{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T16:02:16Z","timestamp":1792425736965,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Immunopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,6]],"date-time":"2025-04-06T16:58:44Z","timestamp":1743958724000},"page":"114603","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Efficacy of multi-cycle Efgartigimod in achieving minimal symptom expression in myasthenia gravis: A comparative multi-center study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"154","author":[{"given":"Jiaxin","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaohuan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haihong","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongyan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengxue","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanqi","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuangqing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanxia","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinping","family":"Mo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaowei","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mei","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huiyu","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.16511","article-title":"Economic and societal burden of myasthenia gravis in Denmark, Finland, and Sweden: a population-based registry study","volume":"31","author":"Piehl","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1007\/s40120-024-00617-6","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis disease burden and its impact on satisfaction with life: a qualitative survey of patients\u2019 perspectives in Japan","volume":"13","author":"Kawaguchi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neurol Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-024-03553-y","article-title":"Systematic review of the patient burden of generalised myasthenia gravis in Europe, the Middle East, and Africa","volume":"24","author":"McCallion","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Neurol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002790","article-title":"International consensus guidance for management of myasthenia gravis: executive summary","volume":"87","author":"Sanders","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000011124","article-title":"International consensus guidance for Management of Myasthenia Gravis: 2020 update","volume":"96","author":"Narayanaswami","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.27476","article-title":"Utilization of MG-ADL in myasthenia gravis clinical research and care","volume":"65","author":"Muppidi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603_bb0035","volume":"16","author":"Wiendl","year":"2023","journal-title":"Guideline for the management of myasthenic syndromes Ther Adv Neurol Disord"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.25397","article-title":"Early fast-acting treatment strategy against generalized myasthenia gravis","volume":"55","author":"Utsugisawa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1463","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-024-02101-9","article-title":"Efgartigimod: a review in generalised myasthenia gravis","volume":"84","author":"Blair","year":"2024","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Howard JF Jr, Bril V, Vu T, et al (2021) Safety, efficacy, and tolerability of efgartigimod in patients with generalised myasthenia gravis (ADAPT): a multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Neurol., 20(7):526\u2013536. doi:10.1016\/S1474-4422(21)00159-9 [published correction appears in doi:10.1016\/S1474-4422(21)00216-7].","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(21)00216-7"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/17562864241237495","article-title":"A retrospective observational study on characteristics, tretment patterns, and healthcare resource use of patients with myasthenia gravis in England","volume":"17","author":"van Enkhuizen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Neurol. Disord."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.57264\/cer-2023-0108","article-title":"Healthcare resource utilization, costs and treatment associated with myasthenia gravis exacerbations among patients with myasthenia gravis in the USA: a retrospective analysis of claims data","volume":"3","author":"Pisc","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Comp Eff Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-023-02727-0","article-title":"Physician- and patient-reported perspectives on myasthenia gravis in Europe: a real-world survey","volume":"18","author":"Mahic","year":"2023","journal-title":"Orphanet J. Rare Dis."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.27974","article-title":"Safety and outcomes with efgartigimod use for acetylcholine receptor-positive generalized myasthenia gravis in clinical practice","volume":"68","author":"Katyal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2212","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.52142","article-title":"Efgartigimod for generalized myasthenia gravis: a multicenter real-world cohort study in China","volume":"11","author":"Luo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann. Clin. Transl. Neurol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.28334","article-title":"Individualized dosing of Efgartigimod in patients with generalized myasthenia gravis: clinical experience at a single center","volume":"71","author":"Silvestri","year":"2025","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.16189","article-title":"Efgartigimod in generalized myasthenia gravis: a real-life experience at a national reference center","volume":"31","author":"Frangiamore","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2024-334086","article-title":"Efgartigimod efficacy and safety in refractory myasthenia gravis: UK\u2019s first real-world experience","volume":"96","author":"Moniz","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106983","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2025.106983","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of efgartigimod in patients with neurological autoimmune diseases","volume":"273","author":"Qin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Immunol. Lett."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3462","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-024-12293-5","article-title":"Real-world experience with efgartigimod in patients with myasthenia gravis","volume":"271","author":"Fuchs","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/17562864251319656","article-title":"Patterns and predictors of therapeutic response to efgartigimod in acetylcholine receptor-antibody generalized myasthenia gravis subtypes","volume":"18","author":"Jin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Neurol. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/17562864241311127","article-title":"Application of efgartigimod in Chinese patients with myasthenia gravis: a single-center real-world prospective study","volume":"18","author":"Zhu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Neurol. Disord."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1111\/cen3.12739","article-title":"The Japanese clinical guidelines 2022 for myasthenia gravis and Lambert\u2013Eaton myasthenic syndrome","volume":"14","author":"Murai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Exp Neuroimmunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2022-330519","article-title":"Effectiveness of early cycles of fast-acting treatment in generalised myasthenia gravis","volume":"94","author":"Uzawa","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2018.10.018","article-title":"Predictive score for oral corticosteroid-induced initial worsening of seropositive generalized myasthenia gravis","volume":"396","author":"Kanai","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4372","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI97911","article-title":"Neonatal fc receptor antagonist efgartigimod safely and sustainably reduces IgGs in humans","volume":"128","author":"Ulrichts","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603_bb0140","article-title":"Efgartigimod as rescue medication in a patient with therapy-refractory Myasthenic crisis","volume":"2024","author":"Alhaj Omar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Case Rep Neurol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2024.1321058","article-title":"Case report: recovery from refractory myasthenic crisis to minimal symptom expression after add-on treatment with efgartigimod","volume":"15","author":"Watanabe","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.28042","article-title":"Retrospective review of patients with myasthenia gravis switched from plasma exchange therapy to efgartigimod treatment","volume":"69","author":"Mehrabyan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603_bb0155","article-title":"Efgartigimod versus intravenous immunoglobulin in the treatment of patients with impending myasthenic crisis","volume":"14","author":"Ma","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-025-04063-1","article-title":"Fast-acting treatment of myasthenic crisis with efgartigimod from the perspective of the neonatal intensive care unit","volume":"25","author":"Shi","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2025.110457","article-title":"The efficacy and safety between efgartigimod and intravenous immunoglobulin in elderly generalized myasthenia gravis patients","volume":"274","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2299","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S455104","article-title":"Therapeutic plasma exchange in AChR-ab positive generalized myasthenia gravis: a real world study about its early response","volume":"17","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Inflamm. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1497398","article-title":"Case report: Efgartigimod is a novel therapeutic option for ocular myasthenia gravis: a report of 2 cases","volume":"15","author":"Ma","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603_bb0180","article-title":"Response of refractory residual ocular symptoms to efgartigimod in generalized myasthenia gravis: a real-world case series","author":"He","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol. Advance online publication."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.28003","article-title":"(2024) single institution experience with efgartigimod in patients with myasthenia gravis: patient selection, dosing schedules, treatment response, and adverse events","volume":"69","author":"Singer","year":"2024","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"}],"container-title":["International Immunopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1567576925005934?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1567576925005934?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T21:50:16Z","timestamp":1762552216000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1567576925005934"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"references-count":36,"alternative-id":["S1567576925005934"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603","relation":{},"ISSN":["1567-5769"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1567-5769","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Efficacy of multi-cycle Efgartigimod in achieving minimal symptom expression in myasthenia gravis: A comparative multi-center study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Immunopharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114603","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"114603"}}