{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T02:22:12Z","timestamp":1794277332736,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654041600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015872","name":"Universit\u00e9 de Lille","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015872","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["iScience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,3]],"date-time":"2022-06-03T13:00:28Z","timestamp":1654261228000},"page":"104526","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["A porous cervical mucus plug leads to preterm birth induced by experimental vaginal infection in mice"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Guillaume","family":"Lacroix","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Val\u00e9rie","family":"Gouyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myl\u00e8ne","family":"Rocher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"Gottrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6876-8049","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean-Luc","family":"Desseyn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1007\/s00418-019-01785-5","article-title":"Muc5b is mainly expressed and sialylated in the nasal olfactory epithelium whereas Muc5ac is exclusively expressed and fucosylated in the nasal respiratory epithelium","volume":"152","author":"Amini","year":"2019","journal-title":"Histochem. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.12308","article-title":"The viscoelastic properties of the cervical mucus plug","volume":"93","author":"Bastholm","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Obstet. Gynecol. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.13038","article-title":"Trefoil factor peptide 3 is positively correlated with the viscoelastic properties of the cervical mucus plug","volume":"96","author":"Bastholm","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Obstet. Gynecol. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2017.03.008","article-title":"Tridimensional visualization and analysis of early human development","volume":"169","author":"Belle","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2014.10.037","article-title":"A simple method for 3D analysis of immunolabeled axonal tracts in a transparent nervous system","volume":"9","author":"Belle","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e35538","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035538","article-title":"Mouse estrous cycle identification tool and images","volume":"7","author":"Byers","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib7","series-title":"Morphological Mouse Phenotyping","first-page":"227","article-title":"9 - female genital organs","author":"Carretero","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e69528","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0069528","article-title":"Cervical mucus properties stratify risk for preterm birth","volume":"8","author":"Critchfield","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cis.2017.12.005","article-title":"Gel-forming mucin interactome drives mucus viscoelasticity","volume":"252","author":"Demouveaux","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/S0888-7543(03)00036-3","article-title":"Characterization of mouse muc6 and evidence of conservation of the gel-forming mucin gene cluster between human and mouse","volume":"81","author":"Desseyn","year":"2003","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L334","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00206.2018","article-title":"MyD88 controls airway epithelial Muc5ac expression during TLR activation conditions from agricultural organic dust exposure","volume":"316","author":"Dickinson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2017.08.113","article-title":"The normal trachea is cleaned by MUC5B mucin bundles from the submucosal glands coated with the MUC5AC mucin","volume":"492","author":"Ermund","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod56.4.999","article-title":"Mucin genes expressed by human female reproductive tract Epithelia1","volume":"56","author":"Gipson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib14","first-page":"594","article-title":"The amount of MUC5B mucin in cervical mucus peaks at Midcycle","volume":"86","author":"Gipson","year":"2001","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2018.10.138","article-title":"Non-C-mannosylable mucin CYS domains hindered proper folding and secretion of mucin","volume":"506","author":"Gouyer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9577","DOI":"10.1038\/srep09577","article-title":"Delivery of a mucin domain enriched in cysteine residues strengthens the intestinal mucous barrier","volume":"5","author":"Gouyer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e18761","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0018761","article-title":"The extraordinarily complex but highly structured organization of intestinal mucus-gel unveiled in multicolor images","volume":"6","author":"Gouyer","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1007\/s00418-010-0688-8","article-title":"The characterization of the first anti-mouse Muc6 antibody shows an increased expression of the mucin in pancreatic tissue of Cftr-knockout mice","volume":"133","author":"Gouyer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Histochem. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-5-59","article-title":"The inhibition of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 activity by crude and purified human pregnancy plug mucus and mucins in an inhibition assay","volume":"5","author":"Habte","year":"2008","journal-title":"Virol. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2100023","DOI":"10.1002\/prca.202100023","article-title":"Comparing endocervical mucus proteome of humans and rhesus macaques","volume":"15","author":"Han","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proteomics Clin. Appl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0001-6349.2005.00525.x","article-title":"Immunoglobulin levels and phagocytes in the cervical mucus plug at term of pregnancy","volume":"84","author":"Hein","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Obstet. Gynecol. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1408","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2003.031963","article-title":"Trefoil factor 1 is required for the commitment programme of mouse oxyntic epithelial progenitors","volume":"53","author":"Karam","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8266","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21218266","article-title":"The cervicovaginal mucus barrier","volume":"21","author":"Lacroix","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jprot.2011.02.025","article-title":"Protein profiling underscores immunological functions of uterine cervical mucus plug in human pregnancy","volume":"74","author":"Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Proteomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61698-6","article-title":"Global, regional, and national causes of child mortality in 2000-13, with projections to inform post-2015 priorities: an updated systematic analysis","volume":"385","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-16-0396","article-title":"Characterization of the cervical mucus plug in mares","volume":"153","author":"Loux","year":"2017","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1369\/jhc.6A7100.2007","article-title":"Tissue localization of human trefoil factors 1, 2, and 3","volume":"55","author":"Madsen","year":"2007","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Histochem. Cytochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.40.6.782","article-title":"Histochemistry of the surface mucous gel layer of the human colon","volume":"40","author":"Matsuo","year":"1997","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1991.tb10335.x","article-title":"Vaginal infection and preterm labour","volume":"98","author":"McDonald","year":"1991","journal-title":"Br. J. Obstet. Gynaecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2013.00058","article-title":"Bacterial aetiological agents of intra-amniotic infections and preterm birth in pregnant women","volume":"3","author":"Mendz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.05.015","article-title":"Specific lipopolysaccharide serotypes induce differential maternal and neonatal inflammatory responses in a murine model of preterm labor","volume":"185","author":"Migale","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiz342","article-title":"An updated conceptual model on the pathogenesis of bacterial vaginosis","volume":"220","author":"Muzny","year":"2019","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1016\/0007-1935(91)90085-2","article-title":"Mechanical properties of the ovine cervix during pregnancy, labour and immediately after parturition","volume":"147","author":"Owiny","year":"1991","journal-title":"Br. Vet. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-14089-y","article-title":"Cervical epithelial damage promotes Ureaplasma parvum ascending infection, intrauterine inflammation and preterm birth induction in mice","volume":"11","author":"Pavlidis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2014.03.010","article-title":"Outcomes in preterm infants","volume":"128","author":"Platt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Publ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0174764","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0174764","article-title":"Preclinical mouse model to monitor live Muc5b-producing conjunctival goblet cell density under pharmacological treatments","volume":"12","author":"Portal","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e44591","DOI":"10.1038\/srep44591","article-title":"In\u00a0vivo imaging of the Muc5b gel-forming mucin","volume":"7","author":"Portal","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-018-0862-2","article-title":"Neurologic consequences of preterm birth","volume":"18","author":"Ream","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Neurol. Neurosci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1089\/153685903322538818","article-title":"New monoclonal antibodies to non-glycosylated domains of the secreted mucins MUC5B and MUC7","volume":"22","author":"Rousseau","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hybrid. Hybridomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0191524","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0191524","article-title":"Colonization of the cervicovaginal space with Gardnerella vaginalis leads to local inflammation and cervical remodeling in pregnant mice","volume":"13","author":"Sierra","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10302","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-08057-z","article-title":"Probing the potential of mucus permeability to signify preterm birth risk","volume":"7","author":"Smith-Dupont","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2015.1120190","article-title":"History and future of omega-3 fatty acids in cardiovascular disease","volume":"32","author":"Sperling","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Res. Opin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1111\/ajo.13078","article-title":"Infection-mediated preterm birth: bacterial origins and avenues for intervention","volume":"59","author":"Stinson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aust. N. Z. J. Obstet. Gynaecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2018.06.016","article-title":"Ascending vaginal infection using bioluminescent bacteria evokes intrauterine inflammation, preterm birth, and neonatal brain injury in pregnant mice","volume":"188","author":"Suff","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioab157","article-title":"Vaginal mucus in mice: developmental and gene expression features of epithelial mucous cells during pregnancy","volume":"105","author":"Sugiyama","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-8-39","article-title":"Dietary n-3 fatty acids have suppressive effects on mucin upregulation in mice infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa","volume":"8","author":"Tetaert","year":"2007","journal-title":"Respir. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e46699","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0046699","article-title":"MUC5B leads to aggressive behavior of breast cancer MCF7 cells","volume":"7","author":"Valque","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1007\/s00418-011-0872-5","article-title":"Abnormal expression of Muc5b in Cftr-null mice and in mammary tumors of MMTV-ras mice","volume":"136","author":"Valque","year":"2011","journal-title":"Histochem. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.5698\/1535-7511-16.6.405","article-title":"Under the (light) sheet after the iDISCO+","volume":"16","author":"Vel\u00ed\u0161ek","year":"2016","journal-title":"Epilepsy Curr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3340685","article-title":"MUC5B is a major gel-forming, oligomeric mucin from human salivary gland, respiratory tract and endocervix: identification of glycoforms and C-terminal cleavage","volume":"334","author":"Wickstr\u00f6m","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biochem. J."}],"container-title":["iScience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589004222007970?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589004222007970?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T16:47:05Z","timestamp":1762879625000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2589004222007970"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S2589004222007970"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526","relation":{},"ISSN":["2589-0042"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2589-0042","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A porous cervical mucus plug leads to preterm birth induced by experimental vaginal infection in mice","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"iScience","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104526","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 The Author(s).","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104526"}}