{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T01:49:48Z","timestamp":1791596988261,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787184000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018997","name":"Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Technology, Silpakorn University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018997","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["iScience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T18:59:02Z","timestamp":1788980342000},"page":"117445","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Neural correlates of information gain during search revealed by fMRI"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2600-1824","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sakrapee","family":"Paisalnan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yashar","family":"Moshfeghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Pollick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1108\/eb026722","article-title":"ASK for information retrieval: Part I. Background and theory","volume":"38","author":"Belkin","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. Doc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib2","first-page":"355","article-title":"The `information search process\u2019 revisited: is the model still useful?","volume":"13","author":"Kuhlthau","year":"2008","journal-title":"Inf. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib3","first-page":"49","article-title":"Human Information Behavior","volume":"3","author":"Wilson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Informing Sci. Int. J. Emerg. Transdiscipl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2024.103890","article-title":"Wanting information: Uncertainty and its reduction through search engagement","volume":"62","author":"van der Sluis","year":"2025","journal-title":"Inf. Process. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.106.4.643","article-title":"Information foraging","volume":"106","author":"Pirolli","year":"1999","journal-title":"Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2023.07.004","article-title":"Understanding patch foraging strategies across development","volume":"27","author":"Lloyd","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trends Cognit. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15497","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3270-14.2014","article-title":"Attention, Reward, and Information Seeking","volume":"34","author":"Gottlieb","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1177\/09637214221142778","article-title":"Emerging Principles of Attention and Information Demand","volume":"32","author":"Gottlieb","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. Dir. Psychol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib9","article-title":"Eye pupil signals information gain","volume":"286","author":"Z\u00e9non","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/frai.2020.00005","article-title":"Information Theoretic Characterization of Uncertainty Distinguishes Surprise From Accuracy Signals in the Brain","volume":"3","author":"Loued-Khenissi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Artif. Intell."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2013.09.001","article-title":"Information-seeking, curiosity, and attention: computational and neural mechanisms","volume":"17","author":"Gottlieb","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trends Cognit. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0124787","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0124787","article-title":"Probabilistic Decision Making with Spikes: From ISI Distributions to Behaviour via Information Gain","volume":"10","author":"Caballero","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2311714121","article-title":"Predecisional information search adaptively reduces three types of uncertainty","volume":"121","author":"Spektor","year":"2024","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11912","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3522-07.2007","article-title":"Evidence Accumulation and the Moment of Recognition: Dissociating Perceptual Recognition Processes Using fMRI","volume":"27","author":"Ploran","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1109\/18.61115","article-title":"Divergence measures based on the Shannon entropy","volume":"37","author":"Lin","year":"1991","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Inf. Theor."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib16","series-title":"Advances in Information Retrieval","first-page":"14","article-title":"Understanding Relevance: An fMRI Study","author":"Moshfeghi","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib17","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2018 World Wide Web Conference WWW \u201918. (International World Wide Web Conferences Steering Committee)","first-page":"1683","article-title":"Search Process as Transitions Between Neural States","author":"Moshfeghi","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.24242","article-title":"Neuropsychological model of the realization of information need","volume":"70","author":"Moshfeghi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib19","series-title":"Proceedings of the 39th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","first-page":"335","article-title":"Understanding information need: an fMRI study","author":"Moshfeghi","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awt162","article-title":"The role of the posterior cingulate cortex in cognition and disease","volume":"137","author":"Leech","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-024-06927-7","article-title":"A neural code supporting prospective probabilistic reasoning for instrumental information demand in humans","volume":"7","author":"Singletary","year":"2024","journal-title":"Commun. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2024.04.008","article-title":"Neural mechanisms of information seeking","volume":"112","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1214\/09-STS282","article-title":"The Statistical Analysis of fMRI Data","volume":"23","author":"Lindquist","year":"2008","journal-title":"Stat. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.09.019","article-title":"Meaningful design and contrast estimability in FMRI","volume":"34","author":"Smith","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abb4588","article-title":"Julich-Brain: A 3D probabilistic atlas of the human brain\u2019s cytoarchitecture","volume":"369","author":"Amunts","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib24","article-title":"Representational similarity analysis - connecting the branches of systems neuroscience","volume":"2","author":"Kriegeskorte","year":"2008","journal-title":"Front. Syst. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1038\/s41366-021-00775-9","article-title":"Integrative analysis of physiological responses to high fat feeding with diffusion tensor images and neurochemical profiles of the mouse brain","volume":"45","author":"Guadilla","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Obes."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2016.00500","article-title":"Magnitude Processing in the Brain: An fMRI Study of Time, Space, and Numerosity as a Shared Cortical System","volume":"10","author":"Skagerlund","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Hum. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002895","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1002895","article-title":"Activity in Inferior Parietal and Medial Prefrontal Cortex Signals the Accumulation of Evidence in a Probability Learning Task","volume":"9","author":"d\u2019Acremont","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Comput. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00338.2011","article-title":"The organization of the human cerebral cortex estimated by intrinsic functional connectivity","volume":"106","author":"Yeo","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib30","article-title":"Dynamic modulation of the processing of unpredicted technical errors by the posterior cingulate and the default mode network","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2023.04.023","article-title":"20 years of the default mode network: A review and synthesis","volume":"111","author":"Menon","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3142","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhac266","article-title":"The human posterior parietal cortex: effective connectome, and its relation to function","volume":"33","author":"Rolls","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cerebr. Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhs048","article-title":"Organization of the Human Inferior Parietal Lobule Based on Receptor Architectonics","volume":"23","author":"Caspers","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cerebr. Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2754","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.22364","article-title":"Functional characterization and differential coactivation patterns of two cytoarchitectonic visual areas on the human posterior fusiform gyrus","volume":"35","author":"Caspers","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-013-0646-z","article-title":"Receptor architecture of visual areas in the face and word-form recognition region of the posterior fusiform gyrus","volume":"220","author":"Caspers","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Struct. Funct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(03)00167-3","article-title":"Cortical Analysis of Visual Context","volume":"38","author":"Bar","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.29.051605.113038","article-title":"The Neural Basis of Decision Making","volume":"30","author":"Gold","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1916","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2001.86.4.1916","article-title":"Neural Basis of a Perceptual Decision in the Parietal Cortex (Area LIP) of the Rhesus Monkey","volume":"86","author":"Shadlen","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2005.02.009","article-title":"Eye movements in natural behavior","volume":"9","author":"Hayhoe","year":"2005","journal-title":"Trends Cognit. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6141","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0799-07.2007","article-title":"Where Am I Now? Distinct Roles for Parahippocampal and Retrosplenial Cortices in Place Recognition","volume":"27","author":"Epstein","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2013.06.009","article-title":"The role of the parahippocampal cortex in cognition","volume":"17","author":"Aminoff","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trends Cognit. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858412440596","article-title":"The Angular Gyrus: Multiple Functions and Multiple Subdivisions","volume":"19","author":"Seghier","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroscientist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3547","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhu198","article-title":"Fusion and Fission of Cognitive Functions in the Human Parietal Cortex","volume":"25","author":"Humphreys","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cerebr. Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3747","article-title":"The functional architecture of the ventral temporal cortex and its role in categorization","volume":"15","author":"Grill-Spector","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib45","first-page":"373","article-title":"Two New Cytoarchitectonic Areas on the Human Mid-Fusiform Gyrus","volume":"27","author":"Lorenz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cerebr. Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn755","article-title":"Control of goal-directed and stimulus-driven attention in the brain","volume":"3","author":"Corbetta","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-4388(00)00191-4","article-title":"Neuroimaging of cognitive functions in human parietal cortex","volume":"11","author":"Culham","year":"2001","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7580.2005.00426.x","article-title":"REVIEW: The functional organization of the intraparietal sulcus in humans and monkeys","volume":"207","author":"Grefkes","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Anat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1455","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhab299","article-title":"Posterior Intraparietal Sulcus Mediates Detection of Salient Stimuli Outside the Endogenous Focus of Attention","volume":"32","author":"Jamoulle","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cerebr. Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib50","series-title":"Computer Vision \u2013 ECCV 2014","first-page":"740","article-title":"Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Context","author":"Lin","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2008.09.007","article-title":"Bayesian surprise attracts human attention","volume":"49","author":"Itti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vis. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.01.083","article-title":"BrainVoyager \u2014 Past, present, future","volume":"62","author":"Goebel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuroimage"}],"container-title":["iScience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589004226028233?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589004226028233?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T00:59:06Z","timestamp":1791593946000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2589004226028233"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S2589004226028233"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445","relation":{},"ISSN":["2589-0042"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2589-0042","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Neural correlates of information gain during search revealed by fMRI","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"iScience","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.isci.2026.117445","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"117445"}}