{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T22:43:42Z","timestamp":1792363422082,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":98,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,10]],"date-time":"2021-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620604800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000279","name":"Nuffield Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EDO\/43939"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EDO\/43939"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000279","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000279","name":"Nuffield Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MQ16IP16"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MQ16IP16"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000279","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010663","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["863981"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["863981"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["220382\/Z\/20\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["220382\/Z\/20\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["107706\/Z\/15\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["107706\/Z\/15\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007601","name":"Horizon 2020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007601","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RP_2014-04-018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RP_2014-04-018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009187","name":"Medical Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MRF-160-0002-ELP-PINGA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MRF-160-0002-ELP-PINGA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009187","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000288","name":"Royal Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000288","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000781","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000269","name":"Economic and Social Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jaacap.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,5]],"date-time":"2021-03-05T20:02:52Z","timestamp":1614974572000},"page":"823-840","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Genetically Informed Research: Associations Between Parent Anxiety and Offspring Internalizing Problems"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Yasmin I.","family":"Ahmadzadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tabea","family":"Schoeler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9467-6700","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meredith","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Baptiste","family":"Pingault","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1889-0956","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cathy","family":"Creswell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom A.","family":"McAdams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1017\/S1121189X00001421","article-title":"The global burden of mental disorders: An update from the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) Surveys","volume":"18","author":"Kessler","year":"2009","journal-title":"Epidemiol Psichiatr Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.62.6.593","article-title":"Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions\u2019 of DSM-IV disorders in the national comorbidity survey replication","volume":"62","author":"Kessler","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2018.07.898","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis: Anxiety and depressive disorders in offspring of parents with anxiety disorders","volume":"58","author":"Lawrence","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2009.07.021","article-title":"Anxiety and depressive disorders in offspring at high risk for anxiety: A meta-analysis","volume":"23","author":"Micco","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Anxiety Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-018-1712-0","article-title":"Anxiety in women\u2014a Swedish national three-generational cohort study","volume":"18","author":"Sydsjo","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib6","series-title":"Manual for the Child Behavior Checklist and Revised Child Behavior Profile","author":"Achenbach","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.57.9.859","article-title":"Parental psychopathology, parenting styles, and the risk of social phobia in offspring: A\u00a0prospective-longitudinal community study","volume":"57","author":"Lieb","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.00106","article-title":"Parenting and childhood anxiety: Theory, empirical findings, and future directions","volume":"44","author":"Wood","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1080\/09540260220132662","article-title":"Family-based treatment of childhood anxiety disorders","volume":"14","author":"Ginsburg","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int Rev Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2019.00391","article-title":"Fetal and infant outcomes in the offspring of parents with perinatal mental disorders: Earliest influences","volume":"10","author":"Aktar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12153","article-title":"Practitioner Review: Maternal mood in pregnancy and child development\u2014implications for child psychology and psychiatry","volume":"55","author":"O\u2019Connor","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2013.08.017","article-title":"Maternal depression, anxiety and stress during pregnancy and child outcome; what needs to be done","volume":"28","author":"Glover","year":"2014","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.irn.2019.11.002","article-title":"Prenatal stress: Effects on fetal and child brain development","volume":"150","author":"Lautarescu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int Rev Neurobiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib14","first-page":"419","article-title":"Longitudinal associations between family members\u2019 internalizing symptoms across middle childhood","volume":"32","author":"Villarreal","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Fam Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1177\/1063426611432171","article-title":"Associating parental to child psychological symptoms: Investigating a transactional model of development","volume":"21","author":"Fanti","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1207\/S15374424JCCP3203_05","article-title":"Antecedent-consequence conditions in maternal mood and child adjustment: A four-year cross-lagged study","volume":"32","author":"Elgar","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Child Adolesc Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-018-1173-5","article-title":"The impact of maternal prenatal and postnatal anxiety on children\u2019s emotional problems: A systematic review","volume":"28","author":"Rees","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-018-2684-x","article-title":"Impact of maternal perinatal anxiety on social-emotional development of 2-year-olds, a prospective study of Norwegian mothers and their offspring: The impact of perinatal anxiety on child development","volume":"23","author":"Polte","year":"2019","journal-title":"Matern Child Health J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2008.01898.x","article-title":"Research review: The relation between child and parent anxiety and parental control: A meta-analytic review","volume":"49","author":"van der Bruggen","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/desc.12772","article-title":"Intergenerational transmission of attentional bias and anxiety","volume":"22","author":"Aktar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dev Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1568","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.158.10.1568","article-title":"A\u00a0review and meta-analysis of the genetic epidemiology of anxiety disorders","volume":"158","author":"Hettema","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1552","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.157.10.1552","article-title":"Genetic epidemiology of major depression: review and meta-analysis","volume":"157","author":"Sullivan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1581","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.161.9.1581","article-title":"Genetic and environmental sources of covariation between generalized anxiety disorder and neuroticism","volume":"161","author":"Hettema","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2010.10030340","article-title":"The structure of genetic and environmental risk factors for syndromal and subsyndromal common DSM-IV axis I and all axis II disorders","volume":"168","author":"Kendler","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2014.655","article-title":"The phenotypic and genetic structure of depression and anxiety disorder symptoms in childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood","volume":"71","author":"Waszczuk","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.5127\/pr.038315","article-title":"Aetiological influences on stability and change in emotional and behavioural problems across development: A systematic review","volume":"4","author":"Hannigan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychopathol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1741-3737.2011.00846.x","article-title":"Gene-environment interplay, family relationships, and child adjustment","volume":"73","author":"Horwitz","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Marriage Fam"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(01)00013-4","article-title":"Mother knows best: Effects of maternal modelling on the acquisition of fear and avoidance behaviour in toddlers","volume":"40","author":"Gerull","year":"2002","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.13089","article-title":"A\u00a0randomised controlled trial of treatments of childhood anxiety disorder in the context of maternal anxiety disorder:\u00a0Clinical and cost-effectiveness outcomes","volume":"61","author":"Creswell","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0212667","article-title":"Transgenerational improvements following child anxiety treatment: An exploratory examination","volume":"14","author":"Lavallee","year":"2019","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1080\/15374411003691719","article-title":"Parental anxiety in the treatment of childhood anxiety: A different story three years later","volume":"39","author":"Cobham","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Child Adolesc Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1080\/15374416.2013.807734","article-title":"The impact of brief parental anxiety management on child anxiety treatment outcomes: A controlled trial","volume":"43","author":"Hudson","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Child Adolesc Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1007\/s10567-007-0019-3","article-title":"Family treatment of child anxiety: Outcomes, limitations and future directions","volume":"10","author":"Creswell","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2017.03.012","article-title":"Quasi-experimental study designs series\u2014paper 4: Uses and value","volume":"89","author":"Barnighausen","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1038\/s41576-018-0020-3","article-title":"Using genetic data to strengthen causal inference in observational research","volume":"19","author":"Pingault","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Genet"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S46","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2013.301252","article-title":"Critical need for family-based, quasi-experimental designs in integrating genetic and social science research","volume":"103","author":"D\u2019Onofrio","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1017\/thg.2019.66","article-title":"The Early Growth and Development Study: A dual-family adoption study from birth through adolescence","volume":"22","author":"Leve","year":"2019","journal-title":"Twin Res Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-7-25","article-title":"Do intrauterine or genetic influences explain the foetal origins of chronic disease? A novel experimental method for disentangling effects","volume":"7","author":"Thapar","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Method"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.13068","article-title":"Anxiety in the family: A genetically informed analysis of transactional associations between mother, father and child anxiety symptoms","volume":"60","author":"Ahmadzadeh","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1875","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2015.01875","article-title":"Associations between infant negative affect and parent anxiety symptoms are bidirectional: Evidence from mothers and fathers","volume":"6","author":"Brooker","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1017\/thg.2012.126","article-title":"The Early Growth and Development Study: A prospective adoption study from birth through middle childhood","volume":"16","author":"Leve","year":"2013","journal-title":"Twin Res Human Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.00196","article-title":"The role of the children of twins design in elucidating causal relations between parent characteristics and child outcomes","volume":"44","author":"D\u2019Onofrio","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1037\/a0036416","article-title":"Accounting for genetic and environmental confounds in associations between parent and child characteristics: A systematic review of children-of-twins studies","volume":"140","author":"McAdams","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychol Bull"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1007\/s10519-018-9912-4","article-title":"Revisiting the children-of-twins design: Improving existing models for the exploration of intergenerational associations","volume":"48","author":"McAdams","year":"2018","journal-title":"Behav Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.13197","article-title":"Mechanisms linking parental educational attainment with child ADHD, depression, and academic problems: A study of extended families in the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study","volume":"61","author":"Torvik","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1111\/add.14813","article-title":"Association of parental substance use disorder with offspring cognition: A population family-based study","volume":"115","author":"Khemiri","year":"2020","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1007\/s10519-010-9345-1","article-title":"Testing the equal environments assumption in the children of twins design","volume":"40","author":"Koenig","year":"2010","journal-title":"Behav Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000001108","article-title":"What is the causal interpretation of sibling comparison designs?","volume":"31","author":"Petersen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1177\/0963721410383977","article-title":"All in the family: Comparing siblings to test causal hypotheses regarding environmental influences on behavior","volume":"19","author":"Lahey","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Dir Psychol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291719003301","article-title":"Associations between maternal depressive symptoms and risk for offspring early-life psychopathology: The role of genetic and non-genetic mechanisms","volume":"51","author":"Gjerde","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1111\/cdev.13192","article-title":"Maternal perinatal and concurrent anxiety and mental health problems in early childhood: A sibling-comparison study","volume":"91","author":"Gjerde","year":"2020","journal-title":"Child Dev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700019838","article-title":"Parental psychiatric disorder: Effects on children","volume":"14","author":"Rutter","year":"1984","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2307\/1166156","article-title":"National survey of problems and competencies among four- to sixteen-year-olds: Parents\u2019 reports for normative and clinical samples","volume":"56","author":"Achenbach","year":"1991","journal-title":"Monogr Soc Res Child Dev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1177\/0963721415580430","article-title":"The fourth law of behavior genetics","volume":"24","author":"Chabris","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Dir Psychol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691615617439","article-title":"Top 10 replicated findings from behavioral genetics","volume":"11","author":"Plomin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Perspect Psychol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib56","first-page":"518","article-title":"Introduction to the complex genetics of mental disorders","volume":"45","author":"Hyman","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1518","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-019-0389-5","article-title":"How genome-wide association studies (GWAS) made traditional candidate gene studies obsolete","volume":"44","author":"Duncan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291709005911","article-title":"The links between prenatal stress and offspring development and psychopathology: Disentangling environmental and inherited influences","volume":"40","author":"Rice","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyx186","article-title":"Re-examining the link between prenatal maternal anxiety and child emotional difficulties, using a sibling design","volume":"47","author":"Bekkhus","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1017\/S095457941300103X","article-title":"Birth and adoptive parent anxiety symptoms moderate the link between infant attention control and internalizing problems in toddlerhood","volume":"26","author":"Brooker","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dev Psychopathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-7078.2011.00068.x","article-title":"The association between infants\u2019 attention control and social inhibition is moderated by genetic and environmental risk for anxiety","volume":"16","author":"Brooker","year":"2011","journal-title":"Infancy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2015.14070818","article-title":"The intergenerational transmission of anxiety: A children-of-twins study","volume":"172","author":"Eley","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579414000029","article-title":"The persisting effect of maternal mood in pregnancy on childhood psychopathology","volume":"26","author":"O\u2019Donnell","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dev Psychopathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.08.012","article-title":"Associations of maternal and paternal antenatal mood with offspring anxiety disorder at age 18 years","volume":"187","author":"Capron","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Affect Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1002\/icd.639","article-title":"Maternal pre- and postnatal anxiety and infant temperament. The Generation R study","volume":"18","author":"Henrichs","year":"2009","journal-title":"Infant Child Dev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2012.02601.x","article-title":"The interplay between expressed parental anxiety and infant behavioural inhibition predicts infant avoidance in a social referencing paradigm","volume":"54","author":"Aktar","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.180.6.502","article-title":"Maternal antenatal anxiety and children\u2019s behavioural\/emotional problems at 4 years. Report from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children","volume":"180","author":"O\u2019Connor","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.00187","article-title":"Maternal antenatal anxiety and behavioural\/emotional problems in children: A test of a programming hypothesis","volume":"44","author":"O\u2019Connor","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8624.2004.00727.x","article-title":"High antenatal maternal anxiety is related to ADHD symptoms, externalizing problems, and anxiety in 8- and 9-year-olds","volume":"75","author":"Van den Bergh","year":"2004","journal-title":"Child Dev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib70","author":"Del Re"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.52.1.59","article-title":"Meta-analysis: Recent developments in quantitative methods for literature reviews","volume":"52","author":"Rosenthal","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annu Rev Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib72","author":"Del Re"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib73","series-title":"Introduction to Meta-Analysis","first-page":"225","article-title":"Multiple outcomes or time-points within a study","author":"Borenstein","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib74","series-title":"The Handbook of Research Synthesis and Meta-analysis","first-page":"357","article-title":"Stochastically dependent effect sizes","author":"Gleser","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib75","first-page":"1","article-title":"Conducting meta-analyses in R with the metafor package","volume":"36","author":"Viechtbauer","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Stat Softw"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557","article-title":"Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses","volume":"327","author":"Higgins","year":"2003","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7109.629","article-title":"Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test","volume":"315","author":"Egger","year":"1997","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib79","first-page":"1116","article-title":"The Twin and Offspring Study in Sweden: Advancing our understanding of genotype-environment interplay by studying twins and their families","volume":"40","author":"Neiderhiser","year":"2008","journal-title":"Xin Li Xue Bao"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.35","article-title":"Fixed effects and variance components estimation in three-level meta-analysis","volume":"2","author":"Konstantopoulos","year":"2011","journal-title":"Res Synth Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2781","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.6525","article-title":"Publication bias in meta-analyses from the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews","volume":"34","author":"Kicinski","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(18)30225-6","article-title":"Maternal prenatal depressive symptoms and risk for early-life psychopathology in offspring: Genetic analyses in the Norwegian Mother and Child Birth Cohort Study","volume":"5","author":"Hannigan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2017.3828","article-title":"Sources of parent-offspring resemblance for major depression in a national Swedish extended adoption study","volume":"75","author":"Kendler","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib84","unstructured":"Ahmadzadeh YI, Eley TC, Hannigan LJ, et\u00a0al. Parental criticism and adolescent internalising symptoms: Using a Children-of-Twins design with power calculations to account for genetic influence. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. In press."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib85","author":"McAdams"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2005.01453.x","article-title":"Surrogacy families: Parental functioning, parent-child relationships and children\u2019s psychological development at age 2","volume":"47","author":"Golombok","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib87","series-title":"The Psychology of Adoption","first-page":"25","article-title":"Biological perspectives of adoptee adjustment","author":"Cadoret","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1792","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/16.9.1792","article-title":"Sharing information with donor insemination offspring. A child-conception versus a family-building approach","volume":"16","author":"Daniels","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1037\/dev0000467","article-title":"Mother-child positivity and negativity: Family-wide and child-specific main effects and interactions predict child adjustment","volume":"54","author":"Oliver","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dev Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-017-0046-x","article-title":"Childhood behaviour problems show the greatest gap between DNA-based and twin heritability","volume":"7","author":"Cheesman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aan6877","article-title":"The nature of nurture: Effects of parental genotypes","volume":"359","author":"Kong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science (New York, NY)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1017\/thg.2018.11","article-title":"The nature of nurture: Using a virtual-parent design to test parenting effects on children\u2019s educational attainment in genotyped families","volume":"21","author":"Bates","year":"2018","journal-title":"Twin Res Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1745","DOI":"10.1111\/cdev.13329","article-title":"Using DNA from mothers and children to study parental investment in children\u2019s educational attainment","volume":"91","author":"Wertz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Child Dev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.10567.1","article-title":"Using Mendelian randomization to determine causal effects of maternal pregnancy (intrauterine) exposures on offspring outcomes: Sources of bias and methods for assessing them","volume":"2","author":"Lawlor","year":"2017","journal-title":"Wellcome Open Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1007\/s10519-014-9666-6","article-title":"Resolving the effects of maternal and offspring genotype on dyadic outcomes in genome wide complex trait analysis (\u201cM-GCTA\u201d)","volume":"44","author":"Eaves","year":"2014","journal-title":"Behav Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1007\/s10519-020-10036-6","article-title":"Direct and indirect effects of maternal, paternal, and offspring genotypes: Trio-GCTA","volume":"51","author":"Eilertsen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Behav Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-020-01760-1","article-title":"How important are parents in the development of child anxietyF and depression? A genomic analysis of parent-offspring trios in the Norwegian Mother Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa)","volume":"18","author":"Cheesman","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-psych-010213-115100","article-title":"Gene-environment interaction","volume":"65","author":"Manuck","year":"2014","journal-title":"Annu Rev Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.497","article-title":"A\u00a0systematic review of reviews on\u00a0the prevalence of anxiety disorders in adult populations","volume":"6","author":"Remes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Behav"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0890856721001428?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0890856721001428?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T13:09:05Z","timestamp":1778504945000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0890856721001428"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"references-count":98,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0890856721001428"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037","relation":{},"ISSN":["0890-8567"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0890-8567","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Genetically Informed Research: Associations Between Parent Anxiety and Offspring Internalizing Problems","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.037","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a92021 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}