{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T01:15:10Z","timestamp":1788225310219,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":191,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,24]],"date-time":"2026-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779580800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003996","name":"Kunming Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024XKTDTS16"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024XKTDTS16"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003996","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["72264019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["72264019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82360670"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82360670"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["iScience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T08:49:24Z","timestamp":1782377364000},"page":"116307","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ethnic differences in health outcomes of Chinese children and adolescents: A comparative meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Hailiang","family":"Ran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0973-6191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junwei","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusan","family":"Che","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Die","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiongxian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanyu","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yandie","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guiqing","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuqing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2441-7209","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuanyuan","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)00345-7","article-title":"Indigenous and tribal peoples\u2019 health (The Lancet-Lowitja Institute Global Collaboration): a population study","volume":"388","author":"Anderson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)66801-8","article-title":"Indigenous peoples\u2019 health--why are they behind everyone, everywhere?","volume":"366","author":"Stephens","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMhpr051833","article-title":"The effect of China\u2019s one-child family policy after 25 years","volume":"353","author":"Hesketh","year":"2005","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e39","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(17)30445-X","article-title":"Ethnicity and maternal and child health outcomes and service coverage in western China: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Glob. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib9","first-page":"327","article-title":"The current malnutrition status of five-year-old children in four poverty-stricken counties of Yunnan Province","volume":"19","author":"Qiu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Zhongguo Sheng Yu Jian Kang Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib10","first-page":"583","article-title":"Analysis on the nutritional status of pupils in poor areas of Yanbian, Jilin Province","volume":"36","author":"Guo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xue Xiao Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib11","first-page":"485","article-title":"Cross-sectional study on health status of preschool children of different ethnic groups in Linxiang district, Yunnan Province","volume":"30","author":"Hong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Zhongguo Er Tong Bao Jian Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib12","first-page":"236","article-title":"Association of dietary diversity with growth and development of children in multi-ethnic rural areas of Sichuan Province","volume":"44","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib13","first-page":"1121","article-title":"Epidemic characteristics of depressive symptoms among middle school students in ethnic areas of Yunnan Province","volume":"32","author":"Huang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xue Xiao Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib14","first-page":"1467","article-title":"Correlation analysis of school bullying and depressive symptoms among multi-ethnic adolescents in western China","volume":"43","author":"Tang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xue Xiao Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1565","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(25)01635-6","article-title":"The global, regional, and national burden of cancer, 1990-2023, with forecasts to 2050: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023","volume":"406","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-4642(25)00303-7","article-title":"Quantifying the fatal and non-fatal burden of disease associated with child growth failure, 2000-2023: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023","volume":"10","year":"2026","journal-title":"Lancet Child Adolesc. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1388","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00394-9","article-title":"Revisiting maternal and child undernutrition in low-income and middle-income countries: variable progress towards an unfinished agenda","volume":"397","author":"Victora","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1038\/s41366-022-01236-7","article-title":"American Indian Alaska Native (AIAN) adolescents and obesity: the influence of social determinants of health, mental health, and substance use","volume":"47","author":"Johnson-Jennings","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Obes."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1294","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2023.4218","article-title":"Patterns of Social Determinants of Health and Child Mental Health, Cognition, and Physical Health","volume":"177","author":"Xiao","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib20","first-page":"226","article-title":"Investigation and prevention of nutritional iron deficiency anemia in children of Daur, Mongolia and Kirgiz in Xinjiang","volume":"12","author":"Hao","year":"1990","journal-title":"Shi He Zi Yi Xue Yuan Xue Bao"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib21","first-page":"77","article-title":"Investigation on iron nutrition and anemia in children of various ethnic groups in rural Guizhou Province","volume":"19","author":"Wang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Zhong Guo Gong Gong Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib22","first-page":"504","article-title":"Risk Factors for Accidental Injuries among Middle and Primary Schools Students in Ningxia","volume":"23","author":"Zhao","year":"2002","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xue Xiao Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib23","first-page":"339","article-title":"On nutritional conditions of 2689 students of Han and Mongolian in mid-primary in countryside of eastern region of Inner Mongolia","volume":"17","author":"Lin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nei Meng Gu Min Zu Da Xue Xue Bao (Zi Ran Ke Xue Ban)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib24","first-page":"1512","article-title":"Prevalence of common diseases among primary and secondary school students of Hani nationality and Han Nationality in Honghe Prefecture","volume":"33","author":"Tan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xue Xiao Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib25","first-page":"364","article-title":"Nutritional status of students of Dongxiang Nationality in 2000 in Gansu Province","volume":"24","author":"Gao","year":"2003","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xue Xiao Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib26","first-page":"430","article-title":"Analysis on nutritional status of primary and middle school students of different nationalities in Qinghai Province","volume":"25","author":"Cao","year":"2004","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xue Xiao Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib27","first-page":"40","article-title":"An epidemiological survey of malnutrition among Han and Li nationality children aged from 7 months to 7 years in Hainan Province","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Zhonghua Liuxingbingxue Zazhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib28","first-page":"1020","article-title":"A comparative study of mental health among medical school students of different ethnic groups in different ethnic groups minority areas","volume":"22","author":"Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Zhonghua Xing Wei Yi Xue Yu Nao Ke Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib29","first-page":"7","article-title":"Investigation and analysis of mental health status of 4165 middle school students","volume":"30","author":"Abdurah","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ji Bing Yu Fang Kong Zhi Tong Bao"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2133","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-022-14600-z","article-title":"Analysis of characteristics and forecast of unintentional injury deaths of children under age 5 from 2013 to 2019 in Sichuan, China","volume":"22","author":"Hu","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib31","first-page":"87","article-title":"Analysis and investigation of obesity factors among school age children of Uygur, Kazakh, Hui and Han nationality in Xinjiang","volume":"33","author":"Xu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Xinjiang Yi Xue"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib32","first-page":"2368","article-title":"Current situation and changing trend of malnutrition in children aged 3-6 in Yunnan Province","volume":"21","author":"Li","year":"2006","journal-title":"Zhongguo Fu You Bao Jian"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-022-12875-w","article-title":"Prevalence and associated factors for stunting, underweight and wasting among children under 6 years of age in rural Hunan Province, China: a community-based cross-sectional study","volume":"22","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib34","first-page":"93","article-title":"Comparison of mental health of Wa and Han students coping with life events in Awa mountain area","volume":"33","author":"Shen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xue Xiao Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib35","first-page":"424","article-title":"Epidemic status and secular trends of malnutrition among children and adolescents aged 7-18 years from 2005 to 2014 in China","volume":"49","author":"Dong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib36","first-page":"1219","article-title":"Analysis of the current status and related factors for anemia among students in Ningxia Hui and Han Nationality","volume":"27","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Zhongguo Er Tong Bao Jian Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib37","first-page":"773","article-title":"An epidemiological survey on the incidence of non-fatal injury and influencing factors among children under 5 years old in China","volume":"32","author":"Hu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Zhonghua Liuxingbingxue Zazhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib38","first-page":"491","article-title":"Analysis of behavioral risk factors for overweight and obesity among children and adolescents (7-17 years old) in China","volume":"30","author":"Zhu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Zhong Guo Man Xing Bing Yu Fang Yu Kong Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15020283","article-title":"Depressive Symptoms of Chinese Children: Prevalence and Correlated Factors among Subgroups","volume":"15","author":"Zhou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib40","first-page":"2748","article-title":"3-6 years old children\u2019s injuries in Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, 2014","volume":"44","author":"Lian","year":"2017","journal-title":"Xian Dai Yu Fang. Yi Xue"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib41","series-title":"Dynamic Analysis on Physical Fitness of Primary and Middle School Students with Tibetan and Han in Hezuo 2013-2017","author":"Bai","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1989","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2004.044768","article-title":"Nonfatal injuries among middle-school and high-school students in Guangxi, China","volume":"95","author":"Chen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2017.09.051","article-title":"Prevalence of and risk factors for non-suicidal self-injury in rural China: Results from a nationwide survey in China","volume":"226","author":"Tang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib44","series-title":"A Study on the Adiposity Rebound Age of Uygur, Han, Kazak and Impact Factors of Childhood Overweight\/obesity Among Children in Xinjiang","author":"Wu","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib45","series-title":"The Study of Nutritional Status in Children of Han and Uygur in Xinjiang","author":"Ma","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib46","first-page":"919","article-title":"Prevalence and Characteristic Study on Overweight and Obesity in Chinese Secondary School Students","volume":"23","author":"Tan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Zhong Guo Lin Chuang Xin Li Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib47","first-page":"697","article-title":"A cross-section survey on adolescent harm in Benxi City, 2013","volume":"23","author":"Niu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Shi Yong Yu Fang Yi Xue"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib48","first-page":"808","article-title":"Status of cyberbullying among children and adolescents and its correlation with anxiety and depressive symptoms","volume":"49","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Xian Dai Yu Fang. Yi Xue"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib49","article-title":"Analysis of the nutritional status and its influencing factors among children under 5 years old in poor rural areas of China","author":"Qian","year":"2012","journal-title":"Zhong Nan Da Xue"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib50","first-page":"85","article-title":"Analysis on Nutritional Status of Children under Three Years of Age in the Poor Rural Area of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region","volume":"9","author":"Dang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Zhongguo Er Tong Bao Jian Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib51","author":"Jia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib52","first-page":"2712","article-title":"Survey and analysis on feeding and nutritional status of infants aged 6-23 months in poor rural areas in Qinghai Province","volume":"31","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Zhongguo Fu You Bao Jian"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib53","first-page":"534","article-title":"Analysis on nutritional and health status of children under 6 years old in 3 quake-stricken counties in Sichuan Province","volume":"26","author":"Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Yu Fang Yi Xue Qing Bao Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib54","first-page":"960","article-title":"Statue of static behavior and its association with overweight and obesity in adolescents from agricultural and pastoral areas of Xinjiang","volume":"30","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Zhongguo Er Tong Bao Jian Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib55","first-page":"921","article-title":"Analysis on Risk factors of suicide behavior of junior middle school students in rural Zunyi","volume":"37","author":"Ou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xue Xiao Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib56","first-page":"1223","article-title":"A survey of emotional problems among primary school students in Lingwu City, Ningxia","volume":"37","author":"Xu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ningxia Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib57","first-page":"23","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors for suicide ideation among middle school students in Guizhou Province","volume":"40","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xue Xiao Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib58","first-page":"1147","article-title":"Analysis on epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of overweight, obesity children and adolescents of different minorities in China","volume":"37","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xue Xiao Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib59","first-page":"260","article-title":"Study on anemia of 6-35 months old children in 46 counties of midwestern China","volume":"17","author":"Zhang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Zhongguo Er Tong Bao Jian Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib60","first-page":"34","article-title":"A survey on anemia among children under 7 years of age from 15 minority ethnic group in Yunnan","volume":"51","author":"Yao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib61","first-page":"5560","article-title":"Nutritional status and influencing factors of infants aged 6 to 24 months in poverty-stricken areas of Ningxia","volume":"33","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Zhongguo Fu You Bao Jian"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib62","article-title":"Investigation of non-suicidal self-injure and influencing factors among rural middle school students","author":"Ma","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hua Zhong Ke Ji Da Xue"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib63","first-page":"2396","article-title":"Survey of anemia among preschool children in three cities of Guangxi","volume":"24","author":"Qiu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Zhongguo Fu You Bao Jian"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib64","first-page":"74","article-title":"The nutritional status of preschool children in 101 relatively poor counties in China","volume":"25","author":"Li","year":"1996","journal-title":"Wei Sheng Yan Jiu"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib65","first-page":"5084","article-title":"Analysis on anemia status and influencing factors of 0-6-year-old children in Wuzhong city of Ningxia","volume":"29","author":"Mao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Zhongguo Fu You Bao Jian"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib66","first-page":"660","article-title":"Nutritional status of primary and Middle School students of different ethnic groups in Guizhou Province in 2014","volume":"30","author":"Su","year":"2016","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xiao Yi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib67","first-page":"160","article-title":"Analysis of dietary and nutritional status of primary and secondary school students of 7 ethnic groups in Xinjiang","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"1994","journal-title":"Zhong Guo Gong Gong Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib68","first-page":"82","article-title":"Investigation and analysis of anemia among students of different nationalities in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps","volume":"17","author":"Liu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Zhongguo Chu Ji Wei Sheng Bao Jian"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib69","first-page":"31","article-title":"Study of child feeding and growth and development in poverty counties of north-west five provinces of China","volume":"15","author":"An","year":"2001","journal-title":"Zhongguo Chu Ji Wei Sheng Bao Jian"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib70","article-title":"A prevalence study of iron deficiency anemia and its risk factors of pre-school children in 3 cities in Guangxi","author":"Huang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Guangxi Yi Ke Da Xue"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-14-121","article-title":"A survey of undernutrition in children under three years of age in rural Western China","volume":"14","author":"Pei","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000001516","article-title":"Anthropometric Measures of 9- to 10-Year-Old Native Tibetan Children Living at 3700 and 4300 m Above Sea Level and Han Chinese Living at 3700 m","volume":"94","author":"Bianba","year":"2015","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib73","first-page":"205","article-title":"Nutritional status of children and adolescents of school age children from different ethnic groups in Rongshui, Guangxi","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Zhonghua Jian Kang Guan Li Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib74","article-title":"Survey on nutritional knowledge, attitude, practice and nutritional status among primary and middle school students of Mongolian and Han in Bayannaoer, Inner Mongolia","author":"Gong","year":"2009","journal-title":"Shandong Da Xue"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib75","article-title":"Comparative study on the distribution characteristics of physical growth and development indexes of Korean-Chinese and Han-Chinese students in Yanbian area","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Yanbian Da Xue"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib76","article-title":"Association studies in Ningxia Hui and Han children obesity and its current situation and Ghrelin gene polymorphism","author":"Zhou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ningxia Yi Ke Da Xue"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib77","article-title":"Study on nutrition status of Yanji rural students in elementary school and junior high school","author":"Yin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Yanbian Da Xue"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib78","first-page":"1010","article-title":"Relationship between serum free fatty acid\/body mass index and metabolic syndrome among pupils in Yanbian Area","volume":"38","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xue Xiao Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib79","first-page":"1001","article-title":"Relationship between depression symptoms and social support among high school students in Yunnan Province","volume":"31","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Zhong Guo Gong Gong Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib80","first-page":"157","article-title":"Study on iron deficiency in children of four ethnic groups in Yili region of Xinjiang","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"1989","journal-title":"Shi He Zi Yi Xue Yuan Xue Bao"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib81","first-page":"751","article-title":"Factors associated with malnutrition among infants and young children aged 6-23 months in poor rural areas in Hunan Province, China","volume":"51","author":"Zhou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Zhonghua Yufang Yixue Zazhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib82","article-title":"Investigation of the nutritional status, nutrition knowledge and diet behaviour of middle school students in the Yongning county, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lanzhou Da Xue"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib83","first-page":"552","article-title":"Relationship between nutritional status and breakfast behaviors of rural primary and middle school students in a minority area of a city in Guizhou Province in 2019","volume":"50","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Wei Sheng Yan Jiu"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib84","first-page":"1253","article-title":"Epidemic characteristics of overweight and obesity among primary and middle school students in Ningxia","volume":"37","author":"Niu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xue Xiao Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib85","first-page":"1219","article-title":"Anemia prevalence and its influencing factors for the infants aged 6-23 months in poor areas in Gansu Province","volume":"23","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Zhonghua Ji Bing Kong Zhi Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib86","first-page":"507","article-title":"Nutritional status of primary and middle school students in Pu\u2019er County","volume":"23","author":"Lin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xue Xiao Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib87","first-page":"1694","article-title":"Comparative study of prevalence of anemia in Han and Li minority students from poor areas of Hainan Province","volume":"38","author":"Zhao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xue Xiao Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib88","first-page":"420","article-title":"Trends and risk factors of anxiety among minority students in Yunnan Province","volume":"34","author":"Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xue Xiao Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib89","series-title":"Analysis of Physical Examination Results of Primary and Middle School Students in Mengzi City of Yunnan Province from 2014-2019","author":"Ma","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib90","first-page":"1910","article-title":"Epidemic trend of overweight and obesity among Hui Han children and adolescents in Ningxia","volume":"37","author":"Niu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xue Xiao Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib91","first-page":"27","article-title":"Epidemiological characteristics of unintentional injuries among preschool children in urban nurseries school in Inner Mongolia","volume":"10","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Shanghai Yi Xue Dian Zi Ban"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib92","first-page":"5063","article-title":"Survey on malnutrition among children under 5 years old in rural and urban areas of Chuxiong","volume":"22","author":"Sheng","year":"2007","journal-title":"Zhongguo Fu You Bao Jian"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib93","first-page":"9","article-title":"Detection rates of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents with different ethnicities in Xinjiang Uygur area","volume":"35","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"Zhonghua Liuxingbingxue Zazhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib94","article-title":"Double burden of malnutrition among children under 5 in poor areas of China","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib95","first-page":"40","article-title":"Analysis of hemoglobin levels in children under 5 years old from different regions and nationalities in Gansu Province","volume":"16","author":"Ge","year":"2002","journal-title":"Zhongguo Chu Ji Wei Sheng Bao Jian"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib96","first-page":"84","article-title":"Analysis on nutritional status of children in poor counties of the northwest","volume":"19","author":"Li","year":"2003","journal-title":"Zhong Guo Gong Gong Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib97","first-page":"194","article-title":"Comparison of behavioral problems between Han and Zang nationality in middle school students","volume":"12","author":"He","year":"2000","journal-title":"Shanghai Jing Shen Yi Xue"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib98","first-page":"230","article-title":"Study on status of nutrition in children under three years old in rural area in China","volume":"29","author":"Cui","year":"2008","journal-title":"Zhonghua Liuxingbingxue Zazhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib99","first-page":"29","article-title":"Different ethnic diets and anemia and iron deficiency in children","volume":"16","author":"Xu","year":"1994","journal-title":"Shi He Zi Yi Xue Yuan Xue Bao"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib100","article-title":"The research of nutrition knowledge attitude behavior and effect factors in Urumqi middle school of Han, Uighur, Kazakh clan","author":"Wu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Xinjiang Yi Ke Da Xue."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib101","first-page":"257","article-title":"A survey on the mental health of Xizang adolescents studying in Shashi","volume":"3","author":"Jin","year":"1989","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xin Li Wei Sheng Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib102","first-page":"42","article-title":"Survey on obesity of primary and middle school students in Manas County in 2004","volume":"21","author":"Cheng","year":"2006","journal-title":"Di Fang Bing Tong Bao"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib103","article-title":"The differences of depressive symptoms between Zhuang and Han high-grade pupils and implications for education","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hunan Ke Ji Da Xue"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114517002720","article-title":"The dietary diversity and stunting prevalence in minority children under 3 years old: a cross-sectional study in forty-two counties of Western China","volume":"118","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib105","first-page":"395","article-title":"Percentile reference values for anthropometric indices in multi-ethnic students aged 7-18 in Yunnan","volume":"37","author":"Wei","year":"2016","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xue Xiao Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib106","first-page":"29","article-title":"Investigation and analysis on the health status of 3513 Tibetan and Han children in high altitude area","volume":"20","author":"Han","year":"1999","journal-title":"Xi Bei Guo Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib107","first-page":"136","article-title":"The prevalence of overweight and obesity in Han and Uygur primary school students in Aksu city","volume":"36","author":"Luo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xue Xiao Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib108","first-page":"265","article-title":"Investigation and analysis of iron deficiency anemia in 3 \u223c 6 years old children in Baijiantan District, Karamay City, Xinjiang Province","volume":"6","author":"Zhang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Zhongguo Shi Yong Yi Yao"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-78042-6","article-title":"Assessment of the nutritional status of 6-36-month-old infants in Xinjiang and analysis of the influencing factors","volume":"10","author":"Wei","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib110","first-page":"594","article-title":"Analysis of monitoring results of anemia in 627 preschool children in Qinghai Province","volume":"31","author":"Zhou","year":"2010","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xue Xiao Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib111","first-page":"2496","article-title":"Analysis of anemia in children under 6 years old in a certain area","volume":"32","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Guo Ji Jian Yan Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib112","article-title":"Study on status and influence of accident injury in school-aged children in Hunan rural","author":"Yang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hunan Shi Fan Da Xue"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib113","first-page":"1437","article-title":"Study on the depression symptoms and associated factors among the rural secondary school students of Yunnan","volume":"39","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Xian Dai Yu Fang. Yi Xue"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib114","first-page":"3636","article-title":"A survey of malnutrition and obesity among 15 endemic ethnic minorities aged 0 to 6 years in Yunnan Province","volume":"28","author":"Yu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Zhongguo Fu You Bao Jian"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2022.114649","article-title":"Associations between school bullying and anxiety in children and adolescents from an ethnic autonomous county in China","volume":"314","author":"Gong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib116","first-page":"2836","article-title":"Investigation of overweight and obesity in school children of Hui and Han of Wuzhong","volume":"24","author":"Tao","year":"2009","journal-title":"Zhongguo Fu You Bao Jian"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib117","first-page":"1","article-title":"Investigation and analysis of iron deficiency among Han and Li nationality children aged from July to 7 years in Hainan Province","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xiao Er Xue Ye"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib118","first-page":"1109","article-title":"Analysis on current nutritional status of primary and middle school students of different nationalities in Guizhou Province","volume":"28","author":"Chen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xue Xiao Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib119","first-page":"105","article-title":"Investigation and analysis of anemia among primary and middle school students of different nationalities in Heshuo County, Xinjiang","volume":"19","author":"Liang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Zhi Ye Yu Jian Kang"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib120","first-page":"18","article-title":"Investigation and analysis of anemia in Oroqen Banner children","volume":"21","author":"Zhou","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nei Meng Gu Yu Fang Yi Xue"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib121","first-page":"346","article-title":"Ethnic differences on nutritional status of children under 3 years old in poor counties of the western China","volume":"34","author":"Qu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Zhonghua Liuxingbingxue Zazhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1080\/13557858.2014.921894","article-title":"Overweight, high blood pressure and impaired fasting glucose in Uyghur, Han, and Kazakh Chinese children and adolescents","volume":"20","author":"Yan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ethn. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib123","first-page":"502","article-title":"Relationship between physical activity screen time and sleep duration and overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region","volume":"43","author":"Lv","year":"2022","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xue Xiao Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib124","first-page":"1159","article-title":"Analysis on the status of anemia among children under 3 years old in 10 provinces in western China","volume":"28","author":"Cui","year":"2007","journal-title":"Zhonghua Liuxingbingxue Zazhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib125","first-page":"972","article-title":"Association of non-suicidal self-injury with Internet addictive behavior among adolescents","volume":"40","author":"Ma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xue Xiao Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib126","first-page":"47","article-title":"Analysis on the prevalence of anemia among children under 3-year-old in 5 provinces in Western China","volume":"25","author":"Zeng","year":"2004","journal-title":"Zhonghua Liuxingbingxue Zazhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib127","first-page":"59","article-title":"Analysis on the incidence survey of iron deficiency anemia children under 3-year-old in Akeqi county, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region","volume":"27","author":"Zhu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Yi Xue Yu She Hui"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib128","first-page":"162","article-title":"Analysis on mental health status and influencing factors of high school students","volume":"28","author":"Ye","year":"2016","journal-title":"Zhejiang Yu Fang Yi Xue"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib129","first-page":"222","article-title":"A survey of anemia in 1043 children in prefectural nurseries in Bozhou, Xinjiang","volume":"11","author":"Shamissinur","year":"2003","journal-title":"Zhongguo Er Tong Bao Jian Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib130","article-title":"The research on the accidental injuries of elementary and middle school students and the society\u2019s awareness","author":"Ma","year":"2008","journal-title":"Shandong Da Xue"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib131","first-page":"390","article-title":"Analysis on anemia status and its influence factors among rural children under 3 years old in 4 provinces of Midwest China","volume":"29","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Zhongguo Jian Kang Jiao Yu"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib132","first-page":"66","article-title":"Investigation of nutritional iron deficiency anemia in children of three nationalities in Bolle area","volume":"11","author":"Hao","year":"1989","journal-title":"Shi He Zi Yi Xue Yuan Xue Bao"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib133","first-page":"747","article-title":"Prevalence of permanent teeth caries and related influencing factors in Ningxia in 2014","volume":"39","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xue Xiao Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib134","first-page":"866","article-title":"The prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents in China","volume":"21","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Zhonghua Ji Bing Kong Zhi Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib135","article-title":"The study on rural children\u2019s health status and the influence factors in the concentrated destitute areas of Hubei Province","author":"Tu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hua Zhong Ke Ji Da Xue"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib136","first-page":"75","article-title":"Prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in children under 5 years of age in Karamay City","volume":"32","author":"Kuerban","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ji Bing Yu Fang Kong Zhi Tong Bao"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib137","first-page":"1569","article-title":"Prevalence of overweight and obesity among 7-15 years old primary and high school students in poor-stricken areas of Hainan Province","volume":"35","author":"Dong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Zhong Guo Gong Gong Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib138","first-page":"15","article-title":"A Psychological well-being study of high school students in the ethnic minority areas","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lin Chuang Jing Shen Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib139","first-page":"1881","article-title":"Prevalence and associated factor of obesity in children aged 3-6 years in Hebei Province","volume":"43","author":"Qin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xue Xiao Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib140","first-page":"621","article-title":"Analysis on the prevalence of anemia among infants in the poor rural areas of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region","volume":"17","author":"Zhang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Zhongguo Er Tong Bao Jian Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib141","first-page":"115","article-title":"Investigation on anemia and thalassemia in 0-7 years old children in Dehong of Yunnan province","volume":"22","author":"Xu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hainan Yi Xue"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib142","first-page":"1260","article-title":"Influencing factors for the unintentional injuries in the nurseries and kindergartens of Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture","volume":"26","author":"Ran","year":"2018","journal-title":"Zhongguo Er Tong Bao Jian Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib143","first-page":"187","article-title":"Investigation of iron deficiency in 617 primary schools in Fangshan district, Beijing","volume":"22","author":"Liu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Zhonghua Liuxingbingxue Zazhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib144","first-page":"308","article-title":"Association between copy number variations and risk of overweight\/obesity among Han, Uyghur, and Kazak children","volume":"20","author":"Ainiwaer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Zhong Guo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib145","first-page":"708","article-title":"Prevalence rate of simple obesity among the children of school age in Urumqi","volume":"33","author":"Yu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Xin Jiang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib146","article-title":"Nutritional status and influencing factors of children 0-5 years old in Hainan Province","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hainan Yi Xue Yuan"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib147","first-page":"207","article-title":"Comparison of nutritional status between She Han primary and secondary school students in Jingning County","volume":"26","author":"Liu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xue Xiao Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib148","first-page":"1302","article-title":"Prevalence and influencing factors of anemia among 6-23 months old children in poor rural areas","volume":"33","author":"Zhou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Zhong Guo Gong Gong Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib149","first-page":"42","article-title":"Epidemiological survey of anxiety among adolescent of seven nationalities in Yunnan Province","volume":"30","author":"Hu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xue Xiao Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1038\/ejcn.2014.98","article-title":"Poor complementary feeding practices and high anaemia prevalence among infants and young children in rural central and western China","volume":"68","author":"Hipgrave","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib151","first-page":"622","article-title":"Analysis on influencing factors of self-awareness of rural children in poor minority areas","volume":"27","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Zhong Guo Gong Gong Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib152","first-page":"1044","article-title":"Current status of parental feeding behaviors in Urumqi, China, and its association with body mass index of children","volume":"20","author":"Lin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Zhong Guo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib153","article-title":"Survey on feeding, growth and determinants among minority intants in Inner Mongolian","author":"Guan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Shandong Da Xue"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib154","first-page":"68","article-title":"A survey on the nutritional status of primary and middle school students in 44 League from 2002 to 2005","volume":"15","author":"Tang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xiang Cun Yi Yao"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib155","first-page":"103","article-title":"Investigation and analysis of anemia in children under 7 years old in Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture","volume":"24","author":"Lian","year":"2009","journal-title":"Zhongguo Fu You Bao Jian"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib156","first-page":"7","article-title":"Nutrition status of children under 3 years in four poor countries of Guizhou Province","volume":"26","author":"Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Zhong Guo Gong Gong Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib157","first-page":"1083","article-title":"Association between MRAS gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to obesity in school-age children aged 6-13 years in Shawan County","volume":"34","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hainan Yi Xue"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib158","first-page":"886","article-title":"Analysis on the current situation and effect factors of anemia among the children under six years in rural areas of Hainan province","volume":"27","author":"Zhu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Zhongguo Fu You Bao Jian"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib159","first-page":"523","article-title":"Investigation and analysis about depression in adolescents learning in Kuitun city of XinJiang Province or other inland cities","volume":"47","author":"Qu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Xinjiang Yi Xue"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib160","first-page":"251","article-title":"Malnutrition among primary and middle school students in poverty areas of Hainan Province","volume":"26","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Shi Yong Yu Fang Yi Xue"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib161","first-page":"41","article-title":"Physical development and the age of fat reunion of Uygur and Han children under 7 years old in Urumuqi in 2015","volume":"47","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Wei Sheng Yan Jiu"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib162","first-page":"128","volume":"35","author":"Ruan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Youjiang Min Zu Yi Xue Yuan Xue Bao"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib163","first-page":"776","article-title":"Relationship between sedentary behavior with overweight and obesity among middle school students of different nationalities in Aba Prefecture","volume":"42","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xue Xiao Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib164","first-page":"471","article-title":"A cross-sectional study of dental caries and obesity in three minority children in Bozhou of Xinjiang","volume":"34","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lin Chuang Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib165","first-page":"733","article-title":"Nutritional status of primary and Middle School students of different ethnic groups in Guizhou Province in 2010","volume":"35","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xue Xiao Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-031021","article-title":"Prevalence and causes of anaemia in children aged 6-23 months in rural Qinghai, China: findings from a cross-sectional study","volume":"9","author":"Huang","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib167","first-page":"59","article-title":"Study on the relationship between the body mass index and body appearance function and diathesis indexes in Ningxia adolescents","volume":"31","author":"Zhou","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ningxia Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2022.111864","article-title":"Anemia prevalence among ethnic minority schoolchildren in an undeveloped city in southwest China","volume":"106","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib169","first-page":"73","article-title":"Analysis on nutritional status of children under three years of age in the poor rural areas of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region","volume":"24","author":"Kang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Xi\u2019an Jiao Tong Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib170","first-page":"77","article-title":"Analysis of nutritional status of primary and middle school students in Guangxi in 2021","volume":"29","author":"Dong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ying Yong Yu Fang Yi Xue"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib171","article-title":"The research on the correlation between the growth and development speed and IGF for Guangxi Han, Zhuang and Yao children","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Guangxi Yi Ke Da Xue"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib172","first-page":"738","article-title":"Diet and nutritional status of preschool children of different ethnic groups in Gansu Province","volume":"35","author":"Bu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xue Xiao Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib173","first-page":"289","article-title":"Growth status of children under 7 years in Wuzhong City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China and its influential factors","volume":"15","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Zhong Guo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib174","first-page":"704","article-title":"Comparison of four kinds of body mass index classification standards for evaluating the incidence rates of overweight and obesity among 3-9-year-old children of Han nationality and Uyghur nationality in Xinjiang","volume":"30","author":"Jiang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Zhongguo Fu You Bao Jian"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib175","first-page":"406","article-title":"The study on relationship of body mass index and blood pressure of adolescent in Yinchuan","volume":"28","author":"Yang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ningxia Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib176","article-title":"Malnutrition and its influential factors in children at age of 6-24 months in poverty-stricken areas in Gansu Province","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lanzhou Da Xue"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib177","article-title":"Prevalence of IDA and its effect on IQ development of Han and Dongxiang nationality school-aged children in Lanzhou and Dongxiang","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lanzhou Da Xue"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib178","first-page":"555","article-title":"Analyses of the prevalence changes of overweight and obesity in Hui and Han students in Ningxia","volume":"33","author":"Xu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xue Xiao Wei Sheng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib179","first-page":"7","article-title":"Investigation and analysis of body fat status of 7-17 years old Xibe and Han students in Liaoning Province","volume":"8","author":"Zhou","year":"1994","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xiao Yi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib180","series-title":"China: A Case Study in Rapid Poverty Reduction","first-page":"149","author":"Hannum","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chieco.2006.04.003","article-title":"Geography and educational inequality in China","volume":"17","author":"Hannum","year":"2006","journal-title":"China Econ. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib182","first-page":"27","article-title":"Double burden of malnutrition among children and adolescents aged 6-17 years in 15 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) of China in 1991-2015","volume":"52","author":"Hu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Wei Sheng Yan Jiu"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib183","article-title":"Stunting, wasting, overweight and their coexistence among children under 7 years in the context of the social rapidly developing: Findings from a population-based survey in nine cities of China in 2016","volume":"16","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib184","first-page":"1","article-title":"Multiple analysis of the nutritional status of children and adolescents in Western China","author":"Sun","year":"2026","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2281","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-025-23530-5","article-title":"Sports-related factors and stunting in children under 5 years old: a cross-sectional study across 471 counties in 31 provincial regions of China","volume":"25","author":"Pan","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2025.11.009","article-title":"Prevalence and Determinants of the Double Burden of Malnutrition Among Adolescents in Nine Low- and Middle-Income Countries","volume":"78","author":"Zhao","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Adolesc. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2025.112112","article-title":"Health experiences and inequalities across intersecting social identities in health research: a scoping review","volume":"191","author":"Alexander-Sefre","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Clin. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.12.094","article-title":"Social indicators with serious injury and school bullying victimization in vulnerable adolescents aged 12-15 years: Data from the Global School-Based Student Survey","volume":"324","author":"Ran","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2020.07.023","article-title":"Adolescent Health and Healthy China 2030: A Review","volume":"67","author":"Dong","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Adolesc. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32473-0","article-title":"Economic effects of the double burden of malnutrition","volume":"395","author":"Nugent","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1115","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(24)00245-7","article-title":"Public health interventions against childhood obesity in China","volume":"9","author":"Yuan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib193","article-title":"PRISMA 2020 explanation and elaboration: updated guidance and exemplars for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib195","author":"Appendix"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2567","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32558-3","article-title":"Health impacts of parental migration on left-behind children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"392","author":"Fellmeth","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307_bib197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1007\/s11121-021-01246-3","article-title":"Meta-analysis with Robust Variance Estimation: Expanding the Range of Working Models","volume":"23","author":"Pustejovsky","year":"2022","journal-title":"Prev. Sci."}],"container-title":["iScience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589004226016822?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589004226016822?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:46:18Z","timestamp":1788223578000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2589004226016822"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":191,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S2589004226016822"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307","relation":{},"ISSN":["2589-0042"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2589-0042","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Ethnic differences in health outcomes of Chinese children and adolescents: A comparative meta-analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"iScience","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116307","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"116307"}}