{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,9]],"date-time":"2026-11-09T18:23:09Z","timestamp":1794248589209,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000196","name":"Fondation canadienne pour l'innovation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004376","name":"Terry Fox Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004376","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007052","name":"Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007052","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020400","name":"Weill Cornell Medicine Clinical and Translational Science Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020400","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["iScience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116864","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T11:58:08Z","timestamp":1784980688000},"page":"116864","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["SCLC humanized mice identify T cell infiltration phenotypes in response to combination immune-radiation therapies"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5912-3315","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bell Xi","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaozhuo","family":"Ran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivia","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lifang","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vivek","family":"Philip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"Sacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming-Sound","family":"Tsao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin H.","family":"Lok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116864_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-00235-0","article-title":"Small-cell lung cancer","volume":"7","author":"Rudin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116864_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61085-0","article-title":"Use of thoracic radiotherapy for extensive stage small-cell lung cancer: a phase 3 randomised controlled trial","volume":"385","author":"Slotman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116864_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2220","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1809064","article-title":"First-Line Atezolizumab plus Chemotherapy in Extensive-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer","volume":"379","author":"Horn","year":"2018","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116864_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1929","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32222-6","article-title":"Durvalumab plus platinum\u2013etoposide versus platinum\u2013etoposide in first-line treatment of extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (CASPIAN): a randomised, controlled, open-label, phase 3 trial","volume":"394","author":"Paz-Ares","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116864_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-20-1209","article-title":"Development of Immunotherapy Combination Strategies in Cancer","volume":"11","author":"Yap","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116864_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3870","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-16-3409","article-title":"CHK1 Inhibition in Small-Cell Lung Cancer Produces Single-Agent Activity in Biomarker-Defined Disease Subsets and Combination Activity with Cisplatin or Olaparib","volume":"77","author":"Sen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116864_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.ado4618","article-title":"ATR inhibition activates cancer cell cGAS\/STING-interferon signaling and promotes antitumor immunity in small-cell lung cancer","volume":"10","author":"Taniguchi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116864_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2166","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-57257-z","article-title":"PARP inhibitor radiosensitization enhances anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy through stabilizing chemokine mRNA in small cell lung cancer","volume":"16","author":"Ran","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116864_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2023.12.011","article-title":"CRISPR Screen of Druggable Targets in Small Cell Lung Cancer Identified ATM Inhibitor (AZD1390) as a Radiosensitizer","volume":"118","author":"Ran","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116864_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"CT171","DOI":"10.1158\/1538-7445.AM2023-CT171","article-title":"Abstract CT171: A first-in-human phase I study of the ATM inhibitor M4076 in patients with advanced solid tumors (DDRiver Solid Tumors 410): Part 1A results","volume":"83","author":"Siu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116864_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1038\/s41568-019-0133-9","article-title":"Molecular subtypes of small cell lung cancer: a synthesis of human and mouse model data","volume":"19","author":"Rudin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116864_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2020.12.014","article-title":"Patterns of transcription factor programs and immune pathway activation define four major subtypes of SCLC with distinct therapeutic vulnerabilities","volume":"39","author":"Gay","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116864_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1038\/s41388-023-02929-7","article-title":"Genetically-engineered mouse models of small cell lung cancer: the next generation","volume":"43","author":"Oser","year":"2024","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116864_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1718","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.328336.119","article-title":"The KDM5A\/RBP2 histone demethylase represses NOTCH signaling to sustain neuroendocrine differentiation and promote small cell lung cancer tumorigenesis","volume":"33","author":"Oser","year":"2019","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116864_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2023-008516","article-title":"MHC class I and II-deficient humanized mice are suitable tools to test the long-term antitumor efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors and T-cell engagers","volume":"12","author":"Eguren-Santamaria","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Immunother. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116864_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3311","article-title":"Humanized mice for immune system investigation: progress, promise and challenges","volume":"12","author":"Shultz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116864_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1080\/15384047.2019.1670520","article-title":"Establishment of humanized tumor microenvironment mouse models based on the injection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and IFN-\u03b3 to evaluate the efficacy of PD-L1\/PD-1-targeted immunotherapy","volume":"21","author":"Lin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Biol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116864_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2018.11.035","article-title":"Promising preclinical platform for evaluation of immuno-oncology drugs using Hu-PBL-NSG lung cancer models","volume":"127","author":"Pyo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lung Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116864_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2724","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-05072-0","article-title":"Co-expression of CD39 and CD103 identifies tumor-reactive CD8 T cells in human solid tumors","volume":"9","author":"Duhen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116864_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.11.001","article-title":"A new Hu-PBL model for the study of human islet alloreactivity based on NOD-scid mice bearing a targeted mutation in the IL-2 receptor gamma chain gene","volume":"126","author":"King","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116864_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2024.01.010","article-title":"Immune heterogeneity in small-cell lung cancer and vulnerability to immune checkpoint blockade","volume":"42","author":"Nabet","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116864_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2009.03933.x","article-title":"Human peripheral blood leucocyte non-obese diabetic-severe combined immunodeficiency interleukin-2 receptor gamma chain gene mouse model of xenogeneic graft- versus -host-like disease and the role of host major histocompatibility complex","volume":"157","author":"King","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116864_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1846","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-23-2360","article-title":"Molecular and Pathologic Characterization of YAP1-Expressing Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Lines Leads to Reclassification as SMARCA4-Deficient Malignancies","volume":"30","author":"Ng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116864_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2023.05.008","article-title":"Clinical Benefit From Immunotherapy in Patients With SCLC Is Associated With Tumor Capacity for Antigen Presentation","volume":"18","author":"Rudin","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Thorac. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116864_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1038\/nature23470","article-title":"Mitotic progression following DNA damage enables pattern recognition within micronuclei","volume":"548","author":"Harding","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116864_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-18-1020","article-title":"Targeting DNA Damage Response Promotes Antitumor Immunity through STING-Mediated T-cell Activation in Small Cell Lung Cancer","volume":"9","author":"Sen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116864_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abb9726","article-title":"T cell factor 1: A master regulator of the T cell response in disease","volume":"5","author":"Escobar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116864_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-23-0656","article-title":"Acquired Cross-Resistance in Small Cell Lung Cancer due to Extrachromosomal DNA Amplification of MYC Paralogs","volume":"14","author":"Pal Choudhuri","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancer Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116864_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aat1719","article-title":"The brain-penetrant clinical ATM inhibitor AZD1390 radiosensitizes and improves survival of preclinical brain tumor models","volume":"4","author":"Durant","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116864_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4492","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-23-0290","article-title":"ATM-Inhibitor AZD1390 Is a Radiosensitizer for Breast Cancer CNS Metastasis","volume":"29","author":"Tew","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116864_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.adj5962","article-title":"Aberrant ATM signaling and homology-directed DNA repair as a vulnerability of p53-mutant GBM to AZD1390-mediated radiosensitization","volume":"16","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116864_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3877","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-09-4228","article-title":"Loss of p130 Accelerates Tumor Development in a Mouse Model for Human Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma","volume":"70","author":"Schaffer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116864_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2281","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2013.143","article-title":"Genome engineering using the CRISPR-Cas9 system","volume":"8","author":"Ran","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."}],"container-title":["iScience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S258900422602242X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S258900422602242X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,9]],"date-time":"2026-11-09T17:59:32Z","timestamp":1794247172000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S258900422602242X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S258900422602242X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116864","relation":{},"ISSN":["2589-0042"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2589-0042","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"SCLC humanized mice identify T cell infiltration phenotypes in response to combination immune-radiation therapies","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"iScience","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.isci.2026.116864","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"116864"}}