{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T05:38:10Z","timestamp":1792301890018,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":218,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,1]],"date-time":"2011-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1314835200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,1]],"date-time":"2011-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1314835200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jaad.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,24]],"date-time":"2011-08-24T07:16:33Z","timestamp":1314170193000},"page":"473-491","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":593,"title":["Vitiligo: A comprehensive overview"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Ali","family":"Alikhan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lesley M.","family":"Felsten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meaghan","family":"Daly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vesna","family":"Petronic-Rosic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2009.03770.x","article-title":"Case detection rates of vitiligo by gender and age","volume":"48","author":"Kyriakis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-008-0900-z","article-title":"The analysis of genetics and associated autoimmune diseases in Chinese vitiligo patients","volume":"301","author":"Zhang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.2307\/2137152","article-title":"Racial variation in reaction to physical stigma: a study of degree of disturbance by vitiligo among black and white patients","volume":"32","author":"Porter","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Health Soc Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.1989.tb00265.x","article-title":"Survey of cutaneous lesions in Indian newborns","volume":"6","author":"Nanda","year":"1989","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2008.00495.x","article-title":"Prevalence of skin diseases among pediatric patients in Turkey","volume":"35","author":"Tamer","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib6","first-page":"160","article-title":"Clinical practice. Vitiligo","volume":"360","author":"Taieb","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0749.2006.00355.x","article-title":"The definition and assessment of vitiligo: a consensus report of the Vitiligo European Task Force","volume":"20","author":"Taieb","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2008.08881.x","article-title":"Guideline for the diagnosis and management of vitiligo","volume":"159","author":"Gawkrodger","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1016\/S0738-081X(97)00125-9","article-title":"Pathophysiology of vitiligo","volume":"15","author":"Castanet","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2004.02059.x","article-title":"What patients with vitiligo believe about their condition","volume":"43","author":"Firooz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2006.02848.x","article-title":"Vitiligo prevalence study in Shaanxi Province, China","volume":"46","author":"Lu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1977.01640010049006","article-title":"Prevalence of vitiligo. Epidemiological survey on the Isle of Bornholm, Denmark","volume":"113","author":"Howitz","year":"1977","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1002\/gepi.1370020107","article-title":"Studies on vitiligo. I. Epidemiological profile in Calcutta, India","volume":"2","author":"Das","year":"1985","journal-title":"Genet Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-148X.2008.00462.x","article-title":"The ACE gene I\/ D polymorphism is not associated with generalized vitiligo susceptibility in Gujarat population","volume":"21","author":"Dwivedi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2004.01948.x","article-title":"Late onset vitiligo: a study of 182 patients","volume":"44","author":"Dogra","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2003.01908.x","article-title":"Vitiligo in the Nigerian African: a study of 351 patients in Benin City, Nigeria","volume":"42","author":"Onunu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib17","series-title":"Fitzpatrick\u2019s dermatology in general medicine","first-page":"72","article-title":"Vitiligo","author":"Halder","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0749.2003.00032.x","article-title":"Epidemiology of vitiligo and associated autoimmune diseases in Caucasian probands and their families","volume":"16","author":"Alkhateeb","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.1976.tb00971.x","article-title":"Clinical pattern of vitiligo amongst Indians","volume":"3","author":"Sehgal","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib20","first-page":"119","article-title":"Genetic epidemiology and heritability of vitiligo in the Qassim region of Saudi Arabia","volume":"18","author":"Alzolibani","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Dermatovenerol Alp Panonica Adriat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.1999.tb02067.x","article-title":"Vitiligo: clinical findings in 1436 patients","volume":"26","author":"Handa","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.5144\/0256-4947.1993.332","article-title":"Vitiligo: epidemiology and clinical pattern at King Khalid University Hospital","volume":"13","author":"Jarallah","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ann Saudi Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib23","first-page":"1414","article-title":"Assessment of quality of life in Saudi patients with vitiligo in a medical school in Qassim province, Saudi Arabia","volume":"28","author":"Al Robaee","year":"2007","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1470.2003.20304.x","article-title":"Epidemiology of childhood vitiligo: a study of 625 patients from north India","volume":"20","author":"Handa","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1992.tb03978.x","article-title":"Vitiligo in children","volume":"31","author":"Jaisankar","year":"1992","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.45141","article-title":"Life quality assessment among patients with vitiligo: comparison of married and single patients in Iran","volume":"74","author":"Dolatshahi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/S1550-8579(06)80201-9","article-title":"Quality of life with vitiligo: comparison of male and female Muslim patients in Iran","volume":"3","author":"Borimnejad","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gend Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1159\/000128992","article-title":"Benefit evaluation in vitiligo treatment: development and validation of a patient-defined outcome questionnaire","volume":"217","author":"Augustin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2009.09077.x","article-title":"Objective vs. subjective factors in the psychological impact of vitiligo: the experience from a French referral centre","volume":"161","author":"Kostopoulou","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2009.09091.x","article-title":"Willingness-to-pay and quality of life in patients with vitiligo","volume":"161","author":"Radtke","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib31","first-page":"632","article-title":"Psychiatric morbidity and quality of life in Vitiligo: a case controlled study [in French]","volume":"84","author":"Mechri","year":"2006","journal-title":"Tunis Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2005.06456.x","article-title":"Effect of vitiligo on self-reported health-related quality of life","volume":"152","author":"Ongenae","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-5945-4-8","article-title":"DLQI scores in vitiligo: reliability and validity of the Persian version","volume":"4","author":"Aghaei","year":"2004","journal-title":"BMC Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.1996.tb00116.x","article-title":"Factors affecting responses on Dermatology Life Quality Index items among vitiligo sufferers","volume":"21","author":"Kent","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2003.05097_9.x","article-title":"Dermatology Life Quality Index score in vitiligo and its impact on the treatment outcome","volume":"148","author":"Parsad","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2009.03.022","article-title":"The burden of vitiligo: patient characteristics associated with quality of life","volume":"61","author":"Linthorst Homan","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2009.00646.x","article-title":"Quality of life for Korean patients with vitiligo: Skindex-29 and its correlation with clinical profiles","volume":"36","author":"Kim do","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/S0151-9638(07)91814-1","article-title":"Vitiligo and quality of life: a case-control study [in French]","volume":"134","author":"Belhadjali","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2006.01897.x","article-title":"Stigmatization experience, coping and sense of coherence in vitiligo patients","volume":"21","author":"Schmid-Ott","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1080\/00926230600998482","article-title":"The problems in sexual functions of vitiligo and chronic urticaria patients","volume":"33","author":"Sukan","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Sex Marital Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-3083.2002.00590.x","article-title":"Psychiatric morbidity in vitiligo: prevalence and correlates in India","volume":"16","author":"Mattoo","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2001.tb00004.x","article-title":"Psychiatric morbidity in vitiligo and psoriasis: a comparative study from India","volume":"28","author":"Mattoo","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(96)90112-7","article-title":"Psychologic effects of vitiligo: a critical incident analysis","volume":"35","author":"Kent","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2001.tb00003.x","article-title":"Psychiatric morbidity in psoriasis and vitiligo: a comparative study","volume":"28","author":"Sharma","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2009.03452.x","article-title":"Quality of life and psychological adaptation of Korean adolescents with vitiligo","volume":"24","author":"Choi","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib46","series-title":"Dermatology","first-page":"928","article-title":"Vitiligo and other disorders of hypopigmentation","author":"Ortonne","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib47","first-page":"51","article-title":"400 cases of vitiligo. A clinico-therapeutic analysis","volume":"17","author":"Behl","year":"1972","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib48","series-title":"Rook\u2019s textbook of dermatology","first-page":"39","article-title":"Disorders of skin colour","author":"Bleehen","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2008.03377.x","article-title":"Vitiligo on anterior aspect of neck in Muslim females: case series","volume":"47","author":"El-Din Anbar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1344","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2007.02275.x","article-title":"Preliminary evaluation of vitiligo using in\u00a0vivo reflectance confocal microscopy","volume":"21","author":"Ardigo","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2005.01779.x","article-title":"Vitiligo presentation in adults","volume":"30","author":"Mason","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2008.02844.x","article-title":"Vitiligo precipitated by striae: a little known entity","volume":"23","author":"Verma","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib53","first-page":"145","article-title":"Epidemiological study of vitiligo in Surat area, South Gujarat","volume":"61","author":"Mehta","year":"1973","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2006.02106.x","article-title":"Stress in patients with alopecia areata and vitiligo","volume":"21","author":"Manolache","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib55","first-page":"277","article-title":"Trigger factors in childhood psoriasis and vitiligo","volume":"28","author":"Barisi\u0107-Drusko","year":"2004","journal-title":"Coll Antropol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.1997.00162.x","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of progressive vitiligo","volume":"36","author":"Hann","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2009.06.081","article-title":"Segmental and nonsegmental childhood vitiligo has distinct clinical characteristics: a prospective observational study","volume":"62","author":"Mazereeuw-Hautier","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.1997.00320.x","article-title":"The progression of nonsegmental vitiligo: clinical analysis of 318 patients","volume":"36","author":"Chun","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib59","first-page":"526","article-title":"Vitiligo: pathomechanisms and genetic polymorphism of susceptible genes","volume":"44","author":"Shajil","year":"2006","journal-title":"Indian J Exp Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1982.01650130009007","article-title":"Vitiligo. It is important","volume":"118","author":"Nordlund","year":"1982","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib61","first-page":"129","article-title":"Clinical characteristics in 113 Turkish vitiligo patients","volume":"17","author":"Arycan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Dermatovenerol Alp Panonica Adriat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(96)90718-5","article-title":"Segmental vitiligo: clinical findings in 208 patients","volume":"35","author":"Hann","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1016\/0190-9622(95)91282-7","article-title":"An epidemiologic case-control study in a population with vitiligo","volume":"33","author":"Barona","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1062","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.144.8.1062","article-title":"Characteristics of patients with universal vitiligo and health-related quality of life","volume":"144","author":"Linthorst Homan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(00)90170-1","article-title":"Clinical and histopathologic characteristics of trichrome vitiligo","volume":"42","author":"Hann","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e125","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2008.03155.x","article-title":"Dermatoscopy of blue vitiligo","volume":"34","author":"Chandrashekar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2008.08815.x","article-title":"Chemical leucoderma: a clinico-aetiological study of 864 cases in the perspective of a developing country","volume":"160","author":"Ghosh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1989.tb02485.x","article-title":"Vitiligo in Ibadan, Nigeria. Incidence, presentation, and problems in management","volume":"28","author":"George","year":"1989","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"issue":"suppl 21","key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1981.tb01310.x","article-title":"Occupational vitiligo: clinical and epidemiological aspects","volume":"105","author":"Stevenson","year":"1981","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1996.tb02105.x","article-title":"Occupational dermatitis in shoemakers","volume":"34","author":"Mancuso","year":"1996","journal-title":"Contact Derm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib71","first-page":"961","article-title":"Late skin symptoms of arsenic poisoning in the arsenic endemy in Bugac-Alsomonostor","volume":"58","author":"Nagy","year":"1983","journal-title":"Z Hautkr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1097\/DAD.0b013e3181651511","article-title":"Histopathologic features in vitiligo","volume":"30","author":"Kim","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Dermatopathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib73","first-page":"463","article-title":"Thyroid abnormalities in pediatric patients with vitiligo in New York City","volume":"81","author":"Pagovich","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1159\/000081479","article-title":"Relevance of thyroiditis and of other autoimmune diseases in children with vitiligo","volume":"210","author":"Iacovelli","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2005.03.032","article-title":"Increased prevalence of chronic autoimmune (Hashimoto\u2019s) thyroiditis in children and adolescents with vitiligo","volume":"53","author":"Kakourou","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2983","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-021845","article-title":"Polyglandular autoimmune syndromes: immunogenetics and long-term follow-up","volume":"88","author":"Dittmar","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib77","first-page":"85","article-title":"Vitiligo, autoimmune thyroiditis: a rare thyroid cancer arising with bone metastates on maxillofacial area","volume":"18","author":"Frati","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Exp Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2007.09.021","article-title":"Skin findings in thyroid diseases","volume":"20","author":"Artantas","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib79","first-page":"89","article-title":"Vitiligo in autoimmune thyroid disease","volume":"3","author":"Shong","year":"1991","journal-title":"Thyroidology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.1993.tb01363.x","article-title":"Increased incidence of antismooth muscle antibody in Korean vitiligo patients","volume":"20","author":"Hann","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.2340\/0001555563246249","article-title":"Psoriasis and vitiligo","volume":"63","author":"Powell","year":"1983","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2008.02868.x","article-title":"Red in white sea sign","volume":"23","author":"Chandrashekar","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1684\/ejd.2008.0563","article-title":"Clinical analysis of hearing levels in vitiligo patients","volume":"19","author":"Hong","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.32710","article-title":"Vitiligo: a part of a systemic autoimmune process","volume":"73","author":"Gopal","year":"2007","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(52)91326-3","article-title":"Bilateral uveitis, poliosis, and vitiligo; with an hereditary factor","volume":"35","author":"Flynn","year":"1952","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(79)35413-6","article-title":"Ocular abnormalities occurring with vitiligo","volume":"86","author":"Albert","year":"1979","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2081","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1978.03910060461015","article-title":"Iritis in patients with cutaneous melanoma and vitiligo","volume":"96","author":"Albert","year":"1978","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(86)70136-9","article-title":"Ocular disturbances in vitiligo","volume":"15","author":"Cowan","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1979.04010050060026","article-title":"Vitiligo and melanoma","volume":"115","author":"Nordlund","year":"1979","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1987.01660320095019","article-title":"Prognostic significance of hypopigmentation in malignant melanoma","volume":"123","author":"Bystryn","year":"1987","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib91","first-page":"443","article-title":"Coexisting malignant melanoma and vitiligo in a Nigerian","volume":"10","author":"Alabi","year":"1991","journal-title":"West Afr J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1159\/000247693","article-title":"Vitiligo and cutaneous melanoma. A case study","volume":"183","author":"Schallreuter","year":"1991","journal-title":"Dermatologica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2008.09.033","article-title":"Incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer in a cohort of patients with vitiligo","volume":"60","author":"Hexsel","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S227","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2001.103990","article-title":"Squamous cell carcinoma in a patient with generalized vitiligo","volume":"45","author":"Seo","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1829","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199006283222601","article-title":"Clinical variation of autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) in a series of 68 patients","volume":"322","author":"Ahonen","year":"1990","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1086\/381134","article-title":"Novel vitiligo susceptibility loci on chromosomes 7 (AIS2) and 8 (AIS3), confirmation of SLEV1 on chromosome 17, and their roles in an autoimmune diathesis","volume":"74","author":"Spritz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320180110","article-title":"Linkage analysis in a large kindred with autosomal dominant transmission of polyglandular autoimmune disease type II (Schmidt syndrome)","volume":"18","author":"Butler","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2001.110879","article-title":"Inflammatory vitiligo in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease","volume":"44","author":"Tsuruta","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1159\/000018067","article-title":"Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease: extensive vitiligo with prodromal generalized erythroderma","volume":"198","author":"Wong","year":"1999","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8635(18)30669-7","article-title":"Vitiligo and the Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome","volume":"6","author":"Barnes","year":"1988","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-006-9017-6","article-title":"Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease in Hispanic patients","volume":"27","author":"Sukavatcharin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"suppl 9","key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib102","first-page":"S26","article-title":"Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease in Thai patients","volume":"88","author":"Tesavibul","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Med Assoc Thai"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1076\/ocii.6.3.155.4041","article-title":"Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome in children","volume":"6","author":"Rathinam","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ocul Immunol Inflamm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib104","first-page":"746","article-title":"Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome. Epidemiological, clinical and disease progression aspects. Twenty cases [in French]","volume":"21","author":"Boutimzine","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Fr Ophtalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.30332","article-title":"Autoimmune disorders in Kabuki syndrome","volume":"132A","author":"Ming","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8628(19981204)80:4<362::AID-AJMG11>3.0.CO;2-W","article-title":"Severe congenital anomalies requiring transplantation in children with Kabuki syndrome","volume":"80","author":"Ewart-Toland","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1097\/00019605-200110000-00004","article-title":"Clinical phenotypes of nine cases of Kabuki syndrome from New Zealand","volume":"10","author":"McGaughran","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Dysmorphol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(08)80584-1","article-title":"Suspected Alezzandrini\u2019s syndrome in a diabetic patient with unilateral retinal detachment and ipsilateral vitiligo and poliosis","volume":"26","author":"Hoffman","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1999.02761.x","article-title":"Increased prevalence of vitiligo, but no evidence of premature ageing, in the skin of patients with bp 3243 mutation in mitochondrial DNA in the mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes syndrome (MELAS)","volume":"140","author":"Karvonen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2003.01743.x","article-title":"Value of histopathology in vitiligo","volume":"42","author":"Montes","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib111","series-title":"Lever\u2019s histopathology of the skin","first-page":"689","article-title":"Pigmentary disorders of the skin","author":"Kovarik","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1097\/00008390-199702000-00007","article-title":"Mel-5: a novel antibody for differential diagnosis of epidermal pigmented lesions of the skin in paraffin-embedded sections","volume":"7","author":"Bhawan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Melanoma Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1983.tb02178.x","article-title":"Histopathology of vitiliginous skin","volume":"22","author":"Gokhale","year":"1983","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1538","article-title":"Mechanisms underlying the dysfunction of melanocytes in vitiligo epidermis: role of SCF\/KIT protein interactions and the downstream effector, MITF-M","volume":"202","author":"Kitamura","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2009.03233.x","article-title":"The hair follicle melanocytes in vitiligo in relation to disease duration","volume":"23","author":"Anbar","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.1993.tb00023.x","article-title":"Review of the etiopathomechanism of vitiligo: a convergence theory","volume":"2","author":"Le Poole","year":"1993","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib117","first-page":"981","article-title":"Genetic epidemiologyof vitiligo: multilocus recessivity cross-validated","volume":"55","author":"Nath","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib118","series-title":"Vitiligo: a monograph on the basic and clinical science","article-title":"Genetics and prevalence of vitiligo vulgaris","author":"Majumder","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2006.02907.x","article-title":"Genetic epidemiology of vitiligo: a study of 815 probands and their families from south China","volume":"45","author":"Sun","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.044","article-title":"Characteristics of genetic epidemiology and genetic models for vitiligo","volume":"51","author":"Zhang","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2005.06.004","article-title":"The genetic concept of vitiligo","volume":"39","author":"Zhang","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Dermatol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2006.01899.x","article-title":"Association of vitiligo with HLA-A2: a meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Liu","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1159\/000131501","article-title":"The genetics of generalized vitiligo","volume":"10","author":"Spritz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Dir Autoimmun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-148X.2009.00543.x","article-title":"CTLA4 and generalized vitiligo: two genetic association studies and a meta-analysis of published data","volume":"22","author":"Birlea","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gene.6364243","article-title":"A single-nucleotide polymorphism in the gene encoding lymphoid protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPN22) confers susceptibility to generalised vitiligo","volume":"6","author":"Canton","year":"2005","journal-title":"Genes Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib126","first-page":"146","article-title":"Might there be a link between mannose binding lectin and vitiligo?","volume":"17","author":"Onay","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa061592","article-title":"NALP1 in vitiligo-associated multiple autoimmune disease","volume":"356","author":"Jin","year":"2007","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000523","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1000523","article-title":"Genetic variation of promoter sequence modulates XBP1 expression and genetic risk for vitiligo","volume":"5","author":"Ren","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/11.6.661","article-title":"Mapping of an autoimmunity susceptibility locus (AIS1) to chromosome 1p31.3-p32.2","volume":"11","author":"Alkhateeb","year":"2002","journal-title":"Human Mol Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1560","DOI":"10.1086\/375451","article-title":"A genomewide screen for generalized vitiligo: confirmation of AIS1 on chromosome 1p31 and evidence for additional susceptibility loci","volume":"72","author":"Fain","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2009.273","article-title":"Fine-mapping of vitiligo susceptibility loci on chromosomes 7 and 9 and interactions with NLRP1 (NALP1)","volume":"130","author":"Jin","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(83)70182-9","article-title":"Vitiligo in patients with metastatic melanoma: a good prognostic sign","volume":"9","author":"Nordlund","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2002.117215","article-title":"Transfer of vitiligo after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation","volume":"46","author":"Alajlan","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2001.04500.x","article-title":"Generalized vitiligo after lymphocyte infusion for relapsed leukaemia","volume":"145","author":"Au","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02120-6","article-title":"Adoptive transfer of vitiligo after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for non-Hodgkin\u2019s lymphoma","volume":"355","author":"Neumeister","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)04215-4","article-title":"Extensive vitiligo after ganciclovir treatment of GvHD in a patient who had received donor T cells expressing herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase","volume":"355","author":"Aubin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12470453","article-title":"Enhanced integumental and ocular amelanosis following the termination of cyclosporine administration","volume":"88","author":"Pardue","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-1229(81)90229-4","article-title":"Effect of bursectomy on development of a spontaneous postnatal amelanosis","volume":"21","author":"Lamont","year":"1981","journal-title":"Clin Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/0738-081X(89)90063-1","article-title":"Serum antibodies in vitiligo patients","volume":"7","author":"Bystryn","year":"1989","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12555773","article-title":"Identification of pigment cell antigens defined by vitiligo antibodies","volume":"98","author":"Cui","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0749.1995.tb00774.x","article-title":"Characterization of vitiligo antigens","volume":"8","author":"Cui","year":"1995","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0749.1988.tb00801.x","article-title":"Enhanced susceptibility of melanoctyes to different immunologic effector mechanisms in\u00a0vitro: potential mechanisms for postinflammatory hypopigmentation and vitiligo","volume":"1","author":"Norris","year":"1988","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(94)91709-4","article-title":"The role of tyrosinase in autoimmune vitiligo","volume":"344","author":"Song","year":"1994","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.1996.d01-727.x","article-title":"Tyrosinase as an autoantigen in patients with vitiligo","volume":"105","author":"Baharav","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.135.4.417","article-title":"Vitiligo antibodies are not directed to tyrosinase","volume":"135","author":"Xie","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.1998.00411.x","article-title":"Anti-tyrosinase-related protein-2 immune response in\u00a0vitiligo patients and melanoma patients receiving active-specific immunotherapy","volume":"111","author":"Okamoto","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.1997.4781381.x","article-title":"Immunoprecipitation of melanogenic enzyme autoantigens with vitiligo sera: evidence for cross-reactive autoantibodies to tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein-2 (TRP-2)","volume":"109","author":"Kemp","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1998.02503.x","article-title":"Autoantibodies to tyrosinase-related protein-1 detected in the sera of vitiligo patients using a quantitative radiobinding assay","volume":"139","author":"Kemp","year":"1998","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35390","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M102391200","article-title":"The transcription factors SOX9 and SOX10 are vitiligo autoantigens in autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I","volume":"276","author":"Hedstrand","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12476636","article-title":"Cytolytic antibodies to melanocytes in vitiligo","volume":"100","author":"Cui","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(86)70260-0","article-title":"Correlation between vitiligo antibodies and extent of depigmentation in vitiligo","volume":"15","author":"Naughton","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12492607","article-title":"Relation between the incidence and level of pigment cell antibodies and disease activity in vitiligo","volume":"97","author":"Harning","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12461505","article-title":"Evidence for immunologic mechanisms in human vitiligo: patients\u2019 sera induce damage to human melanocytes in\u00a0vitro by complement-mediated damage and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity","volume":"90","author":"Norris","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12324456","article-title":"In vivo destruction of melanocytes by the IgG fraction of serum from patients with vitiligo","volume":"105","author":"Gilhar","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0749.2003.00023.x","article-title":"Evidence for an autoimmune pathogenesis of vitiligo","volume":"16","author":"Ongenae","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.1992.tb03211.x","article-title":"Epidermal changes in active vitiligo","volume":"19","author":"Hann","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib157","first-page":"1219","article-title":"Presence of T cells and macrophages in inflammatory vitiligo skin parallels melanocyte disappearance","volume":"148","author":"Le Poole","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1711700209","article-title":"An immunohistological study of cutaneous lymphocytes in vitiligo","volume":"170","author":"Badri","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.188.6.1203","article-title":"High frequency of skin-homing melanocyte-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in autoimmune vitiligo","volume":"188","author":"Ogg","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2001.01408.x","article-title":"Specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses against Melan-A\/MART1, tyrosinase and gp100 in vitiligo by the use of major histocompatibility complex\/peptide tetramers: the role of cellular immunity in the etiopathogenesis of vitiligo","volume":"117","author":"Palermo","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2001.01363.x","article-title":"HLA-A2 restricted, melanocyte-specific CD8(+) T lymphocytes detected in vitiligo patients are related to disease activity and are predominantly directed against MelanA\/MART1","volume":"116","author":"Lang","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.1999.00805.x","article-title":"Accumulation of identical T cells in melanoma and vitiligo-like leukoderma","volume":"113","author":"Becker","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0215(20000515)86:4<538::AID-IJC16>3.0.CO;2-G","article-title":"Clonal expansion of Melan A-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in a melanoma patient responding to continued immunization with melanoma-associated peptides","volume":"86","author":"Jager","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib164","series-title":"Vitiligo","article-title":"Neural pathogenesis","author":"Orecchia","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1994.tb08486.x","article-title":"Neuropeptide and neuronal marker studies in vitiligo","volume":"131","author":"Al\u2019Abadie","year":"1994","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02505037","article-title":"Increased monoamine oxidase A activity in the epidermis of patients with vitiligo","volume":"288","author":"Schallreuter","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1159\/000146813","article-title":"Modulation of melanocytic activity by acetylcholine","volume":"136","author":"Iyengar","year":"1989","journal-title":"Acta Anat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0749.1992.tb00003.x","article-title":"Catecholamines and vitiligo","volume":"5","author":"Morrone","year":"1992","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib169","first-page":"33","article-title":"Changes in the content of epinephrine and norepinephrine in the blood of patients with vitiligo [in Russian]","volume":"47","author":"Durneva","year":"1973","journal-title":"Vestn Dermatol Venerol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1159\/000246657","article-title":"Investigation of the personality structure in patients with vitiligo and a possible association with impaired catecholamine metabolism","volume":"190","author":"Salzer","year":"1995","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1159\/000246877","article-title":"Normal-range plasma catecholamines in patients with generalized and acrofacial vitiligo: preliminary report","volume":"189","author":"Orecchia","year":"1994","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/0925-4439(94)90027-2","article-title":"Defective tetrahydrobiopterin and catecholamine biosynthesis in the depigmentation disorder vitiligo","volume":"1226","author":"Schallreuter","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00370732","article-title":"Catechol-O-methyltransferase in vitiligo","volume":"286","author":"Le Poole","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib174","series-title":"Vitiligo","article-title":"autocytotoxic hypothesis for the destruction of melanocytes as the cause of vitiligo","author":"Hann","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1444","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8128228","article-title":"Regulation of melanin biosynthesis in the human epidermis by tetrahydrobiopterin","volume":"263","author":"Schallreuter","year":"1994","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1994.2423","article-title":"Cytotoxicity of 6-biopterin to human melanocytes","volume":"204","author":"Schallreuter","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12492612","article-title":"Low catalase levels in the epidermis of patients with vitiligo","volume":"97","author":"Schallreuter","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jidsp.5640189","article-title":"In vivo and in\u00a0vitro evidence for hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation in the epidermis of patients with vitiligo and its successful removal by a UVB-activated pseudocatalase","volume":"4","author":"Schallreuter","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0749.2002.00057.x","article-title":"Genetic association of the catalase gene (CAT) with vitiligo susceptibility","volume":"15","author":"Casp","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1126\/science.150.3692.72","article-title":"Catalase: kinetics of photooxidation","volume":"150","author":"Aronoff","year":"1965","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1999.02980.x","article-title":"Serum selenium levels and blood glutathione peroxidase activities in vitiligo","volume":"141","author":"Beazley","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02505036","article-title":"Defective calcium transport in vitiliginous melanocytes","volume":"288","author":"Schallreuter-Wood","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0749.2003.00070.x","article-title":"A critical appraisal of vitiligo etiologic theories. Is melanocyte loss a melanocytorrhagy?","volume":"16","author":"Gauthier","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2003.05024.x","article-title":"Melanocyte detachment after skin friction in non lesional skin of patients with generalized vitiligo","volume":"148","author":"Gauthier","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1997.18011894.x","article-title":"Tenascin is overexpressed in vitiligo lesional skin and inhibits melanocyte adhesion","volume":"137","author":"Le Poole","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0022-202X.2005.23667.x","article-title":"Less keratinocyte-derived factors related to more keratinocyte apoptosis in depigmented than normally pigmented suction-blistered epidermis may cause passive melanocyte death in vitiligo","volume":"124","author":"Lee","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1990.01670250062009","article-title":"Vitiligo is associated with HLA-DR4 in black patients. A preliminary report","volume":"126","author":"Dunston","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-002-0687-5","article-title":"Vitiligo: complex segregation and linkage disequilibrium analyses with respect to microsatellite loci spanning the HLA","volume":"110","author":"Arcos-Burgos","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0749.2005.00279.x","article-title":"HLA class II haplotype DRB1\u221704-DQB1\u22170301 contributes to risk of familial generalized vitiligo and early disease onset","volume":"19","author":"Fain","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(83)80279-5","article-title":"Association of HLA-DR4 with vitiligo","volume":"8","author":"Foley","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2001.04288.x","article-title":"Linkage and association of HLA class II genes with vitiligo in a Dutch population","volume":"145","author":"Zamani","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0749.2004.00145.x","article-title":"Difference in pathogenesis between vitiligo vulgaris and halo nevi associated with vitiligo is supported by an HLA association study","volume":"17","author":"de Vijlder","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1155\/1993\/356874","article-title":"HLA associations in vitiligo patients in the Dutch population","volume":"11","author":"Venneker","year":"1993","journal-title":"Dis Markers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib194","first-page":"221","article-title":"Association of HLA class I and II alleles with generalized vitiligo in Chinese Hans in north China [in Chinese]","volume":"24","author":"Wang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Zhonghua Yi Xue Yi Chuan Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2004.05.003","article-title":"Association of HLA class I alleles with vitiligo in Chinese Hans","volume":"35","author":"Zhang","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Dermatol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2004.02389.x","article-title":"Association of HLA-DQA1 and DQB1 genes with vitiligo in Chinese Hans","volume":"44","author":"Yang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2006.01686.x","article-title":"MHC haplotypic association in Chinese Han patients with vitiligo","volume":"20","author":"Xia","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-2478(91)90245-6","article-title":"HLA-DR1 is associated with vitiligo","volume":"27","author":"Poloy","year":"1991","journal-title":"Immunol Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1993.tb03167.x","article-title":"Difference in clinical features and HLA antigens between familial and non-familial vitiligo of non-segmental type","volume":"129","author":"Ando","year":"1993","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1159\/000250480","article-title":"Vitiligo and the HLA system","volume":"160","author":"Metzker","year":"1980","journal-title":"Dermatologica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-313X.1995.tb00232.x","article-title":"Study of HLA class I\/IL and T lymphocyte subsets in Kuwaiti vitiligo patients","volume":"22","author":"al-Fouzan","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur J Immunogenet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2004.07.005","article-title":"HLA-DRB1 \u221704 is associated with the genetic susceptibility to develop vitiligo in Mexican patients with autoimmune thyroid disease","volume":"52","author":"Orozco-Topete","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1159\/000247426","article-title":"Vitiligo is associated with a significant increase in HLA-A30, Cw6 and DQw3 and a decrease in C4AQ0 in northern Italian patients","volume":"185","author":"Orecchia","year":"1992","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1159\/000247240","article-title":"Histocompatibility antigens in vitiligo: Hamburg study on 102 patients from northern Germany","volume":"187","author":"Schallreuter","year":"1993","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.1995.tb01279.x","article-title":"HLA antigens in Omani patients with vitiligo","volume":"20","author":"Venkataram","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-006-0699-4","article-title":"Association of HLA loci alleles and antigens in Saudi patients with vitiligo","volume":"298","author":"Abanmi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib207","first-page":"23","article-title":"Vitiligo is associated with HLA-A2 and HLA-Dw7 in the Slovak populations","volume":"42","author":"Buc","year":"1996","journal-title":"Folia Biol (Krakow)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib208","first-page":"13","article-title":"Occurrence rates of HLA-DRB1, HLA-DQB1, and HLA-DPB1 alleles in patients suffering from vitiligo","volume":"8","author":"Buc","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib209","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0749.2004.00141.x","article-title":"Association of HLA class I antigens and HLA class II alleles with vitiligo in a Turkish population","volume":"17","author":"Tastan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0749.2001.140608.x","article-title":"\u2018VIT1\u2019, a novel gene associated with vitiligo","volume":"14","author":"Le Poole","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0749.1999.tb00512.x","article-title":"Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) locus lacks linkage to human vitiligo or osteopetrosis: an evaluation","volume":"12","author":"Tripathi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gene.6364016","article-title":"Genes of the LMP\/TAP cluster are associated with the human autoimmune disease vitiligo","volume":"4","author":"Casp","year":"2003","journal-title":"Genes Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2004.06.008","article-title":"Association of estrogen receptor 1 intron 1 C\/T polymorphism in Korean vitiligo patients","volume":"35","author":"Jin","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Dermatol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib214","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-0093","article-title":"Autoimmune diseases and vitamin D receptor Apa-I polymorphism are associated with vitiligo in a small inbred Romanian community","volume":"86","author":"Birlea","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2006.08.001","article-title":"MYG1, novel melanocyte related gene, has elevated expression in vitiligo","volume":"44","author":"Kingo","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Dermatol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib216","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)63329-6","article-title":"Mutations in GTP-cyclohydrolase I gene and vitiligo","volume":"350","author":"de la Fuente-Fernandez","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib217","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2230.2000.00599.x","article-title":"Vitiligo is not caused by mutations in GTP-cyclohydrolase I gene","volume":"25","author":"Bandyopadhyay","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061_bib218","first-page":"591","article-title":"The autoimmune regulator gene (AIRE) is strongly associated with vitiligo","volume":"159","author":"Tazi-Ahnini","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0190962211000193?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0190962211000193?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T22:21:06Z","timestamp":1759270866000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0190962211000193"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,9]]},"references-count":218,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0190962211000193"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061","relation":{},"ISSN":["0190-9622"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0190-9622","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Vitiligo: A comprehensive overview","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2010 American Academy of Dermatology, Inc. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}