{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,8]],"date-time":"2026-02-08T05:03:24Z","timestamp":1770527004420,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]],"date-time":"2013-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356998400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]],"date-time":"2013-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356998400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jaad.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,8]],"date-time":"2012-12-08T04:46:39Z","timestamp":1354941999000},"page":"S39-S48","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"special_numbering":"S1","title":["Clinical findings using ingenol mebutate gel to treat actinic keratoses"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"George","family":"Martin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neil","family":"Swanson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2000.00048.x","article-title":"High incidence and regression rates of solar keratoses in a Queensland community","volume":"115","author":"Frost","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197408)34:2<345::AID-CNCR2820340219>3.0.CO;2-0","article-title":"Frequency of skin cancer and solar keratoses in a rural southern county as determined by population sampling","volume":"34","author":"Zagula-Mally","year":"1974","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1996.535","article-title":"Non-melanoma skin cancer and solar keratoses, II: analytical results of the South Wales skin cancer study","volume":"74","author":"Harvey","year":"1996","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1097\/00000372-199512000-00004","article-title":"Cutaneous squamoproliferative lesions in renal transplant recipients: differentiation from lesions in immunocompetent patients","volume":"17","author":"Glover","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Dermatopathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1647","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jid.5700776","article-title":"Keratotic skin lesions and other risk factors are associated with skin cancer in organ-transplant recipients: a case-control study in The Netherlands, United Kingdom, Germany, France, and Italy","volume":"127","author":"Bouwes Bavinck","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.158.7.726","article-title":"Most common dermatologic problems identified by internists, 1990-1994","volume":"158","author":"Feldman","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199310143291602","article-title":"Reduction of solar keratoses by regular sunscreen use","volume":"329","author":"Thompson","year":"1993","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1995.01690140054008","article-title":"High sun protection factor sunscreens in the suppression of actinic neoplasia","volume":"131","author":"Naylor","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.139.4.451","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial to assess sunscreen application and beta carotene supplementation in the prevention of solar keratoses","volume":"139","author":"Darlington","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)12168-2","article-title":"Daily sunscreen application and betacarotene supplementation in prevention of basal-cell and squamous-cell carcinomas of the skin: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"354","author":"Green","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2546","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-06-0352","article-title":"Prolonged prevention of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin by regular sunscreen use","volume":"15","author":"van der Pols","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.294.6.681","article-title":"Incidence of basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas in a population younger than 40 years","volume":"294","author":"Christenson","year":"2005","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib13","first-page":"8","article-title":"A survey of office visits for actinic keratosis as reported by NAMCS, 1990-1999: national ambulatory medical care survey","volume":"70","author":"Gupta","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib14","unstructured":"Society for Investigative Dermatology, American Academy of Dermatology Association. The burden of skin diseases, 2005. Available from: UTL:http:\/\/www.lewin.com\/\u223c\/media\/lewin\/site_sections\/publications\/april2005skindisease.pdf. Accessed April 26, 2012."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2000.103343","article-title":"Clinical presentation of actinic keratoses and squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"42","author":"Moy","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib16","first-page":"462","article-title":"New histopathological classification of actinic keratosis (incipient intraepidermal squamous cell carcinoma)","volume":"4","author":"Cockerell","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Drugs Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.neo.7900061","article-title":"Relationship of p53 mutations to epidermal cell proliferation and apoptosis in human UV-induced skin carcinogenesis","volume":"1","author":"Einspahr","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neoplasia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2009.01028.x","article-title":"Epidermal growth factor receptor gene numerical aberrations are frequent events in actinic keratoses and invasive cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas","volume":"19","author":"Toll","year":"2010","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2008.01.042","article-title":"Genomic instability, mutations and expression analysis of the tumor suppressor genes p14ARF, p15INK4b, p16INK4a and p53 in actinic keratosis","volume":"264","author":"Kanellou","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1001\/archdermatol.2009.378","article-title":"Gene expression patterns of normal human skin, actinic keratosis, and squamous cell carcinoma: a spectrum of disease progression","volume":"146","author":"Padilla","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2523","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.24284","article-title":"Actinic keratoses: natural history and risk of\u00a0malignant transformation in the Veterans Affairs topical\u00a0tretinoin chemoprevention trial","volume":"115","author":"Criscione","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1991.01680060103013","article-title":"Malignant potential of actinic keratoses and the controversy over treatment: a patient-oriented perspective","volume":"127","author":"Dodson","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.1995.tb00141.x","article-title":"Solar keratosis: an evolving squamous cell carcinoma. Benign or malignant?","volume":"21","author":"Hurwitz","year":"1995","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.1998.00467.x","article-title":"Frequency of pre-existing actinic keratosis in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"37","author":"Mittelbronn","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1177\/120347540200600301","article-title":"The majority of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas arise in actinic keratoses","volume":"6","author":"Czarnecki","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Cutan Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1097\/00042728-200501000-00009","article-title":"Clinical diagnosis of actinic keratosis identifies an elderly population at high risk of developing skin cancer","volume":"31","author":"Chen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1038\/372773a0","article-title":"Sunburn and p53 in the onset of skin cancer","volume":"372","author":"Ziegler","year":"1994","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14025","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.24.14025","article-title":"Frequent clones of p53-mutated keratinocytes in normal human skin","volume":"93","author":"Jonason","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2010.302","article-title":"Sun-induced nonsynonymous p53 mutations are extensively accumulated and tolerated in normal appearing human skin","volume":"131","author":"Stahl","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2000.103338","article-title":"The treatment of actinic keratoses","volume":"42","author":"Dinehart","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2004.02124.x","article-title":"Awareness of, knowledge of and attitudes to nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) and actinic keratosis (AK) among physicians","volume":"43","author":"Halpern","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1080\/09546630600765081","article-title":"Predictors of treatment choices and associated outcomes in actinic keratoses: results from a national physician survey study","volume":"17","author":"Balkrishnan","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Dermatolog Treat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2004.02056.x","article-title":"A prospective study of the use of cryosurgery for the treatment of actinic keratoses","volume":"43","author":"Thai","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2007.08271.x","article-title":"A randomized study of topical 5% imiquimod vs topical 5-fluorouracil vs cryosurgery in immunocompetent patients with actinic keratoses: a comparison of clinical and histological outcomes including 1-year follow-up","volume":"157","author":"Krawtchenko","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib35","first-page":"144","article-title":"Comparison of 5% 5-fluorouracil cream and 5% imiquimod cream in the management of actinic keratoses on the face and scalp","volume":"6","author":"Tanghetti","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Drugs Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1159\/000254893","article-title":"Reflectance confocal microscopy for noninvasive monitoring of therapy and detection of subclinical actinic keratoses","volume":"220","author":"Ulrich","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib37","first-page":"1","article-title":"Actinic keratoses: sequelae and treatments: recommendations from a consensus panel","volume":"55","author":"Berman","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Fam Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-2918(02)80012-1","article-title":"Evaluation of the efficacy and tolerability of 0.5% fluorouracil cream and 5% fluorouracil cream applied to each side of the face in patients with actinic keratosis","volume":"24","author":"Loven","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib39","first-page":"22","article-title":"Considerations for use of fluorouracil cream 0.5% for the treatment of actinic keratosis in elderly patients","volume":"1","author":"Werschler","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Aesthet Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2009.07.004","article-title":"Imiquimod 2.5% and 3.75% for the treatment of actinic keratoses: results of two placebo-controlled studies of daily application to the face and balding scalp for two 2-week cycles","volume":"62","author":"Swanson","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib41","first-page":"169","article-title":"Optimizing management of actinic keratosis and photodamaged skin: utilizing a stepwise approach","volume":"84","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib42","first-page":"669","article-title":"Diclofenac sodium 3% gel in the treatment of actinic keratoses postcryosurgery","volume":"7","author":"Berlin","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Drugs Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.2310\/7750.2007.00033","article-title":"Efficacy of imiquimod as an adjunct to cryotherapy for actinic keratoses","volume":"11","author":"Tan","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Cutan Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib44","first-page":"1101","article-title":"A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, multicenter, efficacy and safety study of 3.75% imiquimod cream following cryosurgery for the treatment of actinic keratoses","volume":"9","author":"Jorizzo","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Drugs Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib45","first-page":"133","article-title":"One-week treatment with 0.5% fluorouracil cream prior to cryosurgery in patients with actinic keratoses: a double-blind, vehicle-controlled, long-term study","volume":"5","author":"Jorizzo","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Drugs Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib46","series-title":"Picato (ingenol mebutate) gel 0.015%, 0.05% [package insert]","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1976.tb141173.x","article-title":"Home treatment of basal cell carcinoma","volume":"1","author":"Weedon","year":"1976","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-0960.1988.tb00383.x","article-title":"Home treatment of skin cancer and solar keratoses","volume":"29","author":"Green","year":"1988","journal-title":"Australas J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib49","first-page":"633","article-title":"The sap from Euphorbia peplus is effective against human nonmelanoma skin cancers","volume":"164","author":"Ramsay","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib50","unstructured":"ZibertJR, Bertelsen M, Grue-S\u00f8rensen G, M\u00f8ller K, Stahlhut M, Eriksson AH, et\u00a0al. Ingenol mebutate penetrates reconstructed human skin in a gradient dependent manner and clears subclinical skin cancer. Poster no. P5501 presented at: Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Dermatology; March 16-20, 2012; San Diego, CA."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2833","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-03-2837","article-title":"Antitumor activity of 3-ingenyl angelate: plasma membrane and mitochondrial disruption and necrotic cell death","volume":"64","author":"Ogbourne","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib52","unstructured":"Stahlhut M, Lord JM, Bertelsen M, Worm J, Hampson P, Chalal H, et\u00a0al. Ingenol mebutate initiates multiple specific cell death pathways in human cancer cells. Poster no. P5517 presented at: Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Dermatology; March 16-20, 2012; San Diego, CA."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8123","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.11.8123","article-title":"Neutrophils are a key component of the antitumor efficacy of topical chemotherapy with ingenol-3-angelate","volume":"177","author":"Challacombe","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-008-0458-9","article-title":"The anti-tumor agent, ingenol-3-angelate (PEP005), promotes the recruitment of cytotoxic neutrophils by activation of vascular endothelial cells in a PKC-delta dependent manner","volume":"57","author":"Hampson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol Immunother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3243","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-03-3403","article-title":"Characterization of the interaction of ingenol 3-angelate with protein kinase C","volume":"64","author":"Kedei","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1651","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.1651.3.12","article-title":"Ingenol 3-angelate induces dual modes of cell death and differentially regulates tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-induced apoptosis in melanoma cells","volume":"3","author":"Gillespie","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol Cancer Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-10-4117","article-title":"PEP005, a selective small-molecule activator of protein kinase C, has potent antileukemic activity mediated via the delta isoform of PKC","volume":"106","author":"Hampson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-07-2060","article-title":"Effects of protein kinase C modulation by PEP005, a novel ingenol angelate, on mitogen-activated protein kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling in cancer cells","volume":"7","author":"Serova","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol Cancer Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2011.418","article-title":"Ingenol mebutate field-directed treatment of UVB-damaged skin reduces lesion formation and removes mutant p53 patches","volume":"132","author":"Cozzi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib60","first-page":"3604","article-title":"p53 Mutations in nonmelanoma skin cancer of the head and neck: molecular evidence for field cancerization","volume":"55","author":"Kanjilal","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-0960.2008.00497.x","article-title":"PEP005 (ingenol mebutate) gel, a novel agent for the treatment of actinic keratosis: results of a randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled, multicenter, phase IIa study","volume":"50","author":"Siller","year":"2009","journal-title":"Australas J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2009.01.008","article-title":"Randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, vehicle-controlled study of ingenol mebutate gel 0.025% and 0.05% for actinic keratosis","volume":"60","author":"Anderson","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1111170","article-title":"Ingenol mebutate gel for actinic keratosis","volume":"366","author":"Lebwohl","year":"2012","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib64","unstructured":"Berman B, Marmur E, Melgaard A. Three-day topical treatment with ingenol mebutate gel 0.015% for actinic keratoses on the face and scalp: analysis of data pooled from two trials. Poster no. P5623 presented at: Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Dermatology; March 16-20, 2012; San Diego, CA."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib65","unstructured":"Anderson LL, Schmeider GJ, Xu Z, Melgaard A. Two-day topical treatment with ingenol mebutate gel 0.05% for actinic keratoses on the trunk and extremities: analysis of data pooled from two trials. Poster no. P5640 presented at: Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Dermatology; March 16-20, 2012; San Diego, CA."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib66","series-title":"Levulan Kerastick [package insert]","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib67","series-title":"Solaraze Gel, diclofenac sodium, 3% [package\u00a0insert]","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib68","unstructured":"Lebwohl M, Swanson N, Kobaysshi K, Melgaard A. Local skin responses associated with ingenol mebutate gel for the treatment of actinic keratosis: two analyses of pooled data. Poster no. P4997 presented at: Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Dermatology; March 16-20, 2012; San Diego,\u00a0CA."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050_bib69","unstructured":"Jarratt M. A randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled study to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of PEP005 (ingenol mebutate) gel, 0.05%, when applied to dorsal forearms with multiple actinic keratoses (AK) in a maximal-use setting, defined as a contiguous 100-cm2 area of skin. Poster presented at: 7th Annual Orlando Dermatology Aesthetic and Clinical Meeting; January 15-18, 2010; Orlando, FL."}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0190962212010614?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0190962212010614?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T22:24:59Z","timestamp":1759271099000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0190962212010614"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]},"references-count":69,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0190962212010614"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050","relation":{},"ISSN":["0190-9622"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0190-9622","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Clinical findings using ingenol mebutate gel to treat actinic keratoses","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.09.050","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2012 American Academy of Dermatology, Inc. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}