{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T07:23:31Z","timestamp":1791876211169,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":102,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]],"date-time":"2025-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758240000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003130","name":"Research Foundation Flanders","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["G082221N"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G082221N"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003130","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003130","name":"Research Foundation Flanders","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1165020N"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1165020N"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003130","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003130","name":"Research Foundation Flanders","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1S42720N"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1S42720N"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003130","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003130","name":"Research Foundation Flanders","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1S94218N"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1S94218N"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003130","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004497","name":"Onderzoeksraad, KU Leuven","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004497","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005243","name":"United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005243","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004040","name":"KU Leuven","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["C14\/22\/074"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C14\/22\/074"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004040","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["iScience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T09:58:50Z","timestamp":1758707930000},"page":"113631","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Successful axonal regeneration is associated with intraneuronal metabolic reprogramming"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Anyi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Bergmans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annelies","family":"Van Dyck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"An","family":"Beckers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0186-1411","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lieve","family":"Moons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5287-6886","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Masin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.10.029","article-title":"Central nervous system regeneration","volume":"185","author":"Varadarajan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-019-02844-y","article-title":"The struggle to make cns axons regenerate: why has it been so difficult?","volume":"45","author":"Fawcett","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-017-1571-3","article-title":"Complementary research models and methods to study axonal regeneration in the vertebrate retinofugal system","volume":"223","author":"Bollaerts","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Struct. Funct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1002\/dvg.22406","article-title":"Spinal cord regeneration: Lessons for mammals from non-mammalian vertebrates","volume":"51","author":"Lee-Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Genesis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14198","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-50485-6","article-title":"Cellular reprogramming for successful CNS axon regeneration is driven by a temporally changing cast of transcription factors","volume":"9","author":"Dhara","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.344837","article-title":"Optic nerve injury-induced regeneration in the adult zebrafish is accompanied by spatiotemporal changes in mitochondrial dynamics","volume":"18","author":"Beckers","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neural Regen. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2017.00004","article-title":"In vivo imaging of mitochondrial transport in single-axon regeneration of zebrafish mauthner cells","volume":"11","author":"Xu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201605101","article-title":"Facilitation of axon regeneration by enhancing mitochondrial transport and rescuing energy deficits","volume":"214","author":"Zhou","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5965","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4680-13.2014","article-title":"CNS axons globally increase axonal transport after peripheral conditioning","volume":"34","author":"Mar","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1798","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22041798","article-title":"Axonal organelles as molecular platforms for axon growth and regeneration after injury","volume":"22","author":"Petrova","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2021.703532","article-title":"A novel NAD signaling mechanism in axon degeneration and its relationship to innate immunity","volume":"8","author":"Hopkins","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Biosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3680","article-title":"Wallerian degeneration: an emerging axon death pathway linking injury and disease","volume":"15","author":"Conforti","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10594","article-title":"Sustained axon regeneration induced by co-deletion of PTEN and SOCS3","volume":"480","author":"Sun","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0184672","article-title":"A high mitochondrial transport rate characterizes CNS neurons with high axonal regeneration capacity","volume":"12","author":"Cartoni","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.202402133","article-title":"Local glycolysis supports injury-induced axonal regeneration","volume":"223","author":"Masin","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2625","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2022.06.002","article-title":"Overlapping transcriptional programs promote survival and axonal regeneration of injured retinal ganglion cells","volume":"110","author":"Jacobi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2020.12.003","article-title":"Molecular classification of zebrafish retinal ganglion cells links genes to cell types to behavior","volume":"109","author":"K\u00f6lsch","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3175","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-018-1292-5","article-title":"An antagonistic axon-dendrite interplay enables efficient neuronal repair in the adult zebrafish central nervous system","volume":"56","author":"Beckers","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2022.956279","article-title":"Subtype-specific survival and regeneration of retinal ganglion cells in response to injury","volume":"10","author":"Tapia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e805","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2013.310","article-title":"Neuronal STAT3 activation is essential for CNTF- and inflammatory stimulation-induced CNS axon regeneration","volume":"4","author":"Leibinger","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.03.029","article-title":"Enhanced transcriptional activity and mitochondrial localization of STAT3 co-induce axon regrowth in the adult central nervous system","volume":"15","author":"Luo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2015.03.060","article-title":"Injury-induced decline of intrinsic regenerative ability revealed by quantitative proteomics","volume":"86","author":"Belin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddab315","article-title":"The Jun-dependent axon regeneration gene program: Jun promotes regeneration over plasticity","volume":"31","author":"Mason","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib24","article-title":"GAP-43 induces the differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells into retinal ganglial-like cells","volume":"2022","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Comput. Math. Methods Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2021.113644","article-title":"Promotion of corticospinal tract growth by KLF6 requires an injury stimulus and occurs within four weeks of treatment","volume":"339","author":"Kramer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2114","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-016-9801-x","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinases during axonal regeneration, a multifactorial role from start to finish","volume":"54","author":"Andries","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10030711","article-title":"Stathmins and motor neuron diseases: pathophysiology and therapeutic targets","volume":"10","author":"Gagliardi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib28","first-page":"620","article-title":"Neurofilament proteins in axonal regeneration and neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"7","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neural Regen. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btac757","article-title":"GSEApy: a comprehensive package for performing gene set enrichment analysis in Python","volume":"39","author":"Fang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2881","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2023.06.005","article-title":"Customization of the translational complex regulates mRNA-specific translation to control CNS regeneration","volume":"111","author":"Schaeffer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-023-00863-2","article-title":"The pentose phosphate pathway in health and disease","volume":"5","author":"TeSlaa","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2021.07.009","article-title":"Injury-induced autophagy delays axonal regeneration after optic nerve damage in adult zebrafish","volume":"470","author":"Beckers","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibs.2015.12.001","article-title":"The Warburg effect: how does it benefit cancer cells?","volume":"41","author":"Liberti","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends Biochem. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1160809","article-title":"Understanding the Warburg effect: the metabolic requirements of cell proliferation","volume":"324","author":"Heiden","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-020-0210-7","article-title":"The cell biology of mitochondrial membrane dynamics","volume":"21","author":"Giacomello","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1496","DOI":"10.1038\/s12276-020-00504-8","article-title":"Glutamine reliance in cell metabolism","volume":"52","author":"Yoo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-024-06939-5","article-title":"Oxidative cell death in cancer: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities","volume":"15","author":"An","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R63","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2009-10-6-r63","article-title":"The conservation and evolutionary modularity of metabolism","volume":"10","author":"Peregr\u00edn-Alvarez","year":"2009","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3040","DOI":"10.1039\/b901735f","article-title":"Identification of conoidin A as a covalent inhibitor of peroxiredoxin II","volume":"7","author":"Haraldsen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Org. Biomol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2109","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-06-2250","article-title":"A phase I pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study of PX-12, a novel inhibitor of thioredoxin-1, in patients with advanced solid tumors","volume":"13","author":"Ramanathan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1692","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2009.02.026","article-title":"Thioredoxin reductase: A target for gold compounds acting as potential anticancer drugs","volume":"253","author":"Bindoli","year":"2009","journal-title":"Coord. Chem. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3067","DOI":"10.1002\/1873-3468.13878","article-title":"Small molecule 3PO inhibits glycolysis but does not bind to 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase\/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase-3 (PFKFB3)","volume":"594","author":"Emini Veseli","year":"2020","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2017.01.002","article-title":"Discovering targets of non-enzymatic acylation by thioester reactivity profiling","volume":"24","author":"Kulkarni","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Chem. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1186\/2049-3002-1-19","article-title":"Quinoline 3-sulfonamides inhibit lactate dehydrogenase A and reverse aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells","volume":"1","author":"Billiard","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cancer Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabn4705","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abn4705","article-title":"Mitochondria metabolism sets the species-specific tempo of neuronal development","volume":"379","author":"Iwata","year":"2023","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21010234","article-title":"2-Deoxy-d-Glucose and its analogs: from diagnostic to therapeutic agents","volume":"21","author":"Pajak","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.71424","article-title":"Lactate is an energy substrate for rodent cortical neurons and enhances their firing activity","volume":"10","author":"Karagiannis","year":"2021","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib48","article-title":"Neurons require glucose uptake and glycolysis in vivo","volume":"42","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/0885-4505(92)90056-5","article-title":"Nonviability of cells with oxidative defects in galactose medium: A screening test for affected patient fibroblasts","volume":"48","author":"Robinson","year":"1992","journal-title":"Biochem. Med. Metab. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.10.4.8647345","article-title":"The Leloir pathway: a mechanistic imperative for three enzymes to change the stereochemical configuration of a single carbon in galactose","volume":"10","author":"Frey","year":"1996","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2017.08.013","article-title":"Successful optic nerve regeneration in the senescent zebrafish despite age-related decline of cell intrinsic and extrinsic response processes","volume":"60","author":"Van houcke","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00026.2020","article-title":"Regulation and metabolic functions of mTORC1 and mTORC2","volume":"101","author":"Szwed","year":"2021","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2016.11.025","article-title":"Mitochondria localize to injured axons to support regeneration","volume":"92","author":"Han","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2012.11.027","article-title":"TRAK\/Milton motor-adaptor proteins steer mitochondrial trafficking to axons and dendrites","volume":"77","author":"van Spronsen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00026.2013","article-title":"Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ROS-induced ROS release","volume":"94","author":"Zorov","year":"2014","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2016.03.002","article-title":"Traumatic axonal injury: mechanisms and translational opportunities","volume":"39","author":"Hill","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2539","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2015.11.032","article-title":"Wallerian degeneration is executed by an NMN-SARM1-dependent late Ca2+ influx but only modestly influenced by mitochondria","volume":"13","author":"Loreto","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6637","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0321-21.2021","article-title":"The axonal glycolytic pathway contributes to sensory axon extension and growth cone dynamics","volume":"41","author":"Ketschek","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn.2018.19","article-title":"Lactate in the brain: from metabolic end-product to signalling molecule","volume":"19","author":"Magistretti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-020-0689-4","article-title":"A glycolytic shift in Schwann cells supports injured axons","volume":"23","author":"Babetto","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2020.08.015","article-title":"Glial metabolic rewiring promotes axon regeneration and functional recovery in the central nervous system","volume":"32","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.201311","article-title":"Post-injury born oligodendrocytes incorporate into the glial scar and contribute to the inhibition of axon regeneration","volume":"150","author":"Xing","year":"2023","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.4103\/NRR.NRR-D-24-00621","article-title":"Zebrafish optic nerve regeneration involves resident and retinal oligodendrocytes","volume":"21","author":"P\u00e9rez-Montes","year":"2026","journal-title":"Neural Regen. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06935-3","article-title":"A molecular switch for neuroprotective astrocyte reactivity","volume":"626","author":"Cameron","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2015.04.013","article-title":"Metabolic gene expression changes in astrocytes in Multiple Sclerosis cerebral cortex are indicative of immune-mediated signaling","volume":"48","author":"Zeis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2696","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.22093","article-title":"Sustained hydrogen peroxide stress decreases lactate production by cultured astrocytes","volume":"87","author":"Liddell","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3574","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23073574","article-title":"TKTL1 knockdown impairs hypoxia-induced glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase overexpression","volume":"23","author":"Baptista","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a040576","article-title":"Lipid metabolism","volume":"13","author":"Chandel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm.2015.11","article-title":"Protein prenylation: unique fats make their mark on biology","volume":"17","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc.2016.76","article-title":"The interplay between cell signalling and the mevalonate pathway in cancer","volume":"16","author":"Mullen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2008.02.019","article-title":"Lipid rafts, cholesterol, and the brain","volume":"55","author":"Korade","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5483","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biochem.6b00342","article-title":"Cholesterol biosynthesis: a mechanistic overview","volume":"55","author":"Cerqueira","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-biochem-060815-014431","article-title":"Multiple functions and regulation of mammalian peroxiredoxins","volume":"86","author":"Rhee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3535","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.08-1716","article-title":"Protective effect of thioredoxins 1 and 2 in retinal ganglion cells after optic nerve transection and oxidative stress","volume":"49","author":"Munemasa","year":"2008","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2565","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.024943","article-title":"Enhancement of axonal regeneration by in vitro conditioning and its inhibition by cyclopentenone prostaglandins","volume":"121","author":"Tonge","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.317956","article-title":"Cholesterol synthesis inhibition or depletion in axon regeneration","volume":"17","author":"Tang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neural Regen. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.06.013","article-title":"Protein prenylation constitutes an endogenous brake on axonal growth","volume":"16","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2021.105259","article-title":"Cholesterol synthesis inhibition promotes axonal regeneration in the injured central nervous system","volume":"150","author":"Shabanzadeh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2314699121","article-title":"Local and dynamic regulation of neuronal glycolysis in vivo","volume":"121","author":"Wolfe","year":"2024","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2113929118","article-title":"The translatome of neuronal cell bodies, dendrites, and axons","volume":"118","author":"Glock","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.05.029","article-title":"Dynamic axonal translation in developing and mature visual circuits","volume":"166","author":"Shigeoka","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2013.02.005","article-title":"Proteoglycan-mediated axon degeneration corrects pretarget topographic sorting errors","volume":"78","author":"Poulain","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2015.00118","article-title":"Characterization of optic nerve regeneration using transgenic zebrafish","volume":"9","author":"Diekmann","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-019-0470-3","article-title":"Moving beyond P values: data analysis with estimation graphics","volume":"16","author":"Ho","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-014-0550-8","article-title":"Moderated estimation of fold change and dispersion for RNA-seq data with DESeq2","volume":"15","author":"Love","year":"2014","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib86","article-title":"Optimization of whole mount RNA multiplexed in situ hybridization chain reaction with immunohistochemistry, clearing and imaging to visualize octopus neurogenesis","author":"Elagoz","year":"2022","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib87","unstructured":"Andrews, S. (2010). FastQC: a quality control tool for high throughput sequence data. https:\/\/www.bioinformatics.babraham.ac.uk\/projects\/fastqc\/."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2019","article-title":"Fiji: an open-source platform for biological-image analysis","volume":"9","author":"Schindelin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1186\/s12859-023-05578-5","article-title":"pyComBat, a Python tool for batch effects correction in high-throughput molecular data using empirical Bayes methods","volume":"24","author":"Behdenna","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Bioinf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-80308-y","article-title":"A novel retinal ganglion cell quantification tool based on deep learning","volume":"11","author":"Masin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.453","article-title":"Scikit-image: Image processing in python","volume":"2","author":"Van Der Walt","year":"2014","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts635","article-title":"STAR: ultrafast universal RNA-seq aligner","volume":"29","author":"Dobin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib93","unstructured":"Masin, L. (2021). Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration: tectal-reinnervation-zebrafish. GitLab. https:\/\/gitlab.com\/NCDRlab\/tectal-reinnervation-zebrafish."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib94","unstructured":"Babraham Bioinformatics. Trim Galore!. https:\/\/www.bioinformatics.babraham.ac.uk\/projects\/trim_galore\/."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gep.2008.05.002","article-title":"3.6 kb Genomic sequence from Takifugu capable of promoting axon growth-associated gene expression in developing and regenerating zebrafish neurons","volume":"8","author":"Udvadia","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gene Expr. Patterns"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2023.1196504","article-title":"A new microfluidic model to study dendritic remodeling and mitochondrial dynamics during axonal regeneration of adult zebrafish retinal neurons","volume":"16","author":"Van Dyck","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-3012-9_9","article-title":"Analysis of axonal regrowth and dendritic remodeling after optic nerve crush in adult zebrafish","volume":"2636","author":"Beckers","year":"2023","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib98","first-page":"2825","article-title":"Scikit-learn: machine learning in Python","volume":"12","author":"Pedregosa","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Mach. Learn. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib99","article-title":"Third-generation in situ hybridization chain reaction: Multiplexed, quantitative, sensitive, versatile, robust","volume":"145","author":"Choi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Development (Cambridge)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.14192","article-title":"Age-related dysregulation of the retinal transcriptome in African turquoise killifish","volume":"23","author":"Bergmans","year":"2024","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1177\/1087057112471989","article-title":"Automated analysis of neurite outgrowth in mouse retinal explants","volume":"18","author":"Gaublomme","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Biomol. Screen"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631_bib102","unstructured":"OpenCV. OpenCV - Open Computer Vision Library. https:\/\/opencv.org\/."}],"container-title":["iScience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589004225018929?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589004225018929?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T17:45:18Z","timestamp":1771609518000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2589004225018929"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":102,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S2589004225018929"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631","relation":{},"ISSN":["2589-0042"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2589-0042","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Successful axonal regeneration is associated with intraneuronal metabolic reprogramming","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"iScience","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113631","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"113631"}}