{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T04:07:24Z","timestamp":1793506044218,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012175","name":"Zhejiang Traditional Chinese Medicine Administration","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025ZR015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025ZR015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012175","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82474271"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82474271"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Traditional Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004731","name":"Zhejiang Province Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LQ24H280008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LQ24H280008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004863","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021RCZXZK17"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021RCZXZK17"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004863","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Immunopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]],"date-time":"2025-06-06T23:03:39Z","timestamp":1749251019000},"page":"114989","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Ganoderic acid A regulates CSF1R to reprogram tumor-associated macrophages for immune therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"161","author":[{"given":"Jiahui","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tinghuang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenying","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongtao","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunxuan","family":"Fei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaqin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hai","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haixin","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhihui","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanzi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shasha","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lili","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huajun","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0005","first-page":"12","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2024","volume":"74","author":"Siegel","year":"2024","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0010","first-page":"229","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"74","author":"Bray","year":"2024","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-00240-3","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"7","author":"Llovet","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers"},{"issue":"10360","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)01200-4","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"400","author":"Vogel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-021-00572-w","article-title":"Small molecules in targeted cancer therapy: advances, challenges, and future perspectives","volume":"6","author":"Zhong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-022-00615-z","article-title":"Rational combinations of targeted cancer therapies: background, advances and challenges","volume":"22","author":"Jin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-024-01549-2","article-title":"Immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and immunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma: current status and prospectives","volume":"17","author":"Shen","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Hematol. Oncol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7879","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.0c02026","article-title":"Marine natural products: a potential source of anti-hepatocellular carcinoma drugs","volume":"64","author":"Ren","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"issue":"Pt A","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0045","article-title":"Lobelia chinensis Lour inhibits the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via the regulation of the PTEN\/AKT signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro","volume":"318","author":"Luo","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2023.02.016","article-title":"The evolving tumor microenvironment: from cancer initiation to metastatic outgrowth","volume":"41","author":"de Visser","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113312","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1113312","article-title":"The role of macrophages-mediated communications among cell compositions of tumor microenvironment in cancer progression","volume":"14","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1002\/cac2.12345","article-title":"Tumor-associated macrophages in liver cancer: from mechanisms to therapy","volume":"42","author":"Cheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Commun (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0065","article-title":"Shaping polarization of tumor-associated macrophages in Cancer immunotherapy","volume":"13","author":"Gao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.04.004","article-title":"The role of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in tumor progression and relevant advance in targeted therapy","volume":"10","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Pharm. Sin. B"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-023-01478-6","article-title":"Metabolism, metabolites, and macrophages in cancer","volume":"16","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hematol. Oncol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-024-06888-z","article-title":"Biological impact and therapeutic implication of tumor-associated macrophages in hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"15","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01452-1","article-title":"Macrophages in immunoregulation and therapeutics","volume":"8","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1186\/s40164-021-00252-z","article-title":"Roles of tumor-associated macrophages in tumor progression: implications on therapeutic strategies","volume":"10","author":"Zhu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exp. Hematol. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2024.112610","article-title":"Jianpi Jiedu decoction suppresses colorectal cancer growth by inhibiting M2 polarization of TAMs through the tryptophan metabolism-AhR pathway","volume":"138","author":"Chang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2023.110614","article-title":"Betulinic acid regulates tumor-associated macrophage M2 polarization and plays a role in inhibiting the liver cancer progression","volume":"122","author":"Guo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1186\/s40425-017-0257-y","article-title":"Colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) inhibitors in cancer therapy","volume":"5","author":"Cannarile","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Immunother. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2022.114884","article-title":"CSF1R inhibitors are emerging immunotherapeutic drugs for cancer treatment","volume":"245","author":"Wen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3337","article-title":"CSF-1R inhibition alters macrophage polarization and blocks glioma progression","volume":"19","author":"Pyonteck","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2021.120350","article-title":"Pulmonary administration of a CSF-1R inhibitor alters the balance of tumor-associated macrophages and supports first-line chemotherapy in a lung cancer model","volume":"598","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4691","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00983","article-title":"Local targeting of lung-tumor-associated macrophages with pulmonary delivery of a CSF-1R inhibitor for the treatment of breast cancer lung metastases","volume":"17","author":"Alhudaithi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Pharm."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2021.08.020","article-title":"Emerging role of natural products in cancer immunotherapy","volume":"12","author":"Dong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Pharm. Sin. B"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24010095","article-title":"The anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities of natural products to control autoimmune inflammation","volume":"24","author":"Moudgil","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9734","DOI":"10.1039\/D2FO01552H","article-title":"Natural polyphenols: a potential prevention and treatment strategy for metabolic syndrome","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2022.154612","article-title":"Natural products targeting macrophages in tumor microenvironment are a source of potential antitumor agents","volume":"109","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3155","DOI":"10.1039\/D2FO02191A","article-title":"The anti-hepatocellular carcinoma effects of polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum by regulating macrophage polarization via the MAPK\/NF-\u03baB signaling pathway","volume":"14","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1812","DOI":"10.1039\/D2FO01683D","article-title":"Therapeutic potential and nutritional significance of Ganoderma lucidum - a comprehensive review from 2010 to 2022","volume":"14","author":"Swallah","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2021.111909","article-title":"Probiotic fermentation of Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body extracts promoted its immunostimulatory activity in mice with dexamethasone-induced immunosuppression","volume":"141","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0165","first-page":"537","article-title":"Immunomodulatory properties of triterpenes, Phytochemistry reviews: proceedings of the phytochemical society of","volume":"21","author":"Renda","year":"2022","journal-title":"Europe"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabl9171","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abl9171","article-title":"Promoting antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis for effective macrophage-based cancer immunotherapy","volume":"8","author":"Cao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1381225","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1381225","article-title":"New insights into the role of macrophages in cancer immunotherapy","volume":"15","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drup.2023.101041","article-title":"The promising role of tumor-associated macrophages in the treatment of cancer","volume":"73","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Drug Resist. Updat."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1186\/s40425-019-0667-0","article-title":"Small molecule immunomodulation: the tumor microenvironment and overcoming immune escape","volume":"7","author":"Osipov","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Immunother. Cancer"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-022-00582-5","article-title":"Beyond PI3Ks: targeting phosphoinositide kinases in disease","volume":"22","author":"Burke","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2024.111550","article-title":"Proguanil inhibits proliferation and migration in glioblastoma development through targeting CSF1R receptor","volume":"127","author":"Ren","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell. Signal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1375781","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1375781","article-title":"Huang Lian Jie Du decoction attenuated colitis via suppressing the macrophage Csf1r\/Src pathway and modulating gut microbiota","volume":"15","author":"Su","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2024.107126","article-title":"CSF1R inhibition reprograms tumor-associated macrophages to potentiate anti-PD-1 therapy efficacy against colorectal cancer","volume":"202","author":"Lv","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."}],"container-title":["International Immunopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1567576925009798?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1567576925009798?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T19:48:07Z","timestamp":1775764087000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1567576925009798"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"references-count":41,"alternative-id":["S1567576925009798"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989","relation":{},"ISSN":["1567-5769"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1567-5769","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Ganoderic acid A regulates CSF1R to reprogram tumor-associated macrophages for immune therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Immunopharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114989","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"114989"}}