{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T04:16:54Z","timestamp":1782188214755,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008809","name":"University of Hail","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BA-25 013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BA-25 013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Immunopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T19:29:54Z","timestamp":1776454194000},"page":"116662","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The immunomodulatory effect of chicoric acid on cyclophosphamide-mediated gonadal dysfunction in male rats: Cross-talk between sirtuin-1, HMGB1\/RAGE\/TLR4 axis, and PI3K\/Akt\/mTOR signaling"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"180","author":[{"given":"Ali","family":"Alghubayshi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sultan","family":"Almuntashiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanan Abdelmawgoud","family":"Atia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marwa Nagy","family":"Emam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed M.","family":"Kabel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.27280","article-title":"Insights on cyclophosphamide metabolism and anticancer mechanism of action: a computational study","volume":"45","author":"Dabbish","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Comput. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1002959","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1002959","article-title":"Association between gene polymorphisms in the cyclophosphamide metabolism pathway with complications after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"13","author":"Mu\u00f1iz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8050","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.3c01010","article-title":"Protective effect of l-theanine on cyclophosphamide-induced testicular toxicity in mice","volume":"71","author":"Ye","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.14218\/JERP.2023.00025S","article-title":"Cytotoxic properties of cyclophosphamide: a focus on its mechanistic impacts on male gonadal functions","volume":"9","author":"Olowe","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Exploratory Research in Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0025","first-page":"109156","article-title":"Early gonadotoxic effects of cyclophosphamide on the prepubertal testis and the feasibility of reducing toxicity through combined antioxidant therapy","author":"Eskafinoghani","year":"2025","journal-title":"Reproductive Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137896","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2023.1137896","article-title":"Impact of resveratrol-loaded liposomal nanocarriers on heat-stressed broiler chickens: effects on performance, sirtuin expression, oxidative stress regulators, and muscle building factors","volume":"10","author":"Kishawy","year":"2023","journal-title":"Frontiers in veterinary science"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1080\/08923973.2025.2482804","article-title":"Protective effect of roflumilast on cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian toxicity in rats: role of SIRT1\/Nrf2\/nF-\u0138B pathway","volume":"47","author":"El-Marasy","year":"2025","journal-title":"Immunopharmacol. Immunotoxicol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12566","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-62740-6","article-title":"Activation of SIRT1\/Nrf2\/HO-1 and Beclin-1\/AMPK\/mTOR autophagy pathways by eprosartan ameliorates testicular dysfunction induced by testicular torsion in rats","volume":"14","author":"Abu-Baih","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0045","first-page":"1","article-title":"Protective effects of herbal compounds against cyclophosphamide-induced organ toxicity: a pathway-centered approach","author":"Srirangan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Drug Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2025.123545","article-title":"Olmesartan attenuates doxorubicin-elicited testicular toxicity: the interaction between sirtuin-1, HMGB1\/NLRP3 inflammasome\/gasdermin d signaling, and AMPK\/mTOR-driven autophagy","volume":"370","author":"Elariny","year":"2025","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4252\/wjsc.v17.i7.107688","article-title":"Regulation and intervention of stem cell differentiation by long non-coding RNAs: mechanisms and therapeutic potential","volume":"17","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"World Journal of Stem Cells"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics13070574","article-title":"Nano-curcumin mitigates doxorubicin-induced reproductive toxicity via antioxidant, anti-apoptosis, and SIRT1-modulating effects in rat model","volume":"13","author":"Alshuwayer","year":"2025","journal-title":"Toxics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2021.119911","article-title":"Regulation of Keap-1\/Nrf2\/AKT and iNOS\/NF-\u03baB\/TLR4 signals by apocynin abrogated methotrexate-induced testicular toxicity: mechanistic insights and computational pharmacological analysis","volume":"284","author":"Sayed","year":"2021","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.3390\/ph18030286","article-title":"Therapeutic potential of plant-and marine-derived bioactive compounds in prostate cancer: mechanistic insights and translational applications","volume":"18","author":"Siddiqui","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.70014","article-title":"Cyclophosphamide-induced infertility and the impact of antioxidants","volume":"92","author":"Abdi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.4103\/aja.aja_98_20","article-title":"Protective effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes against the reproductive toxicity of cyclophosphamide is associated with the p38MAPK\/ERK and AKT signaling pathways","volume":"23","author":"Guo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Asian J. Androl."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0085","first-page":"1159","article-title":"The protective effect of yishen tongluo fang regulating PI3K\/Akt pathway on the azoospermia\/oligozoospermia model rats induced by cyclophosphamide# br","volume":"48","author":"Xun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Tianjin Med. J."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.3390\/scipharm92020031","article-title":"Medicinal use of chicory (cichorium intybus l.)","volume":"92","author":"Duda","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Pharm."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/ardp.202400935","article-title":"Chicoric acid alleviates rotenone-induced motor dysfunction in mice: targeting PI3K\/AKT\/caspase-3-associated apoptosis and neuroinflammation","volume":"358","author":"Fahmy","year":"2025","journal-title":"Arch. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2025.124567","article-title":"Purification of chicoric acid from dandelion herbal pieces using macroporous resin combined with HSCCC and its antioxidant capacity in human keratinocytes","volume":"1256","author":"Liang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2022.109129","article-title":"Chicoric acid attenuates tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1-induced inflammation and apoptosis via the Nrf2\/HO-1, PI3K\/AKT and NF-\u03baB signaling pathways in C28\/I2 cells and ameliorates the progression of osteoarthritis in a rat model","volume":"111","author":"Qu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1708","DOI":"10.2174\/0113892010280616231127075921","article-title":"An insight into the promising therapeutic potential of chicoric acid","volume":"25","author":"Goyal","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Biotechnol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.70452","article-title":"Safranal alleviates cyclophosphamide induced testicular toxicity in rats","volume":"13","author":"Cellat","year":"2025","journal-title":"Food Sci. Nutr."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1007\/s00011-019-01241-z","article-title":"Chicoric acid prevents methotrexate-induced kidney injury by suppressing NF-\u03baB\/NLRP3 inflammasome activation and up-regulating Nrf2\/ARE\/HO-1 signaling","volume":"68","author":"Abd El-Twab","year":"2019","journal-title":"Inflamm. Res."},{"issue":"57","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119814","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-023-30742-y","article-title":"Chicoric acid enhances the antioxidative defense system and protects against inflammation and apoptosis associated with the colitis model induced by dextran sulfate sodium in rats","volume":"30","author":"Alharthi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0130","first-page":"46","article-title":"Food intake in laboratory rats provided standard and fenbendazole-supplemented diets","volume":"47","author":"Vento","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Am. Assoc. Lab. Anim. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.3109\/08860221003611752","article-title":"Thiopental improves renal ischemia\u2013reperfusion injury","volume":"32","author":"Dogan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ren. Fail."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1402","DOI":"10.3390\/ph15111402","article-title":"Topiramate reprofiling for the attenuation of cadmium-induced testicular impairment in rats: role of NLRP3 inflammasome and AMPK\/mTOR-linked autophagy","volume":"15","author":"Arab","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.29252\/ijrr.19.1.135","article-title":"The effect of 900-MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic fields during the adolescence on the histological structure of rat testis and its androgen and estrogen receptors localization","volume":"19","author":"Gur","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Radiation Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1177\/0192623320969678","article-title":"Deep learning-based spermatogenic staging assessment for hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections of rat testes","volume":"49","author":"Creasy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Toxicol. Pathol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0155","first-page":"1091","article-title":"Preventive and therapeutic effects of nasturtium officinale hydroalcoholic extract on cyclophosphamide-induced testicular toxicity in rats","volume":"15","author":"Aboutalebi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1177\/1099800414558087","article-title":"Induction of IL-6 by cytotoxic chemotherapy is associated with loss of lean body and fat mass in tumor-free female mice","volume":"17","author":"Elsea","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol. Res. Nurs."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ph16101471","article-title":"Modulation of hepatic functions by chicory (cichorium intybus L.) extract: preclinical study in Rats \u2020","volume":"16","author":"Krepkova","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0170","series-title":"Protective effect of curcumin on fertility in cyclophosphamide exposed rats : Involvement of multiple pathways, (October 2019)","first-page":"1","author":"Aluko","year":"2020"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfq149","article-title":"Nicotine diminishes testicular gametogenesis, steroidogenesis, and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein expression in adult albino rats : possible influence on pituitary gonadotropins and alteration of testicular antioxidant status","volume":"116","author":"Jana","year":"2010","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0180","series-title":"Original article rutin ameliorates cyclophosphamide-induced reproductive toxicity in male rats","volume":"2","author":"Abarikwu","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2024.1376225","article-title":"Mitigating cyclophosphamide-associated gonadotoxicity in male wistar rats: exploring the therapeutic potential of hesperidin","volume":"11","author":"Hari Priya","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Vet. Sci."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2003.11.022","article-title":"Cytokines and steroidogenesis","volume":"215","author":"Bornstein","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0195","first-page":"1","article-title":"The protective effect of chicoric acid on the mancozeb-induced male reproductive damage in mice","volume":"7","author":"Forouzandeh","year":"2021"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.18502\/ijrm.v17i6.4814","article-title":"Beneficial effects of cichorium intybus L. extract on oxidative status and reproductive parameters in male Wistar rats: an experimental study","volume":"17","author":"Dorostghoal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Reprod. BioMed."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1080\/17425255.2017.1277205","article-title":"The mechanisms of cyclophosphamide-induced testicular toxicity and the protective agents","volume":"13","author":"Ghobadi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism and Toxicology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0210","first-page":"278","article-title":"Characteristics in male rats given plantain stem juice in cyclophosphamide-induced reproductive","volume":"5","author":"Parameters","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0215","unstructured":"X. Ma, J. Zhang, Z. Wu, X. Wang, Chicoric acid attenuates hyperglycemia-induced endothelial dysfunction through AMPK-dependent inhibition of oxidative \/ nitrative stresses, J. Recept. Signal Transduction 0(0) (2020) 1\u201315."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5475","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-024-03519-4","article-title":"Cyclophosphamide-induced testicular injury: the role of chrysin in mitigating iron overload and ferroptosis","volume":"398","author":"Saleh","year":"2025","journal-title":"Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232113127","article-title":"NGF and the male reproductive system: potential clinical applications in infertility","volume":"23","author":"Ferraguti","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1873","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-023-04805-0","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms underlying cyclophosphamide-induced cognitive impairment and strategies for neuroprotection in preclinical models","volume":"479","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biochem."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1071\/RD9961075","article-title":"Expression of nerve growth factor and neurotrophin receptors in testicular cells suggest novel roles for neurotrophins outside the nervous system","volume":"8","author":"Seidl","year":"1996","journal-title":"Reprod. Fertil. Dev."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1089\/jmf.2018.0211","article-title":"The bioactive effects of chicoric acid as a functional food ingredient","volume":"22","author":"Peng","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Med. Food"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-011-0763-9","article-title":"The cyclophosphamide metabolite, acrolein, induces cytoskeletal changes and oxidative stress in sertoli cells","volume":"39","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Rep."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ph19020266","article-title":"Saroglitazar mitigated cyclophosphamide-induced testicular injury: crosstalk between oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis","volume":"19","author":"Alanazi","year":"2026","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3022","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.14935","article-title":"Chicoric acid ameliorate inflammation and oxidative stress in lipopolysaccharide and d-galactosamine induced acute liver injury","volume":"24","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Cell. Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-026-05271-z","article-title":"Chicoric acid prevents motor dysfunction in zebrafish parkinsons disease model through nrf2-mediated antioxidant effect","volume":"26","author":"Zhang","year":"2026","journal-title":"BMC Complementary Med. Ther."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1007\/s12013-008-9041-4","article-title":"The NAD world: a new systemic regulatory network for metabolism and aaging-Sirt1, systemic NAD biosynthesis, and their importance","volume":"53","author":"Imai","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0270","first-page":"1","article-title":"Regulation of SIRT1 and its roles in inflammation","volume":"13","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2011.222","article-title":"HMGB1: a multifunctional alarmin driving autoimmune and inflammatory disease","volume":"8","author":"Harris","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S.E. Abu-Risha, M.A. Mousa, A.E. Elsisi, Protective role of irbesartan against cyclophosphamide-induced testicular damage in rats via up-regulating PPAR-\u03b3 signaling and ameliorating NF-\u03baB\/NLRP3\/IL-18 inflammatory axis, Life Sci. 289(November 2021) (2022) 120218\u2013120218.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2021.120218"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Z.A. Sadeghabadi, N. Ziamajidi, R. Abbasalipourkabir, R. Mohseni, S. Borzouei, Palmitate-induced IL6 expression ameliorated by chicoric acid through AMPK and SIRT1-mediated pathway in the PBMCs of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients and healthy subjects, Cytokine 116(October 2018) (2019) 106\u2013114.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2018.12.012"},{"issue":"July","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0290","first-page":"1","article-title":"Involvement of role of HMGB1-NLRP3 pathway in systemic disorders","volume":"13","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0295","first-page":"621","article-title":"The PI3K\/AKT signaling pathway: how does it regulate development of sertoli cells and spermatogenic cells?","volume":"37","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Histol. Histopathol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.21910","article-title":"Formaldehyde exposure induces autophagy in testicular tissues of adult male rats","volume":"30","author":"Han","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.4103\/aja202286","article-title":"Exosomes derived from BMSCs ameliorate cyclophosphamide-induced testosterone deficiency by enhancing the autophagy of leydig cells via the AMPK-mTOR signaling pathway","volume":"25","author":"Liang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Asian J. Androl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0310","first-page":"1587","article-title":"Cyclophosphamide inhibits PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR signaling pathway in mice kidneys","volume":"2","author":"Albayrak","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proceedings"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2019.109144","article-title":"Chicoric acid (CA) induces autophagy in gastric cancer through promoting endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress regulated by AMPK","volume":"118","author":"Sun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0320","first-page":"1633","article-title":"Caspase-3: structure, function, and biotechnological aspects","author":"Asadi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0325","series-title":"Inhibition of chemotherapy - induced apoptosis of testicular cells by squid ink polysaccharide","first-page":"5889","author":"Gu","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0330","first-page":"1","article-title":"Chicoric acid enhances the antioxidative defense system and protects against inflammation and apoptosis associated with the colitis model induced by dextran sulfate sodium in rats","author":"Alharthi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083766","article-title":"Kinetics of cyclophosphamide metabolism in humans, dogs, cats, and mice and relationship to cytotoxic activity and pharmacokinetics","volume":"47","author":"Ramirez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Dispos."},{"issue":"S1","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19840915)54:1+<1179::AID-CNCR2820541315>3.0.CO;2-P","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of \u201cactivated\u201d cyclophosphamide and therapeutic efficacies","volume":"54","author":"Voelcker","year":"1984","journal-title":"Cancer"}],"container-title":["International Immunopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1567576926005072?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1567576926005072?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T04:56:33Z","timestamp":1778820993000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1567576926005072"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":68,"alternative-id":["S1567576926005072"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662","relation":{},"ISSN":["1567-5769"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1567-5769","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The immunomodulatory effect of chicoric acid on cyclophosphamide-mediated gonadal dysfunction in male rats: Cross-talk between sirtuin-1, HMGB1\/RAGE\/TLR4 axis, and PI3K\/Akt\/mTOR signaling","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Immunopharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116662","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"116662"}}