{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T05:50:24Z","timestamp":1774417824181,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010690","name":"American University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010690","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100030638","name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Maseeh College of Engineering and Computer Science, Portland State University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100030638","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007688","name":"American University of Beirut","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007688","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jaapos.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104738","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T16:27:39Z","timestamp":1769790459000},"page":"104738","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The effects of amblyopia on simulated driving behavior in an urban setting"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7136-6278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christiane","family":"Al-Haddad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hussein","family":"Kobeissi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zahi","family":"Wehbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andre","family":"Slim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Youssef","family":"Zougheib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nagib","family":"Salameh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bahaa\u2019","family":"Noureddine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nadine Marie","family":"Moacdieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maya","family":"Abou-Zeid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104738_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2022.819998","article-title":"The global prevalence of amblyopia in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Hu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104738_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1444-0938.2005.tb05102.x","article-title":"Amblyopia: prevalence, natural history, functional effects and treatment","volume":"88","author":"Webber","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Exp Optom"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104738_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.3109\/09273972.2011.600423","article-title":"Amblyopia and real-world visuomotor tasks","volume":"19","author":"Grant","year":"2011","journal-title":"Strabismus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104738_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1111\/cxo.12663","article-title":"The functional impact of amblyopia","volume":"101","author":"Webber","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Exp Optom"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104738_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2015.01.002","article-title":"Stereopsis and amblyopia: a mini-review","volume":"114","author":"Levi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vis Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104738_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2019.01.009","article-title":"Driver licensing and motor vehicle crash rates among young adults with amblyopia and unilateral vision impairment","volume":"23","author":"Baker","year":"2019","journal-title":"J AAPOS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104738_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1483","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.06-0474","article-title":"A prospective, population-based study of the role of visual impairment in motor vehicle crashes among older drivers: the SEE Study","volume":"48","author":"Rubin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104738_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5278.34532","article-title":"Visual functions of commercial drivers in relation to road accidents in Nigeria","volume":"11","author":"Oladehinde","year":"2007","journal-title":"Indian J Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104738_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-4575(91)90002-M","article-title":"The visual and driving performance of monocular and binocular heavy-duty truck drivers","volume":"23","author":"McKnight","year":"1991","journal-title":"Accid Anal Prev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104738_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2007.09.009","article-title":"The contribution of stereo vision to the control of braking","volume":"40","author":"Tijtgat","year":"2008","journal-title":"Accid Anal Prev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104738_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1313.1994.tb00553.x","article-title":"Risk of accidents among elderly car drivers with visual acuity equal to 6\/12 or 6\/15 and lack of binocular vision","volume":"14","author":"Gresset","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104738_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-4575(96)00075-9","article-title":"Taxi drivers\u2019 accidents: how binocular vision problems are related to their rate and severity in terms of the number of victims","volume":"29","author":"Maag","year":"1997","journal-title":"Accid Anal Prev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104738_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1007\/s004170100273","article-title":"The relevance of stereopsis for motorists: a pilot study","volume":"239","author":"Bauer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104738_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1067\/mpa.2001.114189","article-title":"Evaluation of motor vehicle driving performance in patients with chronic diplopia","volume":"5","author":"White","year":"2001","journal-title":"J AAPOS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104738_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0226308","article-title":"Implications of monocular vision for racing drivers","volume":"14","author":"Adrian","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104738_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.04.006","article-title":"Changes in driving performance after first and second eye cataract surgery: a driving simulator study","volume":"78","author":"Meuleners","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Safety Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104738_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2018.2510","article-title":"Association of cataract surgery with traffic crashes","volume":"136","author":"Schlenker","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104738_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fragi.2022.866823","article-title":"A systematic review of the effects of second-eye cataract surgery on motor function","volume":"3","author":"Sheppard","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104738_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2016.02.023","article-title":"Bilateral cataract, crash risk, driving performance, and self-regulation practices among older drivers","volume":"42","author":"Agramunt","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104738_bib20","article-title":"Eye Tracking: The Complete Pocket Guide","author":"Farnsworth","year":"2022","journal-title":"iMotions"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104738_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2174\/18744478-v17-e230404-2022-49","article-title":"Comparing eye-tracking system effectiveness in field and driving simulator studies","volume":"17","author":"Calvi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Open Transp J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104738_bib22","article-title":"Evaluating driver cognitive distraction by eye tracking: From simulator to driving","volume":"4","author":"Le","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transp Res Interdiscip Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104738_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1049\/htl.2017.0020","article-title":"Real-time eye tracking for the assessment of driver fatigue","volume":"5","author":"Xu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Healthc Technol Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104738_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trf.2019.03.021","article-title":"Social media browsing while driving: Effects on driver performance and attention allocation","volume":"63","author":"Hashash","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transp Res Part F Traffic Psychol Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104738_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2022.103692","article-title":"Voice messaging while driving: Effects on driving performance and attention","volume":"101","author":"Monzer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Appl Ergon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104738_bib26","series-title":"Handbook of Driving Simulation for Engineering, Medicine, and Psychology","first-page":"1","article-title":"Simulator validity: behaviors observed on the simulator and on the road","author":"Mullen","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104738_bib27","first-page":"69","article-title":"Assessment of driving simulator validity and acceptability for older adult drivers","author":"Matas","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv Transp Stud"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104738_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0149953","article-title":"Abnormal fixational eye movements in amblyopia","volume":"11","author":"Shaikh","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104738_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.16-20727","article-title":"Effects of reduced acuity and stereo acuity on saccades and reaching movements in adults with amblyopia and strabismus","volume":"58","author":"Niechwiej-Szwedo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104738_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2017.08.005","article-title":"Analyzing driver-pedestrian interaction in a mixed-street environment using a driving simulator","volume":"108","author":"Obeid","year":"2017","journal-title":"Accid Anal Prev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104738_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.3928\/01913913-20210518-02","article-title":"A review of driving and binocularity","volume":"59","author":"Dakroub","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104738_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1998","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-11054","article-title":"A quantitative study of fixation stability in amblyopia","volume":"54","author":"Subramanian","year":"2013","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104738_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.63.13.27","article-title":"Children with amblyopia make more saccadic fixations when doing the visual search task","volume":"63","author":"Nagarajan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104738_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.07.013","article-title":"Fixation instability during binocular viewing in anisometropic and strabismic children","volume":"183","author":"Kelly","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"}],"container-title":["Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S109185312600011X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S109185312600011X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T04:51:20Z","timestamp":1774414280000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S109185312600011X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S109185312600011X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104738","relation":{},"ISSN":["1091-8531"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1091-8531","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The effects of amblyopia on simulated driving behavior in an urban setting","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104738","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 by the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104738"}}