{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,9]],"date-time":"2026-11-09T18:22:41Z","timestamp":1794248561262,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":99,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781827200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002301","name":"Estonian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002301","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["iScience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T17:53:46Z","timestamp":1784397226000},"page":"116692","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Sulfated galactans from Gracilaria corticata reprogram metabolism, activate Immunity, promote regeneration, and exhibit anti-melanoma activity"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9748-398X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amal D.","family":"Premarathna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna M.","family":"Dziubinska-Kuehn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anti","family":"Soo\u00e4\u00e4r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nambukara Palliyaguruge","family":"Pushpitha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clarisa Naa","family":"Shormeh Darko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renu Geetha","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Indrek","family":"Reile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rando","family":"Tuvikene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2020.559986","article-title":"Structural diversity in galactans from red seaweeds and its influence on rheological properties","volume":"11","author":"Ciancia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.3390\/md9020196","article-title":"Chemical structures and bioactivities of sulfated polysaccharides from marine algae","volume":"9","author":"Jiao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mar. Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1038\/nchembio.439","article-title":"Heterogeneity in the chemistry, structure and function of plant cell walls","volume":"6","author":"Burton","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Chem. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib4","series-title":"Sustainable Global Resources of Seaweeds Volume 2: Food, Pharmaceutical and Health Applications","first-page":"55","article-title":"Gracilaria: An emerging source of agar feedstock\u2014with special reference to industrially important species","author":"Sambhwani","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1007\/s10811-016-1009-y","article-title":"Factors affecting yield and gelling properties of agar","volume":"29","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phycol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib6","series-title":"Polysaccharides: properties and applications","article-title":"Agars: Properties and applications","author":"Padmesh","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1080\/26388081.2024.2416159","article-title":"Comparative morphoanatomy and phycochemical screening of three selected Gracilaria (Rhodophyta) species from Sri Lanka","volume":"5","author":"Peduru Hewa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Appl. Phycol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4708","DOI":"10.1039\/D4RA07277D","article-title":"Sustainable and biocompatible hybrid materials-based sulfated polysaccharides for biomedical applications: a review","volume":"15","author":"Alfinaikh","year":"2025","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.3390\/md21070384","article-title":"Algal phycocolloids: Bioactivities and pharmaceutical applications","volume":"21","author":"Lomartire","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mar. Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1007\/s13237-024-00471-9","article-title":"A concise review on the bioactive potential of the genus Gracilaria (Rhodophyta)","volume":"68","author":"Rani","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nucleus (Karachi)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17050744","article-title":"A Comprehensive, Analytical Narrative Review of Polysaccharides from the Red Seaweed Gracilaria: Pharmaceutical Applications and Mechanistic Insights for Human Health","volume":"17","author":"Khandwal","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules30020262","article-title":"Extraction, Purification, Structural Characteristics, Biological Activities, and Applications of Polysaccharides from Gastrodia elata: A Review","volume":"30","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.2217\/17520363.1.1.159","article-title":"Future of liquid chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry in metabolic profiling and metabolomic studies for biomarker discovery","volume":"1","author":"Metz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biomark. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib14","article-title":"GC-MS analysis of fatty acid metabolomics in RAW264. 7 cell inflammatory model intervened by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and a preliminary study on the anti-inflammatory effects of NLRP3 signaling pathway","volume":"18","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tifs.2019.08.008","article-title":"Sulfated polysaccharides: Immunomodulation and signaling mechanisms","volume":"92","author":"Huang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trends Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7180","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2022.2043823","article-title":"Structural characteristics and immunomodulatory effects of sulfated polysaccharides derived from marine algae","volume":"63","author":"Feng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib17","series-title":"Characterization Techniques in Bionanocomposites","first-page":"209","article-title":"Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in characterization of bionanocomposites","author":"Azeez","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib18","article-title":"Optimizing agar extraction from Gracilaria Corticata for industrial production: Comparing physicochemical and rheological properties of two marine sources","volume":"10","author":"Tatary","year":"2025","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym. Technol. Appl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules30030684","article-title":"Application of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy in characterization of green synthesized nanoparticles","volume":"30","author":"Pasieczna-Patkowska","year":"2025","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1917","DOI":"10.1021\/cr000100n","article-title":"Vibrational spectroscopic detection of beta-and gamma-turns in synthetic and natural peptides and proteins","volume":"103","author":"Vass","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19006","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.5b02821","article-title":"Effective bone regeneration using thermosensitive poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) grafted gelatin as injectable carrier for bone mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"7","author":"Ren","year":"2015","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2012.01.052","article-title":"Vibrational spectroscopy characterization and anticoagulant activity of a sulfated polysaccharide from sea cucumber Athyonidium chilensis","volume":"88","author":"Matsuhiro","year":"2012","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0282(2000)57:4<257::AID-BIP7>3.0.CO;2-3","article-title":"Investigation of stretching vibrations of glycosidic linkages in disaccharides and polysaccarides with use of IR spectra deconvolution","volume":"57","author":"Nikonenko","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biopolymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2018.12.007","article-title":"A novel antioxidant sulfated polysaccharide from the algae Gracilaria caudata: In vitro and in vivo activities","volume":"90","author":"Alencar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Hydrocoll."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-2244(02)00066-3","article-title":"1H and 13C high resolution NMR spectroscopy of carrageenans: application in research and industry","volume":"13","author":"Van de Velde","year":"2002","journal-title":"Trends Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/0144-8617(92)90061-T","article-title":"Chemical and macromolecular characterisation of agar polymers from Gracilaria dura (C. Agardh) J. Agardh (Gracilariaceae, Rhodophyta)","volume":"18","author":"Murano","year":"1992","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.166","article-title":"Chemical structure, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of a sulfated polysaccharide from Gracilaria intermedia algae","volume":"159","author":"Costa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.13084","article-title":"In vitro cellular viability studies on a concentrated surfactant-based wound dressing","volume":"16","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. Wound J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3861","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-016-2268-0","article-title":"Transition from inflammation to proliferation: a critical step during wound healing","volume":"73","author":"Land\u00e9n","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1668","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.13110","article-title":"Overviews on the cellular uptake mechanism of polysaccharide colloidal nanoparticles","volume":"21","author":"Salatin","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Cell Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1002\/bdrc.20061","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinases and cellular motility in development and disease","volume":"78","author":"VanSaun","year":"2006","journal-title":"Birth Defect. Res. C."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2016.02.026","article-title":"Phagocytosis: an immunobiologic process","volume":"44","author":"Gordon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-023-00921-6","article-title":"Cell death by phagocytosis","volume":"24","author":"Brown","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3595","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.5.3595","article-title":"Myeloid-related proteins rapidly modulate macrophage nitric oxide production during innate immune response","volume":"181","author":"Pouliot","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2021.702826","article-title":"Branched-chain amino acids: catabolism in skeletal muscle and implications for muscle and whole-body metabolism","volume":"12","author":"Mann","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2014.00532","article-title":"Metabolism via arginase or nitric oxide synthase: two competing arginine pathways in macrophages","volume":"5","author":"Rath","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livprodsci.2003.09.005","article-title":"Modifications of protein and amino acid metabolism during inflammation and immune system activation","volume":"87","author":"Le Floc'h","year":"2004","journal-title":"Livest. Prod. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2007.05.007","article-title":"Immune and cell modulation by amino acids","volume":"26","author":"Roth","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clinical Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2024.116453","article-title":"Activating the iNOS regulatory pathway by arginine deprivation targets energy metabolism to induce autophagy-dependent apoptosis against spinal echinococcosis","volume":"227","author":"Abudouaini","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo9050081","article-title":"The fate of glutamine in human metabolism. The interplay with glucose in proliferating cells","volume":"9","author":"Mazat","year":"2019","journal-title":"Metabolites"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1375","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-24-0002","article-title":"The interplay between extracellular matrix remodeling and cancer therapeutics","volume":"14","author":"Prakash","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancer Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-physiol-020518-114455","article-title":"Branched chain amino acids","volume":"81","author":"Neinast","year":"2019","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.16803","article-title":"Amino acid metabolism, redox balance and epigenetic regulation in cancer","volume":"291","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"FEBS J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib44","article-title":"Metabolic rewiring directs melanoma immunology","volume":"13","author":"Sun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fhfh.2025.100236","article-title":"Structural Characterization and Bioactivity of Sulfated Galactan GSSG-2 from Gracilaria salicornia: Antioxidant and Anticancer Potential","volume":"8","author":"Lakshmikanthan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Food Hydrocoll. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2023.109307","article-title":"Polysaccharides from red seaweeds: Effect of extraction methods on physicochemical characteristics and antioxidant activities","volume":"147","author":"Premarathna","year":"2024","journal-title":"Food Hydrocoll."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1745","DOI":"10.3390\/biom13121745","article-title":"Sulfated galactans from agarophytes: review of extraction methods, structural features, and biological activities","volume":"13","author":"Chumsook","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.129433","article-title":"Immunomodulation by xylan and carrageenan-type polysaccharides from red seaweeds: Anti-inflammatory, wound healing, cytoprotective, and anticoagulant activities","volume":"260","author":"Premarathna","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1903","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2008.11.014","article-title":"Identification of selected seaweed polysaccharides (phycocolloids) by vibrational spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR and FT-Raman)","volume":"23","author":"Pereira","year":"2009","journal-title":"Food Hydrocoll."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1080\/87559129.2020.1717523","article-title":"Immunomodulatory; anti-inflammatory\/antioxidant effects of polyphenols: A comparative review on the parental compounds and their metabolites","volume":"37","author":"Sobhani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Rev. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.3390\/md18060334","article-title":"Degradation of Sargassum crassifolium fucoidan by ascorbic acid and hydrogen peroxide, and compositional, structural, and in vitro anti-lung cancer analyses of the degradation products","volume":"18","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mar. Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2022.e09002","article-title":"Characterization of agar extracted from Gracilaria species collected along Tanzanian coast","volume":"8","author":"Vuai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib53","series-title":"Recent Advances in Infrared Spectroscopy and Its Applications in Biotechnology","article-title":"Various Approaches to Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) for Bioanalytical and Biotechnological Applications in Marine Algae","author":"Zamanileha","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3959","DOI":"10.1021\/acsabm.3c00458","article-title":"Advancement in biopolymer assisted cancer theranostics","volume":"6","author":"Bhattacharya","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Bio Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2024.112559","article-title":"Role of fibroblast autophagy and proliferation in skin anti-aging","volume":"196","author":"Lu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Exp. Gerontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.3390\/polysaccharides3040048","article-title":"Skin health promoting effects of natural polysaccharides and their potential application in the cosmetic industry","volume":"3","author":"Yao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Polysaccharides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10030","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.3c09780","article-title":"A comprehensive review of various therapeutic strategies for the management of skin cancer","volume":"9","author":"Dachani","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1663","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-01868-0","article-title":"Identification and activation of TLR4-mediated signalling pathways by alginate-derived guluronate oligosaccharide in RAW264. 7 macrophages","volume":"7","author":"Fang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.182","article-title":"Characterization and immunomodulatory activity of sulfated galactan from the red seaweed Gracilaria fisheri","volume":"189","author":"Khongthong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.3390\/ph17060672","article-title":"Anti-vasculogenic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities of sulfated polysaccharide derived from Codium tomentosum: Pharmacokinetic assay","volume":"17","author":"Lakhrem","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1127704","article-title":"Immunomodulation\u2014a general review of the current state-of-the-art and new therapeutic strategies for targeting the immune system","volume":"14","author":"Strzelec","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-475X.2009.00466.x","article-title":"Interactions between extracellular matrix and growth factors in wound healing","volume":"17","author":"Schultz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Wound Repair Regen."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2022.07.006","article-title":"Wound healing, fibroblast heterogeneity, and fibrosis","volume":"29","author":"Talbott","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2024.110131","article-title":"Isolation, structural characterization and biological activities of polysaccharides from Chondrus crispus","volume":"154","author":"Premarathna","year":"2024","journal-title":"Food Hydrocoll."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.147696","article-title":"Structural characterization and in vitro bioactivity of Furcellaria lumbricalis polysaccharides: Implications for skin, immune, and gut health applications","volume":"330","author":"Premarathna","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7385","DOI":"10.1038\/srep07385","article-title":"Role of dermatopontin in re-epithelialization: implications on keratinocyte migration and proliferation","volume":"4","author":"Krishnaswamy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2024.110668","article-title":"Extraction and functional characterization of fucoidans and alginates from Ecklonia maxima: A focus on skin, immune, and intestinal health","volume":"159","author":"Premarathna","year":"2025","journal-title":"Food Hydrocoll."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.148381","article-title":"An in-depth evaluation of fucoidans from five brown seaweeds for wound healing and cytoprotection: analyses of bioactivities and cellular mechanisms","volume":"332","author":"Premarathna","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-020-03460-y","article-title":"MAPK signaling pathway-targeted marine compounds in cancer therapy","volume":"147","author":"Wei","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-016-0555-x","article-title":"Cancer stem cell metabolism: a potential target for cancer therapy","volume":"15","author":"Deshmukh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.15562\/ijbs.v18i1.511","article-title":"Effect of Sargassum polycystum on Expression of Tyrosinase and Production of Melanin","volume":"18","author":"Puteri","year":"2024","journal-title":"Indonesia Journal of Biomedical Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3194","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10113194","article-title":"Macrophage reprogramming and cancer therapeutics: role of iNOS-derived NO","volume":"10","author":"Kashfi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4516","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.14586","article-title":"Cancer: the dark side of wound healing","volume":"285","author":"Sundaram","year":"2018","journal-title":"FEBS J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2012.0406","article-title":"Critical role of transforming growth factor beta in different phases of wound healing","volume":"2","author":"Pakyari","year":"2013","journal-title":"Adv. Wound Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9010255","article-title":"Human skin keratinocytes on sustained TGF-\u03b2 stimulation reveal partial EMT features and weaken growth arrest responses","volume":"9","author":"Liarte","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib76","article-title":"Approaches to control and monitor protease levels in chronic wounds","volume":"7","author":"Kolahreez","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3399","article-title":"Neutrophil recruitment and function in health and inflammation","volume":"13","author":"Kolaczkowska","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-020-0255-6","article-title":"The role of neutrophil death in chronic inflammation and cancer","volume":"6","author":"Brostjan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Death Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib79","first-page":"2722","article-title":"Keratinocyte-specific Smad2 ablation results in increased epithelial-mesenchymal transition during skin cancer formation and progression","volume":"118","author":"Hoot","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2767","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20112767","article-title":"TGF-\u03b2-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cancer metastasis","volume":"20","author":"Hao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc.2016.123","article-title":"Cancer cell motility: lessons from migration in confined spaces","volume":"17","author":"Paul","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2007.08.004","article-title":"Evidence supporting antioxidant action of adipose-derived stem cells: protection of human dermal fibroblasts from oxidative stress","volume":"49","author":"Kim","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Dermatol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2023.1102146","article-title":"Advances in health-promoting effects of natural polysaccharides: Regulation on Nrf2 antioxidant pathway","volume":"10","author":"Luo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms242115693","article-title":"Review of eukaryote cellular membrane lipid composition, with special attention to the fatty acids","volume":"24","author":"Ali","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1002\/bies.201500017","article-title":"Modification of pro-inflammatory signaling by dietary components: The plasma membrane as a target","volume":"37","author":"Ciesielska","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bioessays"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1286667","article-title":"Fatty acids and lipid mediators in inflammatory bowel disease: from mechanism to treatment","volume":"14","author":"Yan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1080\/87559129.2015.1075214","article-title":"Effect of trans\u2013fatty acids on lipid metabolism: Mechanisms for their adverse health effects","volume":"32","author":"Kwon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Food Rev. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2019.1105","article-title":"Bioactive fatty acids in the resolution of chronic inflammation in skin wounds","volume":"9","author":"Jara","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Wound Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.12.012","article-title":"Stearic acid metabolism in human health and disease","volume":"44","author":"Shen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clinical Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines8110480","article-title":"Release of anti-inflammatory palmitoleic acid and its positional isomers by mouse peritoneal macrophages","volume":"8","author":"Astudillo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/mabi.202100031","article-title":"The influence of polysaccharides-based material on macrophage phenotypes","volume":"21","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Macromol. Biosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2011.01.013","article-title":"Targeting apoptosis pathways in cancer stem cells","volume":"332","author":"Signore","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2016.10.048","article-title":"Development of three-dimensional collagen scaffolds with controlled architecture for cell migration studies using breast cancer cell lines","volume":"114","author":"Campbell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1038\/168167a0","article-title":"A colorimetric method for the determination of sugars","volume":"168","author":"Dubois","year":"1951","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1080\/00139307409437403","article-title":"A rapid method for determination of sulfate in water samples","volume":"7","author":"Tabatabai","year":"1974","journal-title":"Environ. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/0043-1354(83)90111-2","article-title":"Investigation of the Folin-Ciocalteau phenol reagent for the determination of polyphenolic substances in natural waters","volume":"17","author":"Box","year":"1983","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.10.075","article-title":"Amphetamine-induced locomotion, behavioral sensitization to amphetamine, and striatal D2 receptor function in rats with high or low spontaneous exploratory activity: differences in the role of locus coeruleus","volume":"1131","author":"Alttoa","year":"2007","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2014.07.027","article-title":"Study of the matrix effects and sample dilution influence on the LC\u2013ESI\u2013MS\/MS analysis using four derivatization reagents","volume":"967","author":"Oldekop","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692_bib99","first-page":"197","article-title":"Nutritional analysis of some selected fish and crab meats and fatty acid analysis of oil extracted from Portunus pelagicus","volume":"4","author":"Premarathna","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Sci. Technol. Res"}],"container-title":["iScience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589004226020687?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589004226020687?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,9]],"date-time":"2026-11-09T17:50:33Z","timestamp":1794246633000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2589004226020687"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":99,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S2589004226020687"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692","relation":{},"ISSN":["2589-0042"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2589-0042","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Sulfated galactans from Gracilaria corticata reprogram metabolism, activate Immunity, promote regeneration, and exhibit anti-melanoma activity","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"iScience","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116692","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"116692"}}