{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T14:56:21Z","timestamp":1777560981963,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81471496"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81471496"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Immunopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,10]],"date-time":"2020-09-10T02:53:30Z","timestamp":1599706410000},"page":"106901","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Leptin is upregulated in epididymitis and promotes apoptosis and IL-1\u03b2 production in epididymal epithelial cells by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Nanhe","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Youlin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xi","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongxiang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.4103\/1008-682X.155770","article-title":"Epididymitis: revelations at the convergence of clinical and basic sciences","volume":"17","author":"Michel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Asian J. Androl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmy009","article-title":"Infectious, inflammatory and \u2018autoimmune\u2019 male factor infertility: how do rodent models inform clinical practice?","volume":"24","author":"Fijak","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod. Update"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2016.209","article-title":"Leptin in the interplay of inflammation, metabolism and immune system disorders","volume":"13","author":"Abella","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2018.03.011","article-title":"Leptin in autoimmune mechanisms of systemic rheumatic diseases","volume":"423","author":"Navarini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1350","article-title":"The weight of leptin in immunity","volume":"4","author":"Cava","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmt033","article-title":"The relationship between gut and adipose hormones, and reproduction","volume":"20","author":"Comninos","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod. Update"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3535","DOI":"10.1042\/BCJ20180631","article-title":"Insights into leptin signaling and male reproductive health: the missing link between overweight and subfertility?","volume":"475","author":"Moreira","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0801525","article-title":"Restoration of fertility in young obese (Lepob Lepob) male mice with low dose recombinant mouse leptin treatment","volume":"25","author":"Cleary","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int. J. Obes."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-018-0368-4","article-title":"Exogenous leptin affects sperm parameters and impairs blood testis barrier integrity in adult male mice","volume":"16","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol. RBE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.4103\/aja.aja_21_19","article-title":"Comprehensive transcriptome analysis based on RNA sequencing identifies critical genes for lipopolysaccharide-induced epididymitis in a rat model","volume":"21","author":"Song","year":"2019","journal-title":"Asian J. Androl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0055","article-title":"Chronic epididymitis and leptin and their associations with semen characteristics in men with infertility","volume":"82","author":"Song","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2020.113863","article-title":"Advances in the molecular mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome activators and inactivators","volume":"175","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005848","article-title":"Molecular basis of acute cystitis reveals susceptibility genes and immunotherapeutic targets","volume":"12","author":"Ambite","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2425","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI81916","article-title":"Uropathogenic Escherichia coli strain CFT073 disrupts NLRP3 inflammasome activation","volume":"126","author":"Waldhuber","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.109.082180","article-title":"Lipopolysaccharide-induced epididymitis disrupts epididymal beta-defensin expression and inhibits sperm motility in rats","volume":"83","author":"Cao","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1603","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2005.04.020","article-title":"Isolation, culture and characteristics of epididymal epithelial cells from adult cats","volume":"64","author":"Buff","year":"2005","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2016.02.009","article-title":"Leptin promotes apoptosis and inhibits autophagy of chondrocytes through upregulating lysyl oxidase-like 3 during osteoarthritis pathogenesis","volume":"24","author":"Huang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2007.02763.x","article-title":"Regulation and functional impact of lipopolysaccharide induced Nod2 gene expression in the murine epididymal epithelial cell line PC1","volume":"124","author":"M\u00fchlbauer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2016.10.011","article-title":"Leptin in inflammation and autoimmunity","volume":"98","author":"La Cava","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1097\/MOU.0000000000000762","article-title":"The role of leptin and obesity on male infertility","volume":"30","author":"Khodamoradi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Urol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0105","first-page":"3550","article-title":"Sperm motility inversely correlates with seminal leptin levels in idiopathic asthenozoospermia","volume":"7","author":"Guo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1111\/and.12313","article-title":"Seminal plasma leptin and spermatozoon apoptosis in patients with varicocele and leucocytospermia","volume":"47","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2013.01.014","article-title":"Leptin attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced apoptosis of thymocytes partially via down-regulation of cPLA2 and p38 MAPK activation","volume":"15","author":"Liang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20215412","article-title":"Analysis of transcriptome, selected intracellular signaling pathways, proliferation and apoptosis of LNCaP cells exposed to high leptin concentrations","volume":"20","author":"Szyszka","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3684","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2016.4970","article-title":"Leptin induces the apoptosis of chondrocytes in an in vitro model of osteoarthritis via the JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Med. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-107617","article-title":"High leptin level attenuates embryo development in overweight\/obese infertile women by inhibiting proliferation and promotes apoptosis in granule cell","volume":"49","author":"Lin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Horm. Metab. Res. Horm. Stoffwechselforschung Horm. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1007\/s12012-018-9462-2","article-title":"Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and PARP inhibitors: mechanisms of action and role in cardiovascular disorders","volume":"18","author":"Henning","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5767","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-017-0793-y","article-title":"Cell death pathways: a novel therapeutic approach for neuroscientists","volume":"55","author":"Morris","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1006\/cimm.1999.1490","article-title":"Human leptin stimulates proliferation and activation of human circulating monocytes","volume":"194","author":"Santos-Alvarez","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cell. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1006\/cimm.1999.1594","article-title":"Human leptin enhances activation and proliferation of human circulating T lymphocytes","volume":"199","author":"Mart\u00edn-Romero","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cell. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-010-9507-1","article-title":"Leptin activates human B cells to secrete TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-10 via JAK2\/STAT3 and p38MAPK\/ERK1\/2 signaling pathway","volume":"31","author":"Agrawal","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00841","article-title":"Leptin induces proadipogenic and proinflammatory signaling in adipocytes","volume":"10","author":"Palhinha","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-016-1112-0","article-title":"Catabolic and proinflammatory effects of leptin in chondrocytes are regulated by suppressor of cytokine signaling-3","volume":"18","author":"Koskinen-Kolasa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.115.136580","article-title":"Toll-like Receptors 4 and 5 cooperatively initiate the innate immune responses to uropathogenic escherichia coli infection in mouse epididymal epithelial cells","volume":"94","author":"Cheng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01373-13","article-title":"Uropathogenic Escherichia coli modulates innate immunity to suppress Th1-mediated inflammatory responses during infectious epididymitis","volume":"82","author":"Lang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"issue":"174","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0180","first-page":"6820","article-title":"Leptin promotes differentiation and survival of human dendritic cells and licenses them for Th1 priming","volume":"1950","author":"Mattioli","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Baltim. Md"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0185","first-page":"783","article-title":"Leptin directly induces the secretion of interleukin 1 receptor antagonist in human monocytes","volume":"86","author":"Gabay","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9770","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2017.7797","article-title":"Leptin promotes IL-18 secretion by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome in RAW 264.7 cells","volume":"16","author":"Fu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Med. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0195","first-page":"R204","article-title":"IL-1 beta mediates leptin induction during inflammation","volume":"274","author":"Faggioni","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901_b0200","first-page":"123","article-title":"Impact of inflammation on male reproductive tract","volume":"16","author":"Azenabor","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Infertil."}],"container-title":["International Immunopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1567576920313837?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1567576920313837?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,13]],"date-time":"2025-04-13T00:35:24Z","timestamp":1744504524000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1567576920313837"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["S1567576920313837"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901","relation":{},"ISSN":["1567-5769"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1567-5769","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Leptin is upregulated in epididymitis and promotes apoptosis and IL-1\u03b2 production in epididymal epithelial cells by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Immunopharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106901","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106901"}}