{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T08:44:55Z","timestamp":1775724295811,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81903813"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81903813"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004480","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["202203021211219"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202203021211219"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004480","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004480","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["202303021211171"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202303021211171"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004480","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013318","name":"Shanxi Provincial Department of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013318","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017605","name":"Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017605","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016067","name":"Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016067","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Immunopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]],"date-time":"2025-12-29T13:11:38Z","timestamp":1767013898000},"page":"116103","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Multifunctional micelles-mediated macrophage modulation for dual suppression of inflammation and bone Erosion in rheumatoid arthritis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"170","author":[{"given":"Xiu-ying","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feng-yuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qin-qing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan-dong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cai-xia","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"10086","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2328","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)31472-1","article-title":"Pathogenetic insights from the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"389","author":"McInnes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet (London, England)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/s41927-023-00341-y","article-title":"Physical function and severe side effects matter most to patients with RA (< 5 years): a discrete choice experiment assessing preferences for personalized RA treatment","volume":"7","author":"Bywall","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC rheumatology."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2019-216655","article-title":"EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis with synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: 2019 update","volume":"79","author":"Smolen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-020-00541-7","article-title":"Persistent inflammatory and non-inflammatory mechanisms in refractory rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"17","author":"Buch","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2448","article-title":"Exploring the full spectrum of macrophage activation","volume":"8","author":"Mosser","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.708186","article-title":"Macrophages: the good, the bad, and the gluttony","volume":"12","author":"Ross","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2014.00491","article-title":"Macrophage cytokines: involvement in immunity and infectious diseases","volume":"5","author":"Arango Duque","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2017.09.002","article-title":"Macrophage polarization and allergic asthma","volume":"191","author":"Saradna","year":"2018","journal-title":"Translational research: the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-020-02251-w","article-title":"Alternatively activated macrophages; a double-edged sword in allergic asthma","volume":"18","author":"Abdelaziz","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Transl. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0050","first-page":"306","article-title":"Arthritogenic actions of recombinant IL-1 and tumour necrosis factor alpha in the rabbit: evidence for synergistic interactions between cytokines in vivo","volume":"75","author":"Henderson","year":"1989","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R380","DOI":"10.1186\/ar1499","article-title":"Potential involvement of oxidative stress in cartilage senescence and development of osteoarthritis: oxidative stress induces chondrocyte telomere instability and downregulation of chondrocyte function","volume":"7","author":"Yudoh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1613","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20062525","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species induce chondrocyte hypertrophy in endochondral ossification","volume":"204","author":"Morita","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/4895050","article-title":"A tale of two joints: the role of matrix metalloproteases in cartilage biology","volume":"2016","author":"Rose","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dis. Markers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2015.05.144","article-title":"Folate-conjugated biodegradable core cross-linked polyphosphoester micelles for targeted and pH-triggered drug delivery","volume":"213","author":"Hu","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2102","DOI":"10.1039\/C5TB02479J","article-title":"Activated macrophage-targeted dextran-methotrexate\/folate conjugate prevents deterioration of collagen-induced arthritis in mice","volume":"4","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1021\/mp0700615","article-title":"Depletion of folate-receptor-positive macrophages leads to alleviation of symptoms and prolonged survival in two murine models of systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"4","author":"Varghese","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol. Pharm."},{"issue":"Pt B","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2016.08.020","article-title":"Folate receptor targeted three-layered micelles and hydrogels for gene delivery to activated macrophages","volume":"244","author":"Mohammadi","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jddst.2020.101946","article-title":"Folate receptor-\u03b2 targeted cholesterol-chitosan nanocarrier for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: an animal study","volume":"60","author":"Kottarath","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Drug Delivery Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-016-0281-0","article-title":"Hypoxia and its implications in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"23","author":"Qui\u00f1onez-Flores","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2017.49","article-title":"Immunometabolism in early and late stages of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"13","author":"Weyand","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0105","article-title":"Energy metabolism disorder as a contributing factor of rheumatoid arthritis: a comparative proteomic and metabolomic study","volume":"10","author":"Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0110","first-page":"257","article-title":"Metabolic fingerprinting of joint tissue of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rat: in vitro, high resolution NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectroscopy based analysis","volume":"17","author":"Srivastava","year":"2018","journal-title":"EXCLI J."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3769","DOI":"10.1021\/pr400415a","article-title":"Serum metabolic signatures of four types of human arthritis","volume":"12","author":"Jiang","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Proteome Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2019.05.032","article-title":"Triptolide: medicinal chemistry, chemical biology and clinical progress","volume":"176","author":"Hou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.114470","article-title":"Friend or foe? The dual role of triptolide in the liver, kidney, and heart","volume":"161","author":"Jiang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2024.107100","article-title":"Novel nano-drug delivery system for natural products and their application","volume":"201","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2019.03.010","article-title":"Intra-articular targeting of nanomaterials for the treatment of osteoarthritis","volume":"93","author":"Brown","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2728","DOI":"10.1038\/s41596-020-0355-z","article-title":"Design, fabrication and applications of tetrahedral DNA nanostructure-based multifunctional complexes in drug delivery and biomedical treatment","volume":"15","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"issue":"46","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202109609","article-title":"Biomimetic Nanoerythrosome-coated aptamer-DNA tetrahedron\/Maytansine conjugates: pH-responsive and targeted cytotoxicity for HER2-positive breast Cancer","volume":"34","author":"Ma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2022.122572","article-title":"pH-sensitive nano-polyelectrolyte complexes with arthritic macrophage-targeting delivery of triptolide","volume":"632","author":"Xin Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1039\/D1BM01520F","article-title":"Folate-modified triptolide liposomes target activated macrophages for safe rheumatoid arthritis therapy","volume":"10","author":"Guo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomater. Sci."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1080\/1061186X.2022.2070173","article-title":"Macrophage targeted triptolide micelles capable of cGAS-STING pathway inhibition for rheumatoid arthritis treatment","volume":"30","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Drug Target."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2004.01.012","article-title":"Folate receptor-mediated targeting of therapeutic and imaging agents to activated macrophages in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"56","author":"Paulos","year":"2004","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1007\/s13346-018-0589-2","article-title":"The folate receptor \u03b2 as a macrophage-mediated imaging and therapeutic target in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"9","author":"Chandrupatla","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drug Deliv. Transl. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.867260","article-title":"The role of M1\/M2 macrophage polarization in rheumatoid arthritis synovitis","volume":"13","author":"Cutolo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-022-00793-5","article-title":"Mechanisms of joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis - immune cell-fibroblast-bone interactions","volume":"18","author":"Komatsu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-022-06400-y","article-title":"Transcriptional expression of CXCL10 and STAT1 in lupus nephritis and the intervention effect of triptolide","volume":"42","author":"Shi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Rheumatol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI59643","article-title":"Macrophage plasticity and polarization: in vivo veritas","volume":"122","author":"Sica","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0195","series-title":"Sheng li ke xue jin zhan [Progress in physiology]","first-page":"269","volume":"35 (3)","author":"Wang","year":"2004"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2172","DOI":"10.4161\/cc.25550","article-title":"Connecting the dots in cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL): STAT5 regulates malignant T cell proliferation via miR-15","volume":"12","author":"Litvinov","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)"},{"issue":"42","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E5699","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1516465112","article-title":"Activation of cyclic GMP-AMP synthase by self-DNA causes autoimmune diseases","volume":"112","author":"Gao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"issue":"214","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ra20","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.2002521","article-title":"STING specifies IRF3 phosphorylation by TBK1 in the cytosolic DNA signaling pathway","volume":"5","author":"Tanaka","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sci. Signal."}],"container-title":["International Immunopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1567576925020922?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1567576925020922?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T04:37:01Z","timestamp":1768970221000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1567576925020922"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":42,"alternative-id":["S1567576925020922"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103","relation":{},"ISSN":["1567-5769"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1567-5769","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Multifunctional micelles-mediated macrophage modulation for dual suppression of inflammation and bone Erosion in rheumatoid arthritis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Immunopharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116103","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"116103"}}