{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T14:25:30Z","timestamp":1793715930561,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741737600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82102143\/NSFC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82102143\/NSFC"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82202256\/NSFC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82202256\/NSFC"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001352","name":"National University of Singapore","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001352","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011789","name":"Department of Science and Technology of Jilin Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2YDZJ202201ZYTS679"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2YDZJ202201ZYTS679"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011789","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011789","name":"Department of Science and Technology of Jilin Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3D4206967428"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3D4206967428"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011789","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011789","name":"Department of Science and Technology of Jilin Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20200601003JC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20200601003JC"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011789","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024YFE0213800"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024YFE0213800"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["iScience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]],"date-time":"2025-03-17T04:16:50Z","timestamp":1742185010000},"page":"112224","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["CT-based artificial intelligence system complementing deep learning model and radiologist for liver fibrosis staging"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Shuang","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenao","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Mu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kan","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianfeng","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiffany Y.","family":"So","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingyang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanan","family":"Zhai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shunlin","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Longlin","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liming","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather H.C.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junqi","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pujun","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Dou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0443-2831","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huimao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.32285","article-title":"Hepatic fibrosis 2022: Unmet needs and a blueprint for the future","volume":"75","author":"Friedman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60383-9","article-title":"Liver cirrhosis","volume":"371","author":"Schuppan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1560","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29800","article-title":"Update on prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of chronic hepatitis B: AASLD 2018 hepatitis B guidance","volume":"67","author":"Terrault","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22742","article-title":"Liver biopsy","volume":"49","author":"Rockey","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2037","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-017-1211-7","article-title":"Evaluation of hepatic fibrosis: a review from the society of abdominal radiology disease focus panel","volume":"42","author":"Horowitz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Abdom. Radiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2017171928","article-title":"Liver Fibrosis: Deep Convolutional Neural Network for Staging by Using Gadoxetic Acid-enhanced Hepatobiliary Phase MR Images","volume":"287","author":"Yasaka","year":"2018","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2440","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.14999","article-title":"An ultrasound image-based deep multi-scale texture network for liver fibrosis grading in patients with chronic HBV infection","volume":"41","author":"Ruan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3805","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-020-07475-4","article-title":"Fully automated prediction of liver fibrosis using deep learning analysis of gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI","volume":"31","author":"Hectors","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. Radiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2018180763","article-title":"Development and Validation of a Deep Learning System for Staging Liver Fibrosis by Using Contrast Agent-enhanced CT Images in the Liver","volume":"289","author":"Choi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-019-06407-1","article-title":"Deep learning with ultrasonography: automated classification of liver fibrosis using a deep convolutional neural network","volume":"30","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. Radiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-019-0099-8","article-title":"Deep learning versus human graders for classifying diabetic retinopathy severity in a nationwide screening program","volume":"2","author":"Raumviboonsuk","year":"2019","journal-title":"NPJ Digit. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1799-6","article-title":"International evaluation of an AI system for breast cancer screening","volume":"577","author":"McKinney","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2018170107","article-title":"Bias in Radiology: The How and Why of Misses and Misinterpretations","volume":"38","author":"Busby","year":"2018","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1006\/obhd.2000.2909","article-title":"Advice Taking in Decision Making: Egocentric Discounting and Reputation Formation","volume":"83","author":"Yaniv","year":"2000","journal-title":"Organ. Behav. Hum. Decis. Process."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-021-00385-9","article-title":"Do as AI say: susceptibility in deployment of clinical decision-aids","volume":"4","author":"Gaube","year":"2021","journal-title":"NPJ Digit. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1814","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02437-x","article-title":"Enhancing the reliability and accuracy of AI-enabled diagnosis via complementarity-driven deferral to clinicians","volume":"29","author":"Dvijotham","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9620","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-021-08046-x","article-title":"Liver fibrosis staging by deep learning: a visual-based explanation of diagnostic decisions of the model","volume":"31","author":"Yin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. Radiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2973","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-019-06595-w","article-title":"Transfer learning radiomics based on multimodal ultrasound imaging for staging liver fibrosis","volume":"30","author":"Xue","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. Radiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4578","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-018-5499-7","article-title":"Deep learning for staging liver fibrosis on CT: a pilot study","volume":"28","author":"Yasaka","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. Radiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3486","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-020-06665-4","article-title":"Assessment of liver fibrosis severity using computed tomography-based liver and spleen volumetric indices in patients with chronic liver disease","volume":"30","author":"Son","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. Radiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2016151542","article-title":"Liver Surface Nodularity Quantification from Routine CT Images as a Biomarker for Detection and Evaluation of Cirrhosis","volume":"280","author":"Smith","year":"2016","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3060","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-016-4648-0","article-title":"Hepatosplenic volumetric assessment at MDCT for staging liver fibrosis","volume":"27","author":"Pickhardt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Radiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.14726","article-title":"Measurement of liver and spleen stiffness as complementary methods for assessment of liver fibrosis in autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"41","author":"Janik","year":"2021","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E489","DOI":"10.1016\/S2589-7500(20)30186-2","article-title":"The myth of generalisability in clinical research and machine learning in health care","volume":"2","author":"Futoma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet. Digit. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2018181197","article-title":"Radiomics Analysis of Gadoxetic Acid-enhanced MRI for Staging Liver Fibrosis","volume":"290","author":"Park","year":"2019","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib26","article-title":"Fully Test-time Adaptation by Entropy Minimization","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"ArXiv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1513","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840190629","article-title":"Classification of chronic hepatitis: diagnosis, grading and staging","volume":"19","author":"Desmet","year":"1994","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib28","article-title":"Transunet: Transformers make strong encoders for medical image segmentation","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"arXiv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib29","series-title":"Rapid model transfer for medical image segmentation via iterative human-in-the-loop update: from labelled public to unlabelled clinical datasets for multi-organ segmentation in CT","author":"Ma","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib30","series-title":"Miccai Multi-Atlas Labeling beyond the Cranial Vault\u2013Workshop and Challenge","first-page":"12","author":"Landman","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2415","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2019.2963882","article-title":"Unpaired Multi-Modal Segmentation via Knowledge Distillation","volume":"39","author":"Dou","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib32","series-title":"Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition. held in Seattle, WA, 2016","first-page":"770","author":"He","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib33","article-title":"Convolutional LSTM network: A machine learning approach for precipitation nowcasting","volume":"28","author":"Shi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Advances in neural information processing systems, held in Montreal, CANADA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib34","series-title":"Tent: Fully Test-Time Adaptation by Entropy Minimization","author":"Wang","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1006\/jmva.1996.0009","article-title":"On the accuracy of binned kernel density estimators","volume":"56","author":"Hall","year":"1996","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Multivariate Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1372","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2007.097923","article-title":"How to measure the diagnostic accuracy of noninvasive liver fibrosis indices: the area under the ROC curve revisited","volume":"54","author":"Lambert","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.2307\/2531595","article-title":"Comparing the areas under two or more correlated receiver operating characteristic curves: a nonparametric approach","volume":"44","author":"DeLong","year":"1988","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-010-1513-8","article-title":"Understanding Equivalence and Noninferiority Testing","volume":"26","author":"Walker","year":"2011","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Gen. Intern. Med."}],"container-title":["iScience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589004225004857?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589004225004857?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]],"date-time":"2025-11-08T19:59:10Z","timestamp":1762631950000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2589004225004857"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S2589004225004857"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224","relation":{},"ISSN":["2589-0042"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2589-0042","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"CT-based artificial intelligence system complementing deep learning model and radiologist for liver fibrosis staging","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"iScience","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112224","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"112224"}}