{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,12]],"date-time":"2026-11-12T09:28:31Z","timestamp":1794475711543,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":226,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82401121"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82401121"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100025373","name":"School of Stomatology, Wuhan University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZW202402"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZW202402"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100025373","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003819","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024AFB024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024AFB024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003819","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFC2506300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFC2506300"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Immunopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T17:49:08Z","timestamp":1778348948000},"page":"116818","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The landscape of extracellular vesicle in periodontitis and associated systemic diseases: From pathological mechanisms to therapeutic opportunities"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"182","author":[{"given":"Honghui","family":"Yue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lejia","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jirong","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengjun","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengguo","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.38","article-title":"Periodontal diseases","volume":"3","author":"Kinane","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2337","article-title":"Periodontitis: a polymicrobial disruption of host homeostasis","volume":"8","author":"Darveau","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-025-03457-0","article-title":"Outer membrane vesicles of Porphyromonas gingivalis impede bone regeneration by inducing ferroptosis via the hippo-YAP signaling pathway","volume":"23","author":"Luo","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1809","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67728-8","article-title":"Periodontal diseases","volume":"366","author":"Pihlstrom","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.38","article-title":"Periodontal diseases","volume":"3","author":"Kinane","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197105132841906","article-title":"Periodontal disease","volume":"284","author":"Glickman","year":"1971","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0035","article-title":"Exosome as bioactive nanovesicle for diagnostic and therapeutic applications in periodontitis","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMEMat [Internet]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12422","article-title":"Osteoporosis and periodontal diseases - an update on their association and mechanistic links","volume":"89","author":"Yu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Periodontology 2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13769","article-title":"Prevalence of periodontitis in dentate people between 2011 and 2020: a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies","volume":"50","author":"Trindade","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Clin. Periodontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12344","article-title":"Clinical and public health implications of periodontal and systemic diseases: an overview","volume":"83","author":"Genco","year":"2020","journal-title":"Periodontology 2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-022-01757-3","article-title":"Roles of extracellular vesicles in periodontal homeostasis and their therapeutic potential","volume":"20","author":"Deng","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2567","article-title":"Membrane vesicles as conveyors of immune responses","volume":"9","author":"Th\u00e9ry","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-022-03487-4","article-title":"Advances of exosomes in periodontitis treatment","volume":"20","author":"Lin","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0757.2005.00141.x","article-title":"Structure of periodontal tissues in health and disease","volume":"40","author":"Nanci","year":"2006","journal-title":"Periodontology 2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S504612","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles in periodontitis: pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic potential","volume":"18","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Inflamm. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1513983","article-title":"Pathogenic mechanisms and potential applications of extracellular vesicles from periodontal pathogens in periodontitis","volume":"15","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1038\/s41368-025-00415-2","article-title":"Periodontitis-associated salivary microbiota exacerbates systemic osteoclastogenesis via gut modulation and tryptophan metabolism suppression in ovariectomized mice","volume":"18","author":"Wang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Int. J. Oral Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-024-00910-5","article-title":"Interplay between periodontitis and chronic kidney disease","volume":"21","author":"Chapple","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Nephrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0095","article-title":"The extracellular vesicle-based treatment: a developing strategy for periodontal diseases","volume":"16","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0757.1997.tb00097.x","article-title":"The gingival tissues: the architecture of periodontal protection","volume":"13","author":"Schroeder","year":"1997","journal-title":"Periodontology 2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12087","article-title":"Microbial protection and virulence in periodontal tissue as a function of polymicrobial communities: symbiosis and dysbiosis","volume":"69","author":"Roberts","year":"2015","journal-title":"Periodontology 2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.micro.091208.073413","article-title":"Biological functions and biogenesis of secreted bacterial outer membrane vesicles","volume":"64","author":"Kulp","year":"2010","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3622","article-title":"Regulation of immune responses by extracellular vesicles","volume":"14","author":"Robbins","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1148216","article-title":"Metabolic reprogramming through mitochondrial biogenesis drives adenosine anti-inflammatory effects: new mechanism controlling gingival fibroblast hyper-inflammatory state","volume":"14","author":"Paladines","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4241","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.3c00508","article-title":"Nanoparticles of cerium-doped zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 promote soft tissue integration by reprogramming the metabolic pathways of macrophages","volume":"9","author":"Yan","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/biom14060670","article-title":"Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species in infection and immunity","volume":"14","author":"Mukherjee","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-023-02807-4","article-title":"Hexokinase 2-mediated glycolysis supports inflammatory responses to Porphyromonas gingivalis in gingival fibroblasts","volume":"23","author":"Su","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2023.1210449","article-title":"Role of oxidative stress in the relationship between periodontitis and systemic diseases","volume":"14","author":"Shang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24043772","article-title":"Oxidative stress and inflammation in osteoporosis: molecular mechanisms involved and the relationship with microRNAs","volume":"24","author":"Iantomasi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-025-04462-8","article-title":"LPS pretreated dental follicle stem cell derived exosomes promote periodontal tissue regeneration via miR-184 and PPAR\u03b1-Akt-JNK signaling pathway","volume":"16","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0155","article-title":"Outer membrane vesicles of porphyromonas gingivalis: recent advances in pathogenicity and associated mechanisms","volume":"16","author":"Wu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.20517\/jtgg.2021.57","article-title":"Roles of gut dysbiosis, anti-proliferative proteins, and post-transcriptional regulation in carcinogenesis","volume":"6","author":"Sawamura","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Transl. Genet. Genom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-302X.2007.00363.x","article-title":"Further evidence that major outer membrane proteins homologous to OmpA in Porphyromonas gingivalis stabilize bacterial cells","volume":"22","author":"Iwami","year":"2007","journal-title":"Oral Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.01017","article-title":"Outer membrane vesicles prime and activate macrophage inflammasomes and cytokine secretion in vitro and in vivo","volume":"8","author":"Cecil","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201211138","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles: exosomes, microvesicles, and friends","volume":"200","author":"Raposo","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.12884","article-title":"Membrane vesicles from periodontal pathogens and their potential roles in periodontal disease and systemic illnesses","volume":"56","author":"Ma","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Periodontal. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.12950","article-title":"The emerging role of small extracellular vesicles in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid as diagnostics for periodontitis","volume":"57","author":"Han","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Periodontal. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1554","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345221103145","article-title":"Matrix vesicle-mediated mineralization and potential applications","volume":"101","author":"Iwayama","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Dent. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2019.03.008","article-title":"Exosomes on the border of species and kingdom intercommunication","volume":"210","author":"CMAP","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transl. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3525","article-title":"Outer-membrane vesicles from gram-negative bacteria: biogenesis and functions","volume":"13","author":"Schwechheimer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0116896","article-title":"Outer-inner membrane vesicles naturally secreted by gram-negative pathogenic bacteria","volume":"10","author":"P\u00e9rez-Cruz","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0210","article-title":"Gram-positive bacterial extracellular vesicles and their impact on health and disease","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3480","article-title":"Through the wall: extracellular vesicles in gram-positive bacteria, mycobacteria and fungi","volume":"13","author":"Brown","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2018.01.059","article-title":"Exosomes and ectosomes in intercellular communication","volume":"28","author":"Meldolesi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1153124","article-title":"Ceramide triggers budding of exosome vesicles into multivesicular endosomes","volume":"319","author":"Trajkovic","year":"2008","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2728","article-title":"Rab GTPases as coordinators of vesicle traffic","volume":"10","author":"Stenmark","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3402\/jev.v3.24641","article-title":"Routes and mechanisms of extracellular vesicle uptake","volume":"3","author":"Mulcahy","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1151322","article-title":"The role of extracellular vesicles in periodontitis: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapy","volume":"14","author":"Cai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2021.669989","article-title":"Porphyromonas gingivalis provokes exosome secretion and paracrine immune senescence in bystander dendritic cells","volume":"11","author":"Elsayed","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.13338","article-title":"Molecular signatures of extracellular vesicles in oral fluids of periodontitis patients","volume":"26","author":"Chaparro Padilla","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oral Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1159\/000519569","article-title":"Effect of human periodontal ligament stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles on macrophage pyroptosis and periodontal inflammatory injury in periodontitis","volume":"211","author":"Han","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cells Tissues Organs."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.15031","article-title":"Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS-stimulated BMSC-derived exosome promotes osteoclastogenesis via miR-151-3p\/PAFAH1B1","volume":"31","author":"Dong","year":"2025","journal-title":"Oral Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1093\/stmcls\/sxac087","article-title":"Inflammatory periodontal ligament stem cells drive M1 macrophage polarization via exosomal miR-143-3p-mediated regulation of PI3K\/AKT\/NF-\u03baB signaling","volume":"41","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13099","article-title":"Decreased salivary concentration of CD9 and CD81 exosome-related tetraspanins may be associated with the periodontal clinical status","volume":"46","author":"Tob\u00f3n-Arroyave","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clin. Periodontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.13217","article-title":"Analysis of salivary exosomal proteins in young adults with severe periodontitis","volume":"26","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oral Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2019.00202","article-title":"Detection of exosomal PD-L1 RNA in saliva of patients with periodontitis","volume":"10","author":"Yu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0285","article-title":"Salivary outer membrane vesicles and DNA methylation of small extracellular vesicles as biomarkers for periodontal status: a pilot study","volume":"22","author":"Han","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.14083","article-title":"Proteomic insights into gingival crevicular extracellular vesicles in periodontitis and gestational diabetes: an exploratory study","volume":"52","author":"Mizgier","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Clin. Periodontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0906-6713.2004.003556.x","article-title":"Modulation of the innate immune response within the periodontium","volume":"35","author":"Dixon","year":"2004","journal-title":"Periodontology 2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2023.08.005","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles as a novel mediator of interkingdom communication","volume":"73","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2024.02.029","article-title":"Bacterial extracellular vesicles: modulation of biofilm and virulence properties","volume":"178","author":"Jeong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1513983","article-title":"Pathogenic mechanisms and potential applications of extracellular vesicles from periodontal pathogens in periodontitis","volume":"15","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0315","article-title":"The role of Porphyromonas gingivalis outer membrane vesicles in periodontal disease and related systemic diseases","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0320","article-title":"The role of Candida albicans virulence factors in the formation of multispecies biofilms with bacterial periodontal pathogens","volume":"11","author":"Satala","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/stcltm\/szae092","article-title":"Critical roles of extracellular vesicles in periodontal disease and regeneration","volume":"14","author":"Jing","year":"2025","journal-title":"Stem Cells Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345211051599","article-title":"The type IX secretion system and its role in bacterial function and pathogenesis","volume":"101","author":"Veith","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Dent. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0335","article-title":"Outer membrane vesicles of Porphyromonas gingivalis: recent advances in pathogenicity and associated mechanisms","volume":"16","author":"Wu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-022-01757-3","article-title":"Roles of extracellular vesicles in periodontal homeostasis and their therapeutic potential","volume":"20","author":"Deng","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/305476","article-title":"Porphyromonas gingivalis outer membrane vesicles mediate coaggregation and piggybacking of Treponema denticola and Lachnoanaerobaculum saburreum","volume":"2013","author":"Grenier","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Dent."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2024.02.029","article-title":"Bacterial extracellular vesicles: modulation of biofilm and virulence properties","volume":"178","author":"Jeong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1513983","article-title":"Pathogenic mechanisms and potential applications of extracellular vesicles from periodontal pathogens in periodontitis","volume":"15","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1494","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034520943187","article-title":"Porphyromonas gingivalis outer membrane vesicles increase vascular permeability","volume":"99","author":"Farrugia","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Dent. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2022.105282","article-title":"Secreted gingipains from Porphyromonas gingivalis increase permeability in human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells through intracellular degradation of tight junction proteins","volume":"154","author":"Nonaka","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.identj.2025.103941","article-title":"P. gingivalis LPS drives osteoclastogenesis and impairs osteoblast differentiation by suppressing Sema3A\/Nrp1 via TLR-4","volume":"75","author":"Feng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. Dent. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jev2.12381","article-title":"Proteome and immune responses of extracellular vesicles derived from macrophages infected with the periodontal pathogen Tannerella forsythia","volume":"12","author":"Lim","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1513983","article-title":"Pathogenic mechanisms and potential applications of extracellular vesicles from periodontal pathogens in periodontitis","volume":"15","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2023.03.018","article-title":"Fusobacterium nucleatum aggravates rheumatoid arthritis through FadA-containing outer membrane vesicles","volume":"31","author":"Hong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0390","first-page":"1","article-title":"Biogenesis of fungal extracellular vesicles: what do we know?","volume":"432","author":"de Oliveira","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1042\/BST20180252","article-title":"Answers to naysayers regarding microbial extracellular vesicles","volume":"47","author":"Coelho","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biochem. Soc. Trans."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2020.00346","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles in fungi: past, present, and future perspectives","volume":"10","author":"Rizzo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.03469-25","article-title":"Fungal extracellular vesicles mediate conserved cross-species communication and immunomodulation","volume":"17","author":"Piraine","year":"2026","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.01017","article-title":"Outer membrane vesicles prime and activate macrophage inflammasomes and cytokine secretion in vitro and in vivo","volume":"8","author":"Cecil","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/omi.12272","article-title":"Characterization and immunostimulatory activity of extracellular vesicles from Filifactor alocis","volume":"35","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Oral Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aar6676","article-title":"Noncanonical inflammasome signaling elicits gasdermin D-dependent neutrophil extracellular traps","volume":"3","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.04.015","article-title":"Bacterial outer membrane vesicles mediate cytosolic localization of LPS and caspase-11 activation","volume":"165","author":"Vanaja","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202400882","article-title":"Outer membrane vesicles derived from Fusobacterium nucleatum trigger periodontitis through host overimmunity","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1111\/omi.12117","article-title":"Activation of inflammasomes in dendritic cells and macrophages by Mycoplasma salivarium","volume":"31","author":"Sugiyama","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Oral Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12435","article-title":"Viruses, periodontitis, and comorbidities","volume":"89","author":"Teles","year":"2022","journal-title":"Periodontology 2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2004.02.004","article-title":"Loss of lipopolysaccharide receptor CD14 from the surface of human macrophage-like cells mediated by Porphyromonas gingivalis outer membrane vesicles","volume":"36","author":"Duncan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/20002297.2020.1747857","article-title":"Outer membrane vesicle-mediated serum protection in Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans","volume":"12","author":"Lindholm","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Oral Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1002\/cre2.80","article-title":"Putative periodontopathic bacteria and herpes viruses interactions in the subgingival plaque of patients with aggressive periodontitis and healthy controls","volume":"3","author":"Elamin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Dent. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115912","article-title":"Neutrophils and periodontitis: from pathological mechanisms to therapeutic opportunities","volume":"168","author":"Si","year":"2026","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-05-431114","article-title":"Antibacterial effect of microvesicles released from human neutrophilic granulocytes","volume":"121","author":"Tim\u00e1r","year":"2013","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1002\/JLB.3A0320-210R","article-title":"Neutrophils produce proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory extracellular vesicles depending on the environmental conditions","volume":"109","author":"Kolonics","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Leukoc. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1623","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2025.01.021","article-title":"Neutrophil-derived vesicles control complement activation to facilitate inflammation resolution","volume":"188","author":"Hsu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00272","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles released from Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected neutrophils promote macrophage autophagy and decrease intracellular mycobacterial survival","volume":"9","author":"Alvarez-Jim\u00e9nez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4088","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.69816","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles in bone homeostasis: emerging mediators of osteoimmune interactions and promising therapeutic targets","volume":"18","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0490","article-title":"Multifunctional exosomes derived from M2 macrophages with enhanced odontogenesis, neurogenesis and angiogenesis for regenerative endodontic therapy: An in vitro and in vivo investigation","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0495","article-title":"The extracellular vesicle-based treatment: a developing strategy for periodontal diseases","volume":"16","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0500","article-title":"Exosomes derived from M2 macrophages facilitate osteogenesis and reduce adipogenesis of BMSCs","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol. (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0505","article-title":"M2 macrophagy-derived exosomal miRNA-26a-5p induces osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"17","author":"Z","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Surg. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2024.152861","article-title":"M2-like macrophage-derived exosomes inhibit osteoclastogenesis via releasing miR-1227-5p","volume":"230","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Immunobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0515","article-title":"Exosomes derived from reparative M2-like macrophages prevent bone loss in murine periodontitis models via IL-10 mRNA","volume":"20","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0520","article-title":"Erythropoietin-stimulated macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles in chitosan hydrogel rescue BMSCs fate by targeting EGFR to alleviate inflammatory bone loss in periodontitis","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Sci. (Weinh.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-025-03178-4","article-title":"Macrophage-derived mitochondria-rich extracellular vesicles aggravate bone loss in periodontitis by disrupting the mitochondrial dynamics of BMSCs","volume":"23","author":"Yan","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.791648","article-title":"Exosome-mediated eCIRP release from macrophages to induce inflammation in sepsis","volume":"12","author":"Murao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xiao J, Deng Y, Xie J, Liu H, Yang Q, Zhang Y, et al. Apoptotic vesicles from macrophages exacerbate periodontal bone resorption in periodontitis via delivering miR-143-3p targeting Igfbp5. J. Nanobiotechnol.; 2024;22:658. Doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12951-024-02934-2, J. Nanobiotechnol.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-024-02934-2"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3012","DOI":"10.15252\/embj.201696003","article-title":"Qualitative differences in T-cell activation by dendritic cell-derived extracellular vesicle subtypes","volume":"36","author":"Tkach","year":"2017","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25526","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.5c08831","article-title":"Mature dendritic cell-derived extracellular vesicles are potent mucosal adjuvants for influenza hemagglutinin vaccines","volume":"19","author":"Dong","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12428","article-title":"Dendritic cells a critical link to alveolar bone loss and systemic disease risk in periodontitis: immunotherapeutic implications","volume":"89","author":"El-Awady","year":"2022","journal-title":"Periodontology 2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-01809-x","article-title":"Dendritic cell-derived extracellular vesicles mediate mesenchymal stem\/stromal cell recruitment","volume":"7","author":"Silva","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0560","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jev2.70118","article-title":"Induced treg-derived extracellular vesicles suppress CD4(+) T-cell-mediated inflammation and ameliorate bone loss during periodontitis partly through CD73\/adenosine-dependent immunomodulatory mechanisms","volume":"14","author":"Rojas","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0565","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2409","DOI":"10.1002\/iub.2364","article-title":"Exosomes derived from regulatory T cells ameliorate acute myocardial infarction by promoting macrophage M2 polarization","volume":"72","author":"Hu","year":"2020","journal-title":"IUBMB Life"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0570","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2014.05.019","article-title":"MicroRNA-containing T-regulatory-cell-derived exosomes suppress pathogenic T helper 1 cells","volume":"41","author":"Okoye","year":"2014","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0575","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2516","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-021-00764-y","article-title":"TGF-\u03b2-induced CD4+ FoxP3+ regulatory T cell-derived extracellular vesicles modulate Notch1 signaling through miR-449a and prevent collagen-induced arthritis in a murine model","volume":"18","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Mol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0580","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-03147-6","article-title":"Host defense against oral microbiota by bone-damaging T cells","volume":"9","author":"Tsukasaki","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0585","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-023-02914-7","article-title":"miR-142-3p encapsulated in T lymphocyte-derived tissue small extracellular vesicles induces Treg function defect and thyrocyte destruction in Hashimoto\u2019s thyroiditis","volume":"21","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0590","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.1984.tb01320.x","article-title":"Phenotypic studies of cells from periodontal disease tissues","volume":"19","author":"Taubman","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Periodontal. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0595","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3004","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.2100025","article-title":"CD24 and IgM stimulation of B cells triggers transfer of functional B cell receptor to B cell recipients via extracellular vesicles","volume":"207","author":"Phan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0600","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jev2.70040","article-title":"Intercellular epigenomic signalling via extracellular vesicles during B cell maturation","volume":"14","author":"Yim","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.183.3.1161","article-title":"B lymphocytes secrete antigen-presenting vesicles","volume":"183","author":"Raposo","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0610","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2007.01600.x","article-title":"Exosomes - nanovesicles with possible roles in allergic inflammation","volume":"63","author":"Admyre","year":"2008","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0615","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034516633172","article-title":"Epithelial microvesicles promote an inflammatory phenotype in fibroblasts","volume":"95","author":"Bi","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Dent. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0620","article-title":"Nano-engineered titanium implants loaded with gingival fibroblasts-derived microvesicles enhance early osseointegration and soft tissue attachment in vivo","author":"Han","year":"2026","journal-title":"Adv. Healthc. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0625","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1188","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.13171","article-title":"Effects of periodontal cells-derived extracellular vesicles on mesenchymal stromal cell function","volume":"58","author":"Han","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Periodontal Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0630","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2020.12.046","article-title":"Exosomes from TNF-\u03b1-treated human gingiva-derived MSCs enhance M2 macrophage polarization and inhibit periodontal bone loss","volume":"122","author":"Nakao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0635","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1196","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.14184","article-title":"Exosomes derived from human gingival mesenchymal stem cells induce metabolic reprogramming of inflammatory macrophages","volume":"52","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Clin. Periodontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0640","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13798","article-title":"Human gingival mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes cross-regulate the wnt\/\u03b2-catenin and NF-\u03baB signalling pathways in the periodontal inflammation microenvironment","volume":"50","author":"Hu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Clin. Periodontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0645","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2019.06.002","article-title":"Periodontal ligament fibroblasts regulate osteoblasts by exosome secretion induced by inflammatory stimuli","volume":"105","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch. Oral Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0650","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20662","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.28671","article-title":"Exosomal microRNA-155-5p from PDLSCs regulated Th17\/treg balance by targeting sirtuin-1 in chronic periodontitis","volume":"234","author":"Zheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Cell Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0655","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2001","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.2300074","article-title":"Exosomes from cyclic stretched periodontal ligament cells induced periodontal inflammation through miR-9-5p\/SIRT1\/NF-\u03baB signaling pathway","volume":"210","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0660","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5327","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S409664","article-title":"Periodontal ligament stem cell exosomes key to regulate periodontal regeneration by miR-31-5p in mice model","volume":"18","author":"Lu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0665","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.40918","article-title":"PDLSCs regulate angiogenesis of periodontal ligaments via VEGF transferred by exosomes in periodontitis","volume":"17","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0670","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-025-04777-6","article-title":"Periodontal ligament stem cells in tissue remodeling: from mechanical forces to inflammatory signals","volume":"16","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0675","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2023.1225449","article-title":"Curcumin-primed periodontal ligament stem cells-derived extracellular vesicles improve osteogenic ability through the Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin pathway","volume":"11","author":"Lan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0680","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8751","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S470419","article-title":"FoxO1-overexpressed small extracellular vesicles derived from hPDLSCs promote periodontal tissue regeneration by reducing mitochondrial dysfunction to regulate osteogenesis and inflammation","volume":"19","author":"Niu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0685","article-title":"Gallic acid ameliorates the inflammatory state of periodontal ligament stem cells and promotes pro-osteodifferentiation capabilities of inflammatory stem cell-derived exosomes","volume":"12","author":"Dai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Life (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0690","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-025-06422-1","article-title":"Mechanistic insights into periodontal ligament stem cell-derived exosomes in tissue regeneration","volume":"29","author":"Ahmad","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin. Oral Investig."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0695","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.15031","article-title":"Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS-stimulated BMSC-derived exosome promotes osteoclastogenesis via miR-151-3p\/PAFAH1B1","volume":"31","author":"Dong","year":"2025","journal-title":"Oral Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0700","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S395607","article-title":"Osteoblasts-derived exosomal lncRNA-MALAT1 promotes osteoclastogenesis by targeting the miR-124\/NFATc1 signaling axis in bone marrow-derived macrophages","volume":"18","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0705","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241612770","article-title":"Osteoblast-derived matrix vesicles exhibit exosomal traits and a unique subset of microRNA: their caveolae-dependent endocytosis results in reduced osteogenic differentiation","volume":"24","author":"Skelton","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0710","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3727","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S413692","article-title":"Osteoclast-derived exosomal miR-5134-5p interferes with alveolar bone homeostasis by targeting the JAK2\/STAT3 Axis","volume":"18","author":"Pan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0715","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034516633189","article-title":"Characterization of regulatory extracellular vesicles from osteoclasts","volume":"95","author":"Huynh","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Dent. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0720","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.18029","article-title":"The effects of preosteoblast-derived exosomes on macrophages and bone in mice","volume":"28","author":"Hakki","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Cell. Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0725","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202300674RR","article-title":"Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles restore Th17\/treg homeostasis in periodontitis via miR-1246","volume":"37","author":"Xia","year":"2023","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0730","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tea.2020.0141","article-title":"Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles promote periodontal regeneration","volume":"27","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Tissue Eng. Part A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0735","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2022.825596","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles derived from murine cementoblasts possess the potential to increase receptor activator of nuclear factor-\u03baB ligand-induced osteoclastogenesis","volume":"13","author":"Sato","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0740","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles from compression-loaded cementoblasts promote the tissue repair function of macrophages","volume":"11","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Sci. (Weinh.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0745","first-page":"962","article-title":"PKM2(+) apoptotic vesicle-mediated systemic senolytics ameliorate chronic periodontitis","volume":"51","author":"Hao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0750","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1738","DOI":"10.1002\/JPER.21-0657","article-title":"Apoptotic extracellular vesicles alleviate pg-LPS induced inflammatory responses of macrophages via AMPK\/SIRT1\/NF-\u03baB pathway and inhibit osteoclast formation","volume":"93","author":"Ye","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Periodontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0755","first-page":"537","article-title":"Functions and application of exosomes","volume":"71","author":"Qin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Pol. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0760","article-title":"Salivary outer membrane vesicles and DNA methylation of small extracellular vesicles as biomarkers for periodontal status: a pilot study","volume":"22","author":"Han","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0765","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1726","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.14145","article-title":"Profiling of plasma-derived exosomal RNA expression in patients with periodontitis: a pilot study","volume":"29","author":"Kwon","year":"2023","journal-title":"Oral Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0770","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jev2.12400","article-title":"A beginner\u2019s guide to study extracellular vesicles in human blood plasma and serum","volume":"13","author":"Nieuwland","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0775","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jev2.12331","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles from human plasma dampen inflammation and promote tissue repair functions in macrophages","volume":"12","author":"Adamczyk","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0780","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.17727","article-title":"Human serum-derived exosomes modulate macrophage inflammation to promote VCAM1-mediated angiogenesis and bone regeneration","volume":"27","author":"Xiang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Cell. Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0785","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1160\/th15-04-0322","article-title":"Staphylococcal SSL5-induced platelet microparticles provoke proinflammatory responses via the CD40\/TRAF6\/NF\u03baB signalling pathway in monocytes","volume":"115","author":"Bei","year":"2016","journal-title":"Thromb. Haemost."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0790","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Figueredo CM, Lira RJ, Sete MR, Fischer RG. Cell derived microparticles in gingival crevicular fluid from periodontitis patients with type 2 diabetes. Braz. Dent. J. Brazil; 2017;28:675\u20138. Doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/0103-6440201701560.","DOI":"10.1590\/0103-6440201701560"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0795","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1181928","article-title":"Platelets amplify inflammation in arthritis via collagen-dependent microparticle production","volume":"327","author":"Boilard","year":"2010","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0800","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2012.118","article-title":"Platelets: active players in the pathogenesis of arthritis and SLE","volume":"8","author":"Boilard","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0805","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-018-0072-y","article-title":"HMGB1(+) platelet microparticles damage the endothelium","volume":"14","author":"Bernard","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6543","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1002788","article-title":"Microparticles (ectosomes) shed by stored human platelets downregulate macrophages and modify the development of dendritic cells","volume":"186","author":"Sadallah","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0815","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1976","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2015-04-640300","article-title":"Platelet microparticles inhibit IL-17 production by regulatory T cells through P-selectin","volume":"127","author":"Dinkla","year":"2016","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/cpr.13026","article-title":"Periodontitis-compromised dental pulp stem cells secrete extracellular vesicles carrying miRNA-378a promote local angiogenesis by targeting sufu to activate the hedgehog\/Gli1 signalling","volume":"54","author":"Zhou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Prolif."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/cpr.13312","article-title":"Human platelet lysate-derived extracellular vesicles enhance angiogenesis through miR-126","volume":"55","author":"Bordin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Prolif."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25021188","article-title":"Exploring the hemostatic effects of platelet lysate-derived vesicles: insights from mouse models","volume":"25","author":"Hirayu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0835","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-023-00972-w","article-title":"Expanding applications of allogeneic platelets, platelet lysates, and platelet extracellular vesicles in cell therapy, regenerative medicine, and targeted drug delivery","volume":"30","author":"Burnouf","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0840","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ebersole JL. Humoral immune responses in gingival crevice fluid: Local and systemic implications. Periodontology 2000; 2003;31:135\u201366. Doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1034\/j.1600-0757.2003.03109.x.","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0757.2003.03109.x"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0845","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0757.2003.03101.x","article-title":"Gingival crevice fluid--an introduction","volume":"31","author":"Uitto","year":"2003","journal-title":"Periodontology 2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0850","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.12179","article-title":"Evaluation of gingival crevicular fluid levels of tissue plasminogen activator, plasminogen activator inhibitor 2, matrix metalloproteinase-3 and interleukin 1-\u03b2 in patients with different periodontal diseases","volume":"50","author":"Toyman","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Periodontal. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0855","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1007\/s10266-019-00419-5","article-title":"Evaluation of milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor-factor VIII and IL-1\u03b2 levels in gingival crevicular fluid and saliva in periodontal disease and health","volume":"107","author":"Yavuz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Odontology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0860","article-title":"Salivary outer membrane vesicles and DNA methylation of small extracellular vesicles as biomarkers for periodontal status: a pilot study","volume":"22","author":"Han","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0865","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.20517\/evcna.2023.48","article-title":"Immunoaffinity-enriched salivary small extracellular vesicles in periodontitis","volume":"4","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Extracell Vesicles Circ Nucleic Acids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0870","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dawes C, Wong DTW. Role of saliva and salivary diagnostics in the advancement of oral health. J. Dent. Res.; 2019;98:133\u201341. Doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0022034518816961.","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034518816961"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0875","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13099","article-title":"Decreased salivary concentration of CD9 and CD81 exosome-related tetraspanins may be associated with the periodontal clinical status","volume":"46","author":"Tob\u00f3n-Arroyave","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clin. Periodontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0880","article-title":"Effect of salivary exosomal miR-25-3p on periodontitis with insulin resistance","volume":"12","author":"Byun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0885","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1111\/omi.12449","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles-potential link between periodontal disease and diabetic complications","volume":"39","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Oral Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0890","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11997","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S494321","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles derived from lipopolysaccharide-pretreated periodontal ligament stem cells ameliorate inflammatory responses in experimental colitis via the PI3K\/AKT signaling pathway","volume":"19","author":"Tang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0895","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.70034","article-title":"Periodontal manifestations of systemic diseases","author":"Susin","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Periodontal Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0900","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12803","article-title":"An update on the evidence for pathogenic mechanisms that may link periodontitis and diabetes","volume":"45","author":"Polak","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Periodontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0905","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shi N, Kong C, Yuan L, Liu L, Zhao K, L\u00fc J, et al. The bidirectional relationship between periodontitis and diabetes: new prospects for stem cell-derived exosomes. Biomed. Pharmacother. France; 2023;165:115219. Doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.115219.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.115219"},{"issue":"Suppl. 20","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0910","first-page":"S219","article-title":"Periodontal manifestations of systemic diseases and developmental and acquired conditions: consensus report of workgroup 3 of the 2017 world workshop on the classification of periodontal and peri-implant diseases and conditions","volume":"45","author":"Jepsen","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Periodontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0915","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.12518","article-title":"Advanced glycation end-products increase IL-6 and ICAM-1 expression via RAGE, MAPK and NF-\u03baB pathways in human gingival fibroblasts","volume":"53","author":"Nonaka","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Periodontal Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3764","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.29499","article-title":"AGEs induces apoptosis and autophagy via reactive oxygen species in human periodontal ligament cells","volume":"121","author":"Mei","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Cell. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang M, Zhang W, Xu S, Peng L, Wang Z, Liu H, et al. TRB3 mediates advanced glycation end product-induced apoptosis of pancreatic \u03b2-cells through the protein kinase C \u03b2 pathway. Int. J. Mol. Med. Greece; 2017;40:130\u20136. Doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/ijmm.2017.2991.","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2017.2991"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0930","first-page":"85","article-title":"Exosomes derived from impaired liver aggravate alveolar bone loss via shuttle of fasn in type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"33","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0935","article-title":"D-mannose alleviates type 2 diabetes and rescues multi-organ deteriorations by controlling release of pathological extracellular vesicles","volume":"5","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Exploration"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0940","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2020.165731","article-title":"Outer membrane vesicles of porphyromonas gingivalis attenuate insulin sensitivity by delivering gingipains to the liver","volume":"1866","author":"Seyama","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta Mol. Basis Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0945","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/froh.2025.1607931","article-title":"Membrane vesicles from red complex bacteria: key players in oral pathogenesis, immune disruption, systemic diseases, and therapeutic insights","volume":"6","author":"Mahendrarajan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Oral Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0950","article-title":"Serpine1 mediates Porphyromonas gingivalis induced insulin secretion in the pancreatic beta cell line MIN6","volume":"2","author":"Bhat","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Oral Biol. (Northborough)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0955","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1629","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2014.140070","article-title":"Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide upregulates insulin secretion from pancreatic \u03b2 cell line MIN6","volume":"85","author":"Bhat","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Periodontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0960","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1902","DOI":"10.1002\/JPER.22-0035","article-title":"Circulating small extracellular vesicles from patients with periodontitis contribute to development of insulin resistance","volume":"93","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Periodontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0965","article-title":"Porphyromonas gingivalis outer membrane vesicles exacerbate retinal microvascular endothelial cell dysfunction in diabetic retinopathy","volume":"14","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0970","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.925435","article-title":"Outer membrane vesicles of Porphyromonas gingivalis trigger NLRP3 inflammasome and induce neuroinflammation, tau phosphorylation, and memory dysfunction in mice","volume":"12","author":"Gong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0975","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2023.02.006","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles derived from porphyromonas gingivalis induce trigeminal nerve-mediated cognitive impairment","volume":"54","author":"Ma","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Adv. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0980","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25084509","article-title":"Oral microbially-induced small extracellular vesicles cross the blood-brain barrier","volume":"25","author":"Elashiry","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0985","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aau3333","article-title":"Porphyromonas gingivalis in Alzheimer\u2019s disease brains: evidence for disease causation and treatment with small-molecule inhibitors","volume":"5","author":"Dominy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0990","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1080\/1040841X.2022.2163613","article-title":"Porphyromonas gingivalis and the pathogenesis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"50","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb0995","article-title":"Fusobacterium nucleatum: ecology, pathogenesis and clinical implications","author":"Jiang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb1000","unstructured":"Lamphere AK, Nieto VK, Kiser JR, Haddlesey CB. Potential mechanisms between periodontitis and Alzheimer's disease: a scoping review. Can. J. Dent. Hyg. Canada; 2023;57:52\u201360."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb1005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2020.596366","article-title":"Delivery of periodontopathogenic extracellular vesicles to brain monocytes and microglial IL-6 promotion by RNA cargo","volume":"7","author":"Ha","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Biosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb1010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e17","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000155018.67835.1a","article-title":"Human atherosclerotic plaque contains viable invasive Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis","volume":"25","author":"Kozarov","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb1015","article-title":"Periodontal therapy for primary or secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease in people with periodontitis","author":"Ye","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb1020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1310","DOI":"10.1002\/2211-5463.12151","article-title":"Porphyromonas gingivalis-derived outer membrane vesicles promote calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells through ERK1\/2-RUNX2","volume":"6","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"FEBS Open Bio."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb1025","article-title":"The role of Porphyromonas gingivalis outer membrane vesicles in periodontal disease and related systemic diseases","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb1030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1111\/omi.12134","article-title":"Spheres of influence: Porphyromonas gingivalis outer membrane vesicles","volume":"31","author":"Gui","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Oral Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb1035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-024-03886-7","article-title":"Effects and mechanisms of Porphyromonas gingivalis outer membrane vesicles induced cardiovascular injury","volume":"24","author":"Guo","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb1040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2014.12.009","article-title":"Rho kinase mediates Porphyromonas gingivalis outer membrane vesicle-induced suppression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase through ERK1\/2 and p38 MAPK","volume":"60","author":"Jia","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch. Oral Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb1045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1310","DOI":"10.1002\/2211-5463.12151","article-title":"Porphyromonas gingivalis-derived outer membrane vesicles promote calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells through ERK1\/2-RUNX2","volume":"6","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"FEBS Open Bio."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb1050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1494","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034520943187","article-title":"Porphyromonas gingivalis outer membrane vesicles increase vascular permeability","volume":"99","author":"Farrugia","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Dent. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb1055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-302x.2000.150610.x","article-title":"Porphyromonas gingivalis platelet aggregation activity: outer membrane vesicles are potent activators of murine platelets","volume":"15","author":"Sharma","year":"2000","journal-title":"Oral Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb1060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2004.00697.x","article-title":"Interaction of Porphyromonas gingivalis with low-density lipoproteins: implications for a role for periodontitis in atherosclerosis","volume":"39","author":"Miyakawa","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Periodontal Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb1065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2003.07.002","article-title":"Porphyromonas gingivalis induces murine macrophage foam cell formation","volume":"35","author":"Qi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb1070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00648","article-title":"Roles of exosomes derived from immune cells in cardiovascular diseases","volume":"10","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb1075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.70187","article-title":"Exosomal miR-155-5p promote the occurrence of carotid atherosclerosis","volume":"28","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Cell. Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb1080","first-page":"159","article-title":"Advancement in the diagnosis of mitochondrial diseases","volume":"4","author":"Sulaiman","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Transl. Genet. Genomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb1085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034517747575","article-title":"Conserved citrullinating exoenzymes in Porphyromonas species","volume":"97","author":"Gabarrini","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Dent. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb1090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.RA119.001700","article-title":"Citrullinome of Porphyromonas gingivalis outer membrane vesicles: confident identification of citrullinated peptides","volume":"19","author":"Larsen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Proteomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb1095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-27223-5","article-title":"Dropping anchor: attachment of peptidylarginine deiminase via a-LPS to secreted outer membrane vesicles of Porphyromonas gingivalis","volume":"8","author":"Gabarrini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb1100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41368-024-00315-x","article-title":"Caspase-11 mediated inflammasome activation in macrophages by systemic infection of A. actinomycetemcomitans exacerbates arthritis","volume":"16","author":"Okano","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Oral Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb1105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2024.167343","article-title":"Exosomes derived from periodontitis induce hepatic steatosis through the SCD-1\/AMPK signaling pathway","volume":"1870","author":"Ding","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta Mol. Basis Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb1110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jev2.12407","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles from periodontal pathogens regulate hepatic steatosis via toll-like receptor 2 and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1","volume":"13","author":"Kim","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb1115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jev2.70070","article-title":"Fusobacterium nucleatum-derived outer membrane vesicles promote immunotherapy resistance via changes in tryptophan metabolism in tumour-associated macrophages","volume":"14","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb1120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-025-03932-8","article-title":"Porphyromonas gingivalis extracellular vesicles promotes tumor metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by inducing PRKACB\/JNK\/NFATC2 axis","volume":"24","author":"Hong","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb1125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.ado0016","article-title":"Fusobacterium nucleatum extracellular vesicles are enriched in colorectal cancer and facilitate bacterial adhesion","volume":"10","author":"Zheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818_bb1130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4088","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.69816","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles in bone homeostasis: emerging mediators of osteoimmune interactions and promising therapeutic targets","volume":"18","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Sci."}],"container-title":["International Immunopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1567576926006648?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1567576926006648?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,12]],"date-time":"2026-11-12T08:38:57Z","timestamp":1794472737000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1567576926006648"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":226,"alternative-id":["S1567576926006648"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818","relation":{},"ISSN":["1567-5769"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1567-5769","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The landscape of extracellular vesicle in periodontitis and associated systemic diseases: From pathological mechanisms to therapeutic opportunities","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Immunopharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116818","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"116818"}}