{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T10:19:26Z","timestamp":1783937966810,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32170482"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32170482"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Immunopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]],"date-time":"2025-03-21T00:36:22Z","timestamp":1742517382000},"page":"114474","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Immunomodulatory effects of Sanghuangporus flavonoids: Key insights into enhancing immunity and restoring immune function"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"153","author":[{"given":"Xue","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhinan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongqing","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiyao","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaotong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingzi","family":"Lang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingming","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liangen","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1777","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04904-7","article-title":"An overview of the immune system","volume":"357","author":"Parkin","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2964","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1992.03490200216028","article-title":"Immunopharmacology. Immunomodulation and immunotherapy","volume":"268","author":"Hadden","year":"1992","journal-title":"Jama"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2020.102576","article-title":"Mushrooms and immunity","volume":"117","author":"Motta","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Autoimmun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/imt2.180","article-title":"The gut microbiota-aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) axis mediates the anticolitic effect of polyphenol-rich extracts from Sanghuangporus","volume":"3","author":"Zhong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Imeta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2016.06.086","article-title":"Antitumor and immunomodulation activities of polysaccharide from Phellinus baumii","volume":"91","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2021.118214","article-title":"Chemical structure and anti-inflammatory activity of a branched polysaccharide isolated from Phellinus baumii","volume":"268","author":"Sun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.012","article-title":"Gastrointestinal digestion, probiotic fermentation behaviors and immunomodulatory effects of polysaccharides from Sanghuangporus vaninii","volume":"223","author":"Yin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6882-12-159","article-title":"Immunomodulatory effect of water soluble extract separated from mycelium of Phellinus linteus on experimental atopic dermatitis","volume":"12","author":"Hwang","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Complement. Altern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0045","first-page":"14","article-title":"Immunomodulatory effect of Hispolon on LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells and mitogen\/alloantigen-stimulated spleen lymphocytes of mice","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2023.1124607","article-title":"Immune-enhancing activity of polysaccharides and flavonoids derived from Phellinus igniarius YASH1","volume":"14","author":"Zhu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.1058131","article-title":"Characterization, immunostimulatory and antitumor activities of a \u03b2-galactoglucofurannan from cultivated Sanghuangporus vaninii under forest","volume":"9","author":"Cheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1007\/s12032-023-02185-5","article-title":"Network pharmacology-based anti-colorectal cancer activity of piperlonguminine in the ethanolic root extract of Piper longum L","volume":"40","author":"Singh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Med. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1007\/s12032-023-02067-w","article-title":"A network pharmacology-based investigation of brugine reveals its multi-target molecular mechanism against breast Cancer","volume":"40","author":"Qayoom","year":"2023","journal-title":"Med. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/bbad518","article-title":"Network pharmacology: towards the artificial intelligence-based precision traditional Chinese medicine","volume":"25","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Brief. Bioinform."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0075","first-page":"13","article-title":"TCMSP: a database of systems pharmacology for drug discovery from herbal medicines","volume":"6","author":"Ru","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D1074","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkx1037","article-title":"DrugBank 5.0: a major update to the DrugBank database for 2018","volume":"46","author":"Wishart","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2960","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2021.05.015","article-title":"The DisGeNET cytoscape app: exploring and visualizing disease genomics data","volume":"19","author":"Pi\u00f1ero","year":"2021","journal-title":"Comput. Struct. Biotechnol. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0090","article-title":"Searching online Mendelian inheritance in man (OMIM): a knowledgebase of human genes and genetic phenotypes","volume":"58","author":"Amberger","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Protoc. Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D1465","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkad751","article-title":"TTD: therapeutic target database describing target druggability information","volume":"52","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0100","series-title":"An interactive tool for comparing lists with Venn\u2019s diagrams","author":"Oliveros","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/imt2.32","article-title":"ggClusterNet: an R package for microbiome network analysis and modularity-based multiple network layouts","volume":"1","author":"Wen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Imeta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W216","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkac194","article-title":"DAVID: a web server for functional enrichment analysis and functional annotation of gene lists (2021 update)","volume":"50","author":"Sherman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3891","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jcim.1c00203","article-title":"AutoDock Vina 1.2.0: new docking methods, expanded force field, and Python bindings","volume":"61","author":"Eberhardt","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Chem. Inf. Model."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2024.119257","article-title":"Yanghe decoction inhibits inflammation-induced lung metastasis of colorectal cancer","volume":"340","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.662063","article-title":"Microbial phagocytic receptors and their potential involvement in cytokine induction in macrophages","volume":"12","author":"Fu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2008.75","article-title":"Neutral red uptake assay for the estimation of cell viability\/cytotoxicity","volume":"3","author":"Repetto","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0135","first-page":"18","article-title":"Immunomodulatory effects of a low-molecular weight polysaccharide from Enteromorpha prolifera on RAW 264.7 macrophages and cyclophosphamide- induced immunosuppression mouse models","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mar. Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0140","first-page":"10","article-title":"Study on the enhancement of immune function of Astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis","author":"Fan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2014.154","article-title":"Proteasome inhibition and oxidative reactions disrupt cellular homeostasis during heme stress","volume":"22","author":"Vallelian","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/imt2.5","article-title":"ImageGP: an easy-to-use data visualization web server for scientific researchers","volume":"1","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Imeta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-023-00921-6","article-title":"Cell death by phagocytosis","volume":"24","author":"Brown","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12224","article-title":"Tissue macrophage identity and self-renewal","volume":"262","author":"Gentek","year":"2014","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/s42114-024-01135-7","article-title":"Preparation, characterization, bioactivity, and safety evaluation of PEI-modified PLGA nanoparticles loaded with polysaccharide from Cordyceps militaris","volume":"8","author":"Pei","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Compos. Hybrid Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0170","article-title":"Historical overview of the interleukin-6 family cytokine","volume":"217","author":"Kang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1116304","article-title":"Small-molecule inhibition of TNF-alpha","volume":"310","author":"He","year":"2005","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2011.10.001","article-title":"Understanding the mechanism of IL-1\u03b2 secretion","volume":"22","author":"Lopez-Castejon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-023-01700-0","article-title":"BCG vaccination stimulates integrated organ immunity by feedback of the adaptive immune response to imprint prolonged innate antiviral resistance","volume":"25","author":"Lee","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(23)00690-4","article-title":"Humoral and cellular immune responses following BNT162b2 XBB.1.5 vaccination","volume":"24","author":"Stankov","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2020.04.011","article-title":"Whole-genome sequence of Phellinus gilvus (mulberry Sanghuang) reveals its unique medicinal values","volume":"24","author":"Huo","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Adv. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1038\/s41589-022-01017-3","article-title":"Lipid metabolism in T cell signaling and function","volume":"18","author":"Lim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Chem. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3520","article-title":"Macrophages in atherosclerosis: a dynamic balance","volume":"13","author":"Moore","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-021-00584-1","article-title":"How the immune system shapes atherosclerosis: roles of innate and adaptive immunity","volume":"22","author":"Roy","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14071414","article-title":"Lipid metabolism in inflammation and immune function","volume":"14","author":"Andersen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3140","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.6486","article-title":"Quercetin improves nonalcoholic fatty liver by ameliorating inflammation, oxidative stress, and lipid metabolism in db\/db mice","volume":"33","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phytother. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0225","first-page":"27","article-title":"Flavonoids as potential anti-inflammatory molecules: a review","author":"Al-Khayri","year":"2022","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2012.656770","article-title":"Flavonoids and immune function in human: a systematic review","volume":"55","author":"Peluso","year":"2015","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474_bb0235","first-page":"8","author":"P\u00e9rez-Cano","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nutrients"}],"container-title":["International Immunopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1567576925004643?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1567576925004643?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T21:49:55Z","timestamp":1762552195000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1567576925004643"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["S1567576925004643"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474","relation":{},"ISSN":["1567-5769"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1567-5769","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Immunomodulatory effects of Sanghuangporus flavonoids: Key insights into enhancing immunity and restoring immune function","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Immunopharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114474","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"114474"}}