{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T17:02:09Z","timestamp":1777395729459,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,1]],"date-time":"2012-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1333238400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,1]],"date-time":"2012-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1333238400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jaapos.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2011.09.017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,21]],"date-time":"2012-04-21T12:37:22Z","timestamp":1335011842000},"page":"185-192","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Testability of refraction, stereopsis, and other ocular measures in preschool children: The Sydney Paediatric Eye Disease Study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Amy Shih-I","family":"Pai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathryn A.","family":"Rose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chameen","family":"Samarawickrama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reena","family":"Fotedar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Burlutsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rohit","family":"Varma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2011.09.017_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(03)00414-7","article-title":"Eye examination in infants, children, and young adults by pediatricians: Organizational principles to guide and define the child health care system and\/or improve the health of all children","volume":"110","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2011.09.017_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0b013e318185282a","article-title":"Quantitative pediatric vision screening in primary care settings in Alabama","volume":"85","author":"Marsh-Tootle","year":"2008","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2011.09.017_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(00)00588-1","article-title":"Preschool vision screening: Summary of a task force report","volume":"108","author":"Hartmann","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2011.09.017_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0420.2001.790306.x","article-title":"Visual screening of Swedish children: An ophthalmological evaluation","volume":"79","author":"Kvarnstrom","year":"2001","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2011.09.017_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1998.tb00926.x","article-title":"Screening for visual and ocular disorders in children, evaluation of the system in Sweden","volume":"87","author":"Kvarnstrom","year":"1998","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2011.09.017_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.4103\/0301-4738.57151","article-title":"Evaluation of \u201cvision screening\u201d program for three to six-year-old children in the Republic of Iran","volume":"57","author":"Khandekar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2011.09.017_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3152","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.05-0357","article-title":"Treatment of unilateral amblyopia: Factors influencing visual outcome","volume":"46","author":"Stewart","year":"2005","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2011.09.017_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.87.8.988","article-title":"Amblyopia treatment outcomes after preschool screening v school entry screening: Observational data from a prospective cohort study","volume":"87","author":"Williams","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2011.09.017_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(98)91862-0","article-title":"Prevalence and causes of amblyopia in an adult population","volume":"105","author":"Attebo","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2011.09.017_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6257(97)81990-X","article-title":"Preschool vision screening: Rationale, methodology, and outcome","volume":"41","author":"Simons","year":"1996","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2011.09.017_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1450","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2006.113670","article-title":"Risk of bilateral visual impairment in individuals with amblyopia: The Rotterdam study","volume":"91","author":"van Leeuwen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2011.09.017_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)09782-9","article-title":"Risk, causes, and outcomes of visual impairment after loss of vision in the non-amblyopic eye: A population-based study","volume":"360","author":"Rahi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2011.09.017_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1993.01090080096024","article-title":"Psychosocial aspects of strabismus study","volume":"111","author":"Satterfield","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2011.09.017_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1159\/000107506","article-title":"Opinion of headhunters about the ability of strabismic subjects to obtain employment","volume":"221","author":"Mojon-Azzi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ophthalmologica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2011.09.017_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2007.128884","article-title":"Opinions of dating agents about strabismic subjects' ability to find a partner","volume":"92","author":"Mojon-Azzi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2011.09.017_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2004.12.006","article-title":"Social and emotional impact of strabismus surgery on quality of life in children","volume":"9","author":"Archer","year":"2005","journal-title":"J AAPOS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2011.09.017_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.02.037","article-title":"Testability of vision and refraction in preschoolers: The strabismus, amblyopia, and refractive error study in Singaporean children","volume":"148","author":"Trager","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2011.09.017_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-200404000-00009","article-title":"The electronic visual acuity tester: Testability in preschool children","volume":"81","author":"Kupl","year":"2004","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2011.09.017_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.014","article-title":"Visual acuity testability in African-American and Hispanic children: The Multi-Ethnic Pediatric Eye Disease Study","volume":"144","author":"Cotter","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2011.09.017_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-200311000-00012","article-title":"Testability of preschoolers on stereotests used to screen vision disorders","volume":"80","author":"Schmidt","year":"2003","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2011.09.017_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0b013e3181643ea7","article-title":"Stereoacuity testability in African-American and Hispanic pre-school children","volume":"85","author":"Tarczy-Hornoch","year":"2008","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2011.09.017_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.10.036","article-title":"Testability of the Retinomax autorefractor and IOLMaster in preschool children: The Multi-ethnic Pediatric Eye Disease Study","volume":"115","author":"Borchert","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2011.09.017_bib23","first-page":"271","article-title":"Vision screening of 4-year-old children in Singapore","volume":"41","author":"Lim","year":"2000","journal-title":"Singapore Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2011.09.017_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0b013e3180339f5a","article-title":"Impact of confidence number on the screening accuracy of the retinomax autorefractor","volume":"84","year":"2007","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2011.09.017_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1313.2008.00616.x","article-title":"Cycloplegic refraction in preschool children: Comparisons between the hand-held autorefractor, table-mounted autorefractor, and retinoscopy","volume":"29","author":"Prabakaran","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2011.09.017_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1991.tb12034.x","article-title":"Psychomotor and mental development from birth to age of four years: Sex differences, and their relation to home environment. Children in a new Stockholm suburb. Results from a longitudinal prospective study starting at the beginning of pregnancy","volume":"378","author":"Nordberg","year":"1991","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr Scand Suppl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2011.09.017_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2004.01.022","article-title":"Comparison of preschool vision screening tests as administered by licensed eye care professionals in the Vision in Preschoolers Study","volume":"111","author":"Schmidt","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2011.09.017_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-199808000-00022","article-title":"Vision screening of preschool children: Evaluating the past, looking toward the future","volume":"75","author":"Ciner","year":"1998","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2011.09.017_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2006.11.111","article-title":"Stereoacuity and ocular associations at age 12 years: Findings from a population-based study","volume":"11","author":"Robaei","year":"2007","journal-title":"J AAPOS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2011.09.017_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0420.2002.800208.x","article-title":"Screening for amblyopia and strabismus with the Lang II stereo card","volume":"80","author":"Ohlsson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2011.09.017_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2005.06.032","article-title":"Accuracy of the Lang II stereotest in screening for binocular disorders in 6-year-old children","volume":"140","author":"Huynh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"}],"container-title":["Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1091853112000948?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1091853112000948?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T20:18:49Z","timestamp":1761077929000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1091853112000948"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S1091853112000948"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaapos.2011.09.017","relation":{},"ISSN":["1091-8531"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1091-8531","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Testability of refraction, stereopsis, and other ocular measures in preschool children: The Sydney Paediatric Eye Disease Study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaapos.2011.09.017","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2012 American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}