{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T02:13:55Z","timestamp":1793240035230,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82160390"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82160390"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32460046"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32460046"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018555","name":"Science and Technology Program of Guizhou Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZK[2022]388"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZK[2022]388"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018555","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013314","name":"Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["D20009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D20009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013314","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004001","name":"Department of Science and Technology of Guizhou Province","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["ZDSYS[2023]004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZDSYS[2023]004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010265","name":"Guizhou Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["[2022]112"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["[2022]112"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010265","name":"Guizhou Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22QNRC02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22QNRC02"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010265","name":"Guizhou Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["[2020]068"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["[2020]068"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Immunopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T20:07:13Z","timestamp":1749672433000},"page":"115050","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Dietary choline deficiency potentiates Helicobacter pylori-driven gut-liver dysfunction via microbial metabolic rewiring"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"161","author":[{"given":"Jiongle","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lixin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zixin","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huaizhi","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhihao","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guzhen","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenghong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daoyan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.13775","article-title":"Dietary choline intake is necessary to prevent systems-wide organ pathology and reduce Alzheimer\u2019s disease hallmarks","volume":"22","author":"Dave","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2340","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12082340","article-title":"The relationship between choline bioavailability from diet, intestinal microbiota composition, and its modulation of human diseases","volume":"12","author":"Arias","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0015","article-title":"A methionine-choline-deficient diet induces nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and alters the lipidome, metabolome, and gut microbiome profile in the C57BL\/6J mouse","volume":"1869","author":"Gautam","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta Mol. Cell Biol. Lipids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1743","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2021.06.010","article-title":"Methionine- and choline-deficient diet-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is associated with increased intestinal inflammation","volume":"191","author":"Matthews","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.603926","article-title":"Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: a review of its mechanism, models and medical treatments","volume":"11","author":"Peng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106902","article-title":"Host ALDH2 deficiency aggravates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis through gut-liver axis","volume":"196","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aba3683","article-title":"High-fat diet-induced colonocyte dysfunction escalates microbiota-derived trimethylamine N-oxide","volume":"373","author":"Yoo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12010062","article-title":"Urinary TMAO levels are associated with the taxonomic composition of the gut microbiota and with the choline TMA-lyase gene (cutC) harbored by enterobacteriaceae","volume":"12","author":"Dalla Via","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2020.109812","article-title":"Gut microbiota-derived trimethylamine-N-oxide: a bridge between dietary fatty acid and cardiovascular disease?","volume":"138","author":"He","year":"2020","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2019.08.021","article-title":"Trimethylamine N-oxide binds and activates PERK to promote metabolic dysfunction","volume":"30","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2024.113173","article-title":"Gut microbiota metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide promoted NAFLD progression by exacerbating intestinal barrier disruption and intrahepatic cellular imbalance","volume":"142","author":"Nian","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-023-00431-8","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori infection","volume":"9","author":"Malfertheiner","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2023.12.022","article-title":"Global prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection and incidence of gastric cancer between 1980 and 2022","volume":"166","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/21505594.2024.2438735","article-title":"Pathogenicity and virulence of Helicobacter pylori: a paradigm of chronic infection","volume":"16","author":"Clyne","year":"2025","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2023.06.016","article-title":"A single-nucleotide polymorphism in Helicobacter pylori promotes gastric cancer development","volume":"31","author":"Sharafutdinov","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2211807","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori, homologous-recombination genes, and gastric cancer","volume":"388","author":"Usui","year":"2023","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1455","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1318093111","article-title":"Human and Helicobacter pylori coevolution shapes the risk of gastric disease","volume":"111","author":"Kodaman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-023-04398-8","article-title":"Association of dietary inflammatory index with helicobacter pylori infection and mortality among US population","volume":"21","author":"Xiong","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2019.05.068","article-title":"Analysis of transcriptionally active bacteria throughout the gastrointestinal tract of healthy individuals","volume":"157","author":"Vasapolli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.01.017","article-title":"Gastric Helicobacter pylori infection affects local and distant microbial populations and host responses","volume":"14","author":"Kienesberger","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-024-05506-y","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori infection exacerbates metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease through lipid metabolic pathways: a transcriptomic study","volume":"22","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106898","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori infection promotes liver injury through an exosome-mediated mechanism","volume":"195","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2019.08.005","article-title":"Microbiota-driven gut vascular barrier disruption is a prerequisite for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis development","volume":"71","author":"Mouries","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118200","article-title":"Effects of choline supplementation on liver biology, gut microbiota, and inflammation in Helicobacter pylori-infected mice","volume":"259","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2019.106026","article-title":"Effect of trimethylamine N-oxide on inflammation and the gut microbiota in Helicobacter pylori-infected mice","volume":"81","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2016.11.032","article-title":"The effect of trimethylamine N-oxide on Helicobacter pylori-induced changes of immunoinflammatory genes expression in gastric epithelial cells","volume":"43","author":"Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1513","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510260619","article-title":"Interleukin-6 protects liver against warm ischemia\/reperfusion injury and promotes hepatocyte proliferation in the rodent","volume":"26","author":"Camargo","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/4936318","article-title":"Efficacy of sucralfate-combined quadruple therapy on gastric mucosal injury induced by Helicobacter pylori and its effect on gastrointestinal flora","volume":"2020","author":"Teng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomed. Res. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.10.015","article-title":"Inflammation-associated senescence promotes Helicobacter pylori-induced atrophic gastritis","volume":"11","author":"Cai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4804","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-32505-8","article-title":"Mannose ameliorates experimental colitis by protecting intestinal barrier integrity","volume":"13","author":"Dong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/imt2.175","article-title":"Wekemo Bioincloud: a user-friendly platform for meta-omics data analyses","volume":"3","author":"Gao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Imeta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8010090","article-title":"Probiotic Lactobacillus spp. act against Helicobacter pylori-induced inflammation","volume":"8","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2021.166286","article-title":"Long-term adjustment of hepatic lipid metabolism after chronic stress and the role of FGF21","volume":"1868","author":"Dille","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta Mol. basis Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7683","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-58407-x","article-title":"Differential cytokine expression in gastric tissues highlights Helicobacter pylori\u2019s role in gastritis","volume":"14","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2024.168496","article-title":"Mechanisms of translation-coupled quality control","volume":"436","author":"Inada","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2019.07.021","article-title":"Subchronic exposure of environmentally relevant concentrations of F-53B in mice resulted in gut barrier dysfunction and colonic inflammation in a sex-independent manner","volume":"253","author":"Pan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2020.08.003","article-title":"Mechanisms of NLRP3 priming in inflammaging and age related diseases","volume":"55","author":"Gritsenko","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2024.04.015","article-title":"Structural transitions enable interleukin-18 maturation and signaling","volume":"57","author":"Dong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2022.115457","article-title":"Poria cocos polysaccharides rescue pyroptosis-driven gut vascular barrier disruption in order to alleviates non-alcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"296","author":"Ye","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI171267","article-title":"Blood-derived lysophospholipid sustains hepatic phospholipids and fat storage necessary for hepatoprotection in overnutrition","volume":"133","author":"Chin","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/s13099-022-00486-0","article-title":"Exosomal CagA from Helicobacter pylori aggravates intestinal epithelium barrier dysfunction in chronic colitis by facilitating Claudin-2 expression","volume":"14","author":"Guo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gut Pathog"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2022-328075","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori promotes colorectal carcinogenesis by deregulating intestinal immunity and inducing a mucus-degrading microbiota signature","volume":"72","author":"Ralser","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.06.022","article-title":"Loss of junctional adhesion molecule a promotes severe steatohepatitis in mice on a diet high in saturated fat, fructose, and cholesterol","volume":"151","author":"Rahman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6763","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-42424-x","article-title":"Intestinal Atp8b1 dysfunction causes hepatic choline deficiency and steatohepatitis","volume":"14","author":"Tamura","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2023.115845","article-title":"CDP-choline modulates cholinergic signaling and gut microbiota to alleviate DSS-induced inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"217","author":"Guo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0230","article-title":"Urine-based detection of congenital portosystemic shunt in C57BL\/6 mice","volume":"4","author":"Yeoh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Function (Oxf)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2022.115125","article-title":"Molecular and functional characterization of flavin-containing monooxygenases in pigs, dogs, and cats","volume":"202","author":"Uno","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2008.05.002","article-title":"Differential regulation of human hepatic flavin containing monooxygenase 3 (FMO3) by CCAAT\/enhancer-binding protein beta (C\/EBPbeta) liver inhibitory and liver activating proteins","volume":"76","author":"Klick","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0245","first-page":"99","article-title":"Regulation of flavin-containing mono-oxygenase (Fmo3) gene expression by steroids in mice and humans","volume":"20","author":"Esposito","year":"2014","journal-title":"Horm. Mol. Biol. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1007\/s13402-024-00920-2","article-title":"Microbial metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide induces intestinal carcinogenesis through inhibiting farnesoid X receptor signaling","volume":"47","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell. Oncol. (Dordr)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1915","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114524000631","article-title":"Trimethylamine N-oxide, choline and its metabolites are associated with the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"131","author":"Ma","year":"2024","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.158183","article-title":"Aorta- and liver-generated TMAO enhances trained immunity for increased inflammation via ER stress\/mitochondrial ROS\/glycolysis pathways","volume":"8","author":"Saaoud","year":"2023","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1038\/s41422-022-00645-7","article-title":"Gut microbiota drives macrophage-dependent self-renewal of intestinal stem cells via niche enteric serotonergic neurons","volume":"32","author":"Zhu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2024.118910","article-title":"Bie Jia Jian pill ameliorates BDL-induced cholestatic hepatic fibrosis in rats by regulating intestinal microbial composition and TMAO-mediated PI3K\/AKT signaling pathway","volume":"337","author":"Cui","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2016.06.004","article-title":"Hepatotoxicity and endothelial dysfunction induced by high choline diet and the protective effects of phloretin in mice","volume":"94","author":"Ren","year":"2016","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins11090490","article-title":"TMA, a forgotten uremic toxin, but not TMAO, is involved in cardiovascular pathology","volume":"11","author":"Jaworska","year":"2019","journal-title":"Toxins (Basel)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glz181","article-title":"Trimethylamine but not trimethylamine oxide increases with age in rat plasma and affects smooth muscle cells viability","volume":"75","author":"Jaworska","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-024-04273-5","article-title":"Is there a correlation between TMAO plasma levels and archaea in the gut of patients undergoing hemodialysis?","volume":"57","author":"Kemp","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. Urol. Nephrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.14461","article-title":"Microbial trimethylamine metabolism in marine environments","volume":"21","author":"Sun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2020.115957","article-title":"Cultured Cordyceps sinensis polysaccharides modulate intestinal mucosal immunity and gut microbiota in cyclophosphamide-treated mice","volume":"235","author":"Ying","year":"2020","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2023.115811","article-title":"Maternal exposure to 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide during pregnancy leads to disorder of gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism in offspring","volume":"269","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1934","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2024-331880","article-title":"Puerarin alleviates atherosclerosis via the inhibition of Prevotella copri and its trimethylamine production","volume":"73","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.3390\/biom12010056","article-title":"Understanding the role of the gut microbiome and microbial metabolites in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: current evidence and perspectives","volume":"12","author":"Vallianou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2019.01.041","article-title":"Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG strain mitigated the development of obstructive sleep apnea-induced hypertension in a high salt diet via regulating TMAO level and CD4+ T cell induced-type I inflammation","volume":"112","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4299","DOI":"10.1039\/C8FO00349A","article-title":"Lactobacillus plantarum ZDY04 exhibits a strain-specific property of lowering TMAO via the modulation of gut microbiota in mice","volume":"9","author":"Qiu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3126","DOI":"10.3390\/foods10123126","article-title":"Lactobacillus plantarum MA2 ameliorates methionine and choline-deficient diet induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats by improving the intestinal microecology and mucosal barrier","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2332","DOI":"10.1038\/s12276-023-01102-0","article-title":"Lactobacillus plantarum ameliorates NASH-related inflammation by upregulating L-arginine production","volume":"55","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aad2602","article-title":"The ecology of the microbiome: networks, competition, and stability","volume":"350","author":"Coyte","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0345","article-title":"Investigating causal associations among gut microbiota, metabolites, and liver diseases: a Mendelian randomization study","volume":"14","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1379064","article-title":"Multi-omics analysis of the biological mechanism of the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"15","author":"Lin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/s42523-019-0016-0","article-title":"Occurrence and expression of genes encoding methyl-compound production in rumen bacteria","volume":"1","author":"Kelly","year":"2019","journal-title":"Anim Microbiome."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.12.001","article-title":"Association of trimethylamine N-oxide and metabolites with kidney function decline in patients with chronic kidney disease","volume":"44","author":"Cheng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.00244","article-title":"Lactobacillus reuteri inhibition of Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli adherence to human intestinal epithelium","volume":"7","author":"Walsham","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0370","article-title":"Lactobacillus reuteri 1 enhances intestinal epithelial barrier function and alleviates the inflammatory response induced by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88 via suppressing the MLCK signaling pathway in IPEC-J2 cells","volume":"13","author":"Gao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.13017","article-title":"Probiotic containing Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17648 as an adjunct treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"28","author":"Ismail","year":"2023","journal-title":"Helicobacter"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-020-02278-1","article-title":"Effects of probiotic supplementation on serum trimethylamine-N-oxide level and gut microbiota composition in young males: a double-blinded randomized controlled trial","volume":"60","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nutr."}],"container-title":["International Immunopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1567576925010409?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1567576925010409?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T19:53:19Z","timestamp":1775764399000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1567576925010409"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"references-count":76,"alternative-id":["S1567576925010409"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050","relation":{},"ISSN":["1567-5769"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1567-5769","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Dietary choline deficiency potentiates Helicobacter pylori-driven gut-liver dysfunction via microbial metabolic rewiring","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Immunopharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115050","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"115050"}}