{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T18:45:40Z","timestamp":1788547540252,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693526400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693526400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]],"date-time":"2024-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724889600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":363,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jaacap.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of the American Academy of Child &amp; Adolescent Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,14]],"date-time":"2023-03-14T21:09:03Z","timestamp":1678828143000},"page":"1021-1050","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Antipsychotic-Related Prolactin Levels and Sexual Dysfunction in Mentally Ill Youth: A 3-Month Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Marie T.","family":"Koch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9515-7374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harold E.","family":"Carlson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milad M.","family":"Kazimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7254-5646","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christoph U.","family":"Correll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2018.0037","article-title":"A\u00a0focused review on the treatment of pediatric patients with atypical antipsychotics","volume":"28","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Correll CU, Cortese S, Croatto G, et\u00a0al. Efficacy and acceptability of pharmacological, psychosocial, and brain stimulation interventions in children and adolescents with mental disorders: an umbrella review [Published online ahead of print May 18, 2021]. World Psychiatry. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/wps.20881","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20881"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib3","article-title":"Antipsychotic treatment duration in children and adolescents: a register-based nationwide study [Published online ahead of print March 20, 2020","author":"Varimo","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1577","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-1361","article-title":"Treatment of maladaptive aggression in youth: CERT guidelines II. Treatments and ongoing management","volume":"129","author":"Scotto Rosato","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1097\/01.chi.0000220851.94392.30","article-title":"Endocrine and metabolic adverse effects of psychotropic medications in children and adolescents","volume":"45","author":"Correll","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20765","article-title":"Safety of 80 antidepressants, antipsychotics, anti-attention-deficit\/hyperactivity medications and mood stabilizers in children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders: a large scale systematic meta-review of 78 adverse effects","volume":"19","author":"Solmi","year":"2020","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2010.09.011","article-title":"Metabolic and endocrine adverse effects of second-generation antipsychotics in children and adolescents: a systematic review of randomized, placebo controlled trials and guidelines for clinical practice","volume":"26","author":"De Hert","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2015.2923","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes mellitus in youth exposed to antipsychotics: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"73","author":"Galling","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2015.06.015","article-title":"Neuromotor adverse effects in 342 youth during 12 weeks of naturalistic treatment with 5 second-generation antipsychotics","volume":"54","author":"Carbon","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2015.0141","article-title":"Activating and tranquilizing effects of first-time treatment with aripiprazole, olanzapine, quetiapine, and risperidone in youth","volume":"26","author":"Al-Dhaher","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/1543034","article-title":"Change in prolactin levels in pediatric patients given antipsychotics for schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders: a network meta-analysis","volume":"2018","author":"Balijepalli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Schizophr Res Treatment"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.1549","article-title":"Cardiometabolic risk of second-generation antipsychotic medications during first-time use in children and adolescents","volume":"302","author":"Correll","year":"2009","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"2 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1177\/0269216307087148","article-title":"Prolactin and dopamine: what is the connection? A review article","volume":"22","author":"Fitzgerald","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.29.1.64","article-title":"Antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia","volume":"29","author":"Bostwick","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2291","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200464200-00003","article-title":"Antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinaemia: mechanisms, clinical features and management","volume":"64","author":"Haddad","year":"2004","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2008.0120","article-title":"Antipsychotic medication in children and adolescents: a descriptive review of the effects on prolactin level and associated side effects","volume":"19","author":"Roke","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2053","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.9.12.2053","article-title":"Child and adolescent schizophrenia: pharmacological approaches","volume":"9","author":"Madaan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Expert Opin Pharmacother"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(81)90078-0","article-title":"Tolerance to the prolactin-elevating effect of neuroleptics","volume":"5","author":"Brown","year":"1981","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib19","first-page":"421","article-title":"The effects of novel and newly approved antipsychotics on serum prolactin levels: a comprehensive review","volume":"28","author":"Peuskens","year":"2014","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib20","article-title":"Relationship of prolactin concentrations to steady-state plasma concentrations of aripiprazole in schizophrenia patients","author":"Tasaki","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ther Drug Monit"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib21","series-title":"Prolactin, serum","year":"2020"},{"issue":"1-3","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2016.03.018","article-title":"Prolactin concentrations in antipsychotic-na\u00efve patients with schizophrenia and related disorders: a meta-analysis","volume":"174","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Blanco","year":"2016","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1080\/00926230390195524","article-title":"A\u00a0survey of sexual side effects among severely mentally ill patients taking psychotropic medications: impact on compliance","volume":"29","author":"Rosenberg","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Sex Marital Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2004.14.359","article-title":"The effect of atypical antipsychotic agents on prolactin levels in children and adolescents","volume":"14","author":"Pappagallo","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"2 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881107088439","article-title":"Antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinaemia, hypogonadism and osteoporosis in the treatment of schizophrenia","volume":"22","author":"O'Keane","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v65n1205","article-title":"Effects of psychiatric disorders and psychotropic medications on prolactin and bone metabolism","volume":"65","author":"Misra","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib27","first-page":"197","article-title":"Prolactinoma in children and adolescents","volume":"72","author":"Fideleff","year":"2009","journal-title":"Horm Res"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S6","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-9338(10)71700-4","article-title":"Physical health in schizophrenia: a challenge for antipsychotic therapy","volume":"25","author":"Heald","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2010.00798.x","article-title":"Antipsychotic and mood stabilizer efficacy and tolerability in pediatric and adult patients with bipolar I mania: a comparative analysis of acute, randomized, placebo-controlled trials","volume":"12","author":"Correll","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1687-9856-2010-159402","article-title":"Hyperprolactinemia with antipsychotic drugs in children and adolescents","volume":"2010","author":"Rosenbloom","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Endocrinol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2004.14.350","article-title":"A\u00a0prospective study of hyperprolactinemia in children and adolescents treated with atypical antipsychotic agents","volume":"14","author":"Saito","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib32","first-page":"10","article-title":"Incidence of sexual dysfunction associated with antidepressant agents: a prospective multicenter study of 1022 outpatients. Spanish Working Group for the Study of Psychotropic-Related Sexual Dysfunction","volume":"62","author":"Montejo","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib33","first-page":"218","article-title":"Evidence-based recommendations for monitoring safety of second generation antipsychotics in children and youth","volume":"20","author":"Pringsheim","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Can Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"Fso748","DOI":"10.2144\/fsoa-2021-0047","article-title":"A\u00a0link between migraine and prolactin: the way forward","volume":"7","author":"Gazerani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Future Sci OA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib36","series-title":"ECDEU Assessment Manual for Psychopharmacology","first-page":"223","author":"Guy","year":"1976"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2009.09060802","article-title":"International consensus study of antipsychotic dosing","volume":"167","author":"Gardner","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.08.013","article-title":"Prolactin levels influenced by antipsychotic drugs in schizophrenia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"237","author":"Zhu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"issue":"10202","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31135-3","article-title":"Comparative efficacy and tolerability of 32 oral antipsychotics for the acute treatment of adults with multi-episode schizophrenia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"394","author":"Huhn","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"10 Suppl 17","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1017\/S1092852900026298","article-title":"Balancing efficacy and safety in treatment with antipsychotics","volume":"12","author":"Correll","year":"2007","journal-title":"CNS Spectr"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1097\/YIC.0b013e328341e434","article-title":"A\u00a0meta-analysis of sexual dysfunction in psychiatric patients taking antipsychotics","volume":"26","author":"Serretti","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2019.02.119","article-title":"Development of ovulatory menstrual cycles in adolescent girls","volume":"32","author":"Carlson","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.3949\/ccjm.71.6.511","article-title":"Gynecomastia: its features, and when and how to treat it","volume":"71","author":"Bembo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cleve Clin J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib44","first-page":"149","article-title":"Clinical manifestations, evaluation and management of hyperprolactinemia in adolescent and young girls: a brief review","volume":"90","author":"Matalliotakis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Biomed"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-018-0710-8","article-title":"Clinical presentation and management of headache in pituitary tumors","volume":"22","author":"Suri","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Pain Headache Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20387","article-title":"Antipsychotic augmentation vs monotherapy in schizophrenia: systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression analysis","volume":"16","author":"Galling","year":"2017","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib47","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of adjunctive aripiprazole, metformin, and paeoniae-glycyrrhiza decoction for antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2017.0158","article-title":"Hormonal risk factors for osteoporosis: different profile among antipsychotics","volume":"28","author":"Raffin","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(21)00241-8","article-title":"Antipsychotic use and risk of breast cancer in women with schizophrenia: a nationwide nested case-control study in Finland","volume":"8","author":"Taipale","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007_bib50","first-page":"243","article-title":"Antipsychotic treatment, prolactin, and breast tumorigenesis","volume":"28","author":"De Hert","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychiatr Danub"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Academy of Child &amp; Adolescent Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0890856723001259?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0890856723001259?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T14:35:33Z","timestamp":1760193333000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0890856723001259"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0890856723001259"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0890-8567"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0890-8567","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Antipsychotic-Related Prolactin Levels and Sexual Dysfunction in Mentally Ill Youth: A 3-Month Cohort Study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.03.007","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a92023 American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}