{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T03:30:29Z","timestamp":1784172629211,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,1]],"date-time":"2004-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1093996800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,1]],"date-time":"2004-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1093996800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jaad.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,31]],"date-time":"2004-08-31T16:30:36Z","timestamp":1093969836000},"page":"383-390","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":84,"title":["Characteristics of genetic epidemiology and genetic models for vitiligo"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Xue-Jun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiang-Bo","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin-Ping","family":"Gui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quan-Geng","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong-Bo","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin-Xian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sen","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong-Yan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1470.2000.01749.x","article-title":"Characteristics of vitiligo in Korean children","volume":"17","author":"Cho","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044_BIB2","series-title":"Vitiligo","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044_BIB3","series-title":"Vitiligo","first-page":"18","article-title":"Genetics and prevalence of vitiligo vulgaris","author":"Majumder","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044_BIB4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.2340\/0001555563249251","article-title":"The genetics of vitiligo","volume":"63","author":"Hafez","year":"1983","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044_BIB5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1002\/gepi.1370020107","article-title":"Studies on vitiligo, I: epidemiological profile in Calcutta, India","volume":"2","author":"Das","year":"1985","journal-title":"Genet Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044_BIB6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0749.2003.00032.x","article-title":"Epidemiology of vitiligo and associated autoimmune diseases in Caucasian probands and their families","volume":"16","author":"Alkhateeb","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044_BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"994","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1993.01680290066010","article-title":"Pattern of familial aggregation of vitiligo","volume":"129","author":"Majumder","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044_BIB8","first-page":"19","article-title":"A genetical model for vitiligo","volume":"43","author":"Majumder","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044_BIB9","first-page":"981","article-title":"Genetic epidemiology of vitiligo: multilocus recessivity cross-validated","volume":"55","author":"Nath","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044_BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1016\/S0738-081X(97)00128-4","article-title":"The epidemiology and genetics of vitiligo","volume":"15","author":"Nordlund","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044_BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.1998.00549.x","article-title":"The genetics of vitiligo in Korean patients","volume":"37","author":"Kim","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044_BIB12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2001.04288.x","article-title":"Linkage and association of HLA class II genes with vitiligo in a Dutch population","volume":"145","author":"Zamani","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044_BIB13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.1086\/324470","article-title":"Evidence for a susceptibility gene, SLEV1, on chromosome 17p13 in families with vitiligo-related systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"69","author":"Nath","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044_BIB14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-002-0687-5","article-title":"Vitiligo: complex segregation and linkage disequilibrium analyses with respect to microsatellite loci spanning the HLA","volume":"110","author":"Arcos-Burgos","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044_BIB15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/11.6.661","article-title":"Mapping of an autoimmunity susceptibility locus (AIS1) to chromosome 1p31.3-p32.2","volume":"11","author":"Alkhateeb","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044_BIB16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0749.2001.140608.x","article-title":"VIT1, a novel gene associated with vitiligo","volume":"14","author":"Le Poole","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044_BIB17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1560","DOI":"10.1086\/375451","article-title":"A genomewide screen for generalized vitiligo: confirmation of AIS1 on chromosome 1p31 and evidence for additional susceptibility loci","volume":"72","author":"Fain","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044_BIB18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0749.2002.00057.x","article-title":"Genetic association of the catalase gene (CAT) with vitiligo susceptibility","volume":"15","author":"Casp","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044_BIB19","series-title":"Vitiligo","first-page":"35","article-title":"Clinical features of generalized vitiligo","author":"Hann","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044_BIB20","first-page":"406","article-title":"An epidemiological survey on four skin diseases in Anhui","volume":"35","author":"Xu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chin J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044_BIB21","series-title":"Methodology in medical genetics","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044_BIB22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.2307\/2531211","article-title":"Regressive logistic models for familial disease and other binary traits","volume":"42","author":"Bonney","year":"1986","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044_BIB23","unstructured":"SAGE for release 3.1. Computer program package from the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Rammelkamp Center for Education and Research, MetroHealth Campus. Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH. 1998."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044_BIB24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1109\/TAC.1974.1100705","article-title":"A new look at the statistical model identification","volume":"19","author":"Akaike","year":"1974","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Autom Control AC"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044_BIB25","series-title":"Case-control studies","author":"Schlesselman","year":"1982"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044_BIB26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1002\/gepi.10210","article-title":"Genetic association tests with age at onset","volume":"24","author":"Hsu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Genet Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044_BIB27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8635(05)70416-2","article-title":"Recent investigations in vitiligo vulgaris","volume":"15","author":"Nordlund","year":"1997","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044_BIB28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1958.01560090080017","article-title":"A study of certain contributory factors in the development of vitiligo in South Indian patients","volume":"78","author":"Levai","year":"1958","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044_BIB29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.5021\/ad.1994.6.1.22","article-title":"Clinical study of vitiligo: comparative study of type A and type B vitiligo","volume":"6","author":"Song","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044_BIB30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1977.01640010049006","article-title":"Prevalence of vitiligo: epidemiological survey of the Isle of Bornholm, Denmark","volume":"113","author":"Howitz","year":"1977","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044_BIB31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(96)90718-5","article-title":"Segmental vitiligo: clinical findings in 208 patients","volume":"35","author":"Hann","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044_BIB32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2001.03952.x","article-title":"Increased sensitivity of melanocytes to oxidative stress and abnormal expression of tyrosinase-related protein in vitiligo","volume":"144","author":"Jimbow","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044_BIB33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1996.tb02233.x","article-title":"Occupational vitiligo following allergic contact dermatitis","volume":"34","author":"Riordan","year":"1996","journal-title":"Contact Dermatitis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044_BIB34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1995.tb02968.x","article-title":"Sunlight-induced acquired hypomelanosis and amelanosis implication of the ultra-violet radiation-induced oxidative damage","volume":"34","author":"Corrales-Padilla","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044_BIB35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.1993.tb00023.x","article-title":"Review of the etiopathomechanism of vitiligo: a convergence theory","volume":"2","author":"Le Poole","year":"1993","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0190962204005535?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0190962204005535?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T21:35:42Z","timestamp":1759268142000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0190962204005535"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,9]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0190962204005535"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044","relation":{},"ISSN":["0190-9622"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0190-9622","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Characteristics of genetic epidemiology and genetic models for vitiligo","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"converted-article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2004 American Academy of Dermatology, Inc. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}