{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T16:07:28Z","timestamp":1792598848365,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,1]],"date-time":"2014-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1409529600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,1]],"date-time":"2014-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1409529600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jaad.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,13]],"date-time":"2014-08-13T13:35:00Z","timestamp":1407936900000},"page":"415.e1-415.e15","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":95,"title":["Evaluation and diagnosis of the hair loss patient"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"Thamer","family":"Mubki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lidia","family":"Rudnicka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malgorzata","family":"Olszewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerry","family":"Shapiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1620","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp072110","article-title":"Clinical practice: hair loss in women","volume":"357","author":"Shapiro","year":"2007","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-013-0010-3","article-title":"Health status, coping strategies, and alexithymia in subjects with androgenetic alopecia: a questionnaire study","volume":"14","author":"Tabolli","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0022-202X.2004.23237.x","article-title":"Burden of hair loss: stress and the underestimated psychosocial impact of telogen effluvium and androgenetic alopecia","volume":"123","author":"Hadshiew","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2009.10.032","article-title":"Alopecia areata update: part I. Clinical picture, histopathology, and pathogenesis","volume":"62","author":"Alkhalifah","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1529-8019.2008.00165.x","article-title":"Trichotillomania","volume":"21","author":"Sah","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2013.12.003","article-title":"Traction alopecia: how to translate study data for public education-closing the KAP Gap?","volume":"32","author":"Mirmirani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2011.12.038","article-title":"Frontal fibrosing alopecia: a review of 60 cases","volume":"67","author":"MacDonald","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2012.08.007","article-title":"How to diagnose hair loss","volume":"31","author":"Jackson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2007.03.004","article-title":"Androgenetic alopecia","volume":"36","author":"Otberg","year":"2007","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2012.08.016","article-title":"Primary cicatricial alopecias","volume":"31","author":"Otberg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.2165\/00128071-200102030-00005","article-title":"Psoriasis of the scalp: diagnosis and management","volume":"2","author":"van de Kerkhof","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-1382","article-title":"A comprehensive pathophysiology of dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis\u2014towards a more precise definition of scalp health","volume":"93","author":"Schwartz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1529-8019.2008.00204.x","article-title":"Folliculitis decalvans","volume":"21","author":"Otberg","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1586\/17469872.2013.814858","article-title":"An update on diagnosis and treatment of female pattern hair loss","volume":"8","author":"Mubki","year":"2013","journal-title":"Expert Rev Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-7753.114711","article-title":"Short anagen hair syndrome","volume":"5","author":"Herskovitz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Trichology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2010.04768.x","article-title":"A practical, algorithmic approach to diagnosing hair shaft Disorders","volume":"50","author":"Mirmirani","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1159\/000085582","article-title":"Hair shaft abnormalities-clues to diagnosis and treatment","volume":"211","author":"Itin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-0643","article-title":"Successful hair re-growth with multimodal treatment of early cicatricial alopecia in discoid lupus erythematosus","volume":"89","author":"Hamilton","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1103442","article-title":"Alopecia areata","volume":"366","author":"Gilhar","year":"2012","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.111570","article-title":"Primary cicatricial\u00a0alopecia: diagnosis and treatment","volume":"185","author":"Filbrandt","year":"2013","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2012.08.008","article-title":"Autoimmune disease and hair loss","volume":"31","author":"Moghadam-Kia","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib22","first-page":"161","article-title":"Lichen planopilaris: update on pathogenesis and treatment","volume":"11","author":"Baibergenova","year":"2013","journal-title":"Skinmed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2012.08.010","article-title":"Alopecia areata update","volume":"31","author":"Alkhalifah","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2008.03165.x","article-title":"The role of psychological factors and serum zinc, folate and vitamin B12 levels in the aetiology of trichodynia: a case-control study","volume":"34","author":"Durusoy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1529-8019.2008.00203.x","article-title":"Cicatricial alopecia: classification and histopathology","volume":"21","author":"Somani","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1439-0353.2004.04044.x","article-title":"Differential diagnosis of hair loss in children","volume":"2","author":"Mandt","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Dtsch Dermatol Ges"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1994.tb02535.x","article-title":"A prospective study of the prevalence of clear-cut endocrine disorders and polycystic ovaries in 350 patients presenting with hirsutism or androgenic alopecia","volume":"41","author":"O\u2019Driscoll","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib28","first-page":"1469","article-title":"Practical management of hair loss","volume":"46","author":"Shapiro","year":"2000","journal-title":"Can Fam Physician"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.3109\/10401230009147085","article-title":"Hair loss in psychopharmacology","volume":"12","author":"Mercke","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2012.08.002","article-title":"Drugs and hair loss","volume":"31","author":"Patel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-2113.76304","article-title":"Isoniazid-induced alopecia","volume":"28","author":"Gupta","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lung India"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib32","first-page":"518","article-title":"Indinavir use: associated reversible hair loss and mood disturbance","volume":"23","author":"Harry","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J STD AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.005","article-title":"Drug reactions affecting hair diagnosis","volume":"25","author":"Tosti","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-200105000-00005","article-title":"Cutaneous reactions to chemotherapeutic agents","volume":"321","author":"Koppel","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1016\/S0305-7372(03)00116-6","article-title":"Classification of anticancer drugs\u2014a new system based on therapeutic targets","volume":"29","author":"Espinosa","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer Treat Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1P079","article-title":"Infliximab-induced lichen planopilaris","volume":"44","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Torres","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib37","series-title":"Hair and its disorders: biology, pathology, and management","first-page":"69","article-title":"Androgens: the main regulator of human hair growth","author":"Randall","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib38","series-title":"Diseases of the\u00a0hair\u00a0and scalp","first-page":"123","article-title":"Diffuse alopecia: endocrine, metabolic and chemical influences on the follicular cycle","author":"Dawber","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib39","series-title":"Eating disorders and the skin","first-page":"71","article-title":"General characteristics of hair in eating disorders","author":"Zabielinski","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2000.00924.x","article-title":"Prevalence of cutaneous manifestations in 200 patients with eating disorders","volume":"39","author":"Glorio","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.116731","article-title":"Telogen effluvium","volume":"79","author":"Grover","year":"2013","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2003.tb00341.x","article-title":"Roles of stress, stress perception and trait-anxiety in the onset and course of alopecia areata","volume":"30","author":"Brajac","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2004.02028.x","article-title":"The role of psychological factors in alopecia areata and the impact of the disease on the quality of life","volume":"43","author":"Gule\u00e7","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.psy.44.5.374","article-title":"Psychosomatic factors in first-onset\u00a0alopecia areata","volume":"44","author":"Picardi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2006.01676.x","article-title":"Profile of 513 patients with alopecia areata: associations of disease subtypes with atopy, autoimmune disease and positive family history","volume":"20","author":"Goh","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320510313","article-title":"Increased risk for type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes in relatives of patients with alopecia areata (AA)","volume":"51","author":"Wang","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.110759","article-title":"Polycystic ovarian syndrome","volume":"79","author":"Madnani","year":"2013","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2004.04.008","article-title":"Evaluation and treatment of male and female pattern hair loss","volume":"52","author":"Olsen","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sder.2009.01.001","article-title":"Hair loss in women","volume":"28","author":"Camacho-Mart\u00ednez","year":"2009","journal-title":"Semin Cutan Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib50","series-title":"Hair growth and disorders","first-page":"125","article-title":"Hair growth assessment techniques","author":"Blume-Peytavi","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.06.041","article-title":"Dermatoscopy of hair shaft disorders","volume":"68","author":"Miteva","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1524-4725.1999.99045.x","article-title":"The scalp biopsy: making it more efficient","volume":"25","author":"Madani","year":"1999","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ad.2011.05.007","article-title":"Basic concepts in skin biopsy. Part I","volume":"103","author":"Llamas-Velasco","year":"2012","journal-title":"Actas Dermosifiliogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib54","first-page":"759","article-title":"The impact of herbal medicines on dermatologic surgery","volume":"27","author":"Chang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2011.04154.x","article-title":"Vertical vs. transverse sections of scalp biopsy specimens: a pilot study on the comparison of the diagnostic value of two techniques in alopecia","volume":"36","author":"Ozcan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2012.08.001","article-title":"Histopathology of scarring and nonscarring hair loss","volume":"31","author":"Childs","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0190962214014364?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0190962214014364?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T22:30:15Z","timestamp":1759271415000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0190962214014364"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0190962214014364"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070","relation":{},"ISSN":["0190-9622"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0190-9622","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Evaluation and diagnosis of the hair loss patient","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.070","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2014 American Academy of Dermatology, Inc. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}