{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T01:50:06Z","timestamp":1791597006726,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012151","name":"Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzen Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SZZYSM202403014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SZZYSM202403014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012151","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["iScience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T18:14:15Z","timestamp":1787595255000},"page":"117299","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical-metabolic machine learning model differentiating rheumatoid arthritis from high-inflammatory Sj\u00f6gren disease: A multi-center study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Jianbin","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suiran","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renhe","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ning","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengxia","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuzhen","family":"Gesang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2019","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)01525-8","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"402","author":"Di Matteo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2019-216114","article-title":"EULAR recommendations for the management of Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome with topical and systemic therapies","volume":"79","author":"Ramos-Casals","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299_bib3","first-page":"2387","article-title":"Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome: One year in review 2023","volume":"41","author":"Chatzis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1494","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14141494","article-title":"Polyarthritis in Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s Syndrome: Difficulties in Distinguishing Extraglandular Manifestation and Associated Rheumatoid Arthritis","volume":"14","author":"Aradi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e85","DOI":"10.1016\/S2665-9913(19)30042-6","article-title":"Symptom-based stratification of patients with primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome","volume":"1","author":"Tarn","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.110619","article-title":"EULAR Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome disease activity index for primary Sjogren\u2019s syndrome","volume":"69","author":"Seror","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299_bib7","article-title":"Data-driven classification of primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome: From cluster analysis to clinical immune phenotypes and predictive biomarkers","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Transl. Autoimmun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.685312","article-title":"Autoantibodies in Rheumatoid Arthritis \u2014 Laboratory and Clinical Perspectives","volume":"12","author":"R\u00f6nnelid","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1002\/art.42683","article-title":"Multimodal Single-Cell Sequencing of B Cells in Primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s Syndrome","volume":"76","author":"Arvidsson","year":"2024","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2011.76","article-title":"Anti-CCP antibodies: the past, the present and the future","volume":"7","author":"van Venrooij","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299_bib11","first-page":"2337","article-title":"Prediction of Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome years before diagnosis","volume":"67","author":"Theander","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1702514","article-title":"Primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s Syndrome","volume":"378","author":"Mariette","year":"2018","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.855141","article-title":"Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"9","author":"Cai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.2147\/OARRR.S285407","article-title":"Metabolic Abnormalities, Cardiovascular Disease, and Metabolic Syndrome in Adult Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: Current Perspectives and Clinical Implications","volume":"14","author":"Santos-Moreno","year":"2022","journal-title":"Open Access Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.684999","article-title":"The Multiple Roles of B Cells in the Pathogenesis of Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s Syndrome","volume":"12","author":"Du","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2018.1","article-title":"B cells in the pathogenesis of primary Sj\u00f6gren syndrome","volume":"14","author":"Nocturne","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2017.49","article-title":"Immunometabolism in early and late stages of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"13","author":"Weyand","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2437","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39204","article-title":"Molecular subsetting of interferon pathways in Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome","volume":"67","author":"Hall","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2023.103496","article-title":"Machine learning application in autoimmune diseases: State of art and future prospectives","volume":"23","author":"Danieli","year":"2024","journal-title":"Autoimmun. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2023.108042","article-title":"An interpretable machine learning pipeline based on transcriptomics predicts phenotypes of lupus patients","volume":"26","author":"Leventhal","year":"2023","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299_bib21","first-page":"4765","article-title":"A unified approach to interpreting model predictions","volume":"30","author":"Lundberg","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05485","article-title":"Inflammation and metabolic disorders","volume":"444","author":"Hotamisligil","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.101964","article-title":"Interpreting lipid levels in the context of high-grade inflammatory states with a focus on rheumatoid arthritis: a challenge to conventional cardiovascular risk actions","volume":"68","author":"Choy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1614","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39608","article-title":"Critical Role of Glucose Metabolism in Rheumatoid Arthritis Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes","volume":"68","author":"Garcia-Carbonell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299_bib25","first-page":"457","article-title":"Myositis in primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome: data from a multicentre cohort","volume":"33","author":"Colafrancesco","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299_bib26","first-page":"717","article-title":"Subclinical myositis is common in primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome and is not related to muscle pain","volume":"29","author":"Lindvall","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199902113400607","article-title":"Acute-phase proteins and other systemic responses to inflammation","volume":"340","author":"Gabay","year":"1999","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-025-03542-7","article-title":"Hydroxychloroquine dose-dependently reduces the risk of incident diabetes in primary Sj\u00f6gren syndrome patients on glucocorticoids: a nationwide population-based cohort study","volume":"27","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2017-211836","article-title":"Metabolic and cardiovascular benefits of hydroxychloroquine in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"77","author":"Rempenault","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2011-200493","article-title":"Cholesterol efflux by high density lipoproteins is impaired in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"71","author":"Charles-Schoeman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2541","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21976","article-title":"Proinflammatory high-density lipoprotein as a biomarker for atherosclerosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"54","author":"McMahon","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kew023","article-title":"Previous diagnosis of Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s Syndrome as rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"55","author":"Rasmussen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2003.008623","article-title":"Evaluation of anti-citrullinated filaggrin antibodies as hallmarks for the diagnosis of rheumatic diseases","volume":"63","author":"Dubucquoi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2003.019794","article-title":"Prevalence of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide and anti-keratin antibodies in patients with primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome","volume":"64","author":"Gottenberg","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1580","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2010.138461","article-title":"2010 rheumatoid arthritis classification criteria: an American College of Rheumatology\/European League Against Rheumatism collaborative initiative","volume":"69","author":"Aletaha","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299_bib36","series-title":"Proceedings of the 22nd ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining","first-page":"785","article-title":"XGBoost: A scalable tree boosting system","author":"Chen","year":"2016"}],"container-title":["iScience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589004226026775?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589004226026775?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T01:05:23Z","timestamp":1791594323000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2589004226026775"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S2589004226026775"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299","relation":{},"ISSN":["2589-0042"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2589-0042","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Clinical-metabolic machine learning model differentiating rheumatoid arthritis from high-inflammatory Sj\u00f6gren disease: A multi-center study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"iScience","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117299","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"117299"}}