{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T00:00:25Z","timestamp":1780617625068,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jaapos.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104812","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T16:57:23Z","timestamp":1774630643000},"page":"104812","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prevalence of refractive errors among high-altitude urban and rural Tibetan students (7-15 years of age) in Shigatse, China"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Zhijian","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huiying","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baima","family":"Danzeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renzeng","family":"Quji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianhong","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104812_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1111\/cxo.12953","article-title":"Do reduced visual acuity and refractive error affect classroom performance?","volume":"103","author":"Hopkins","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Exp Optom"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104812_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-00231-4","article-title":"Myopia","volume":"6","author":"Baird","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104812_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000002590","article-title":"Prevalence and time trends of myopia in children and adolescents in china: a systemic review and meta-analysis","volume":"40","author":"Dong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104812_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-020-01522-w","article-title":"Lhasa childhood eye study: the rationale, methodology, and baseline data of a 5 year follow-up of school-based cohort study in the Tibetan plateau region of Southwest China","volume":"20","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104812_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-018-0780-8","article-title":"Prevalence of refractive errors in Tibetan adolescents","volume":"18","author":"Qian","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104812_bib6","article-title":"Myopia progression and associated factors of refractive status in children and adolescents in Tibet and Chongqing during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104812_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-022-02735-x","article-title":"Prevalence of myopia and associated risk factors among key schools in Xi'an, China","volume":"22","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104812_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.12.019","article-title":"Outdoor activity reduces the prevalence of myopia in children","volume":"115","author":"Rose","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104812_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-018-0829-8","article-title":"The increasing prevalence of myopia and high myopia among high school students in Fenghua city, eastern China: a 15-year population-based survey","volume":"18","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104812_bib10","first-page":"439","article-title":"Analysis of correlative factors and prevalence on China\u2019s youth myopia","volume":"90","author":"Xie","year":"2010","journal-title":"Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104812_bib11","article-title":"Survey on the progression of myopia in children and adolescents in Chongqing during COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104812_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.918182","article-title":"The association between environmental and social factors and myopia: a review of evidence from COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"10","author":"Limwattanayingyong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104812_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5795","DOI":"10.2147\/IJGM.S326046","article-title":"Prevalence of refractive error and visual acuity among school children in the plateau region of Qinghai, China","volume":"14","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Gen Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104812_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1080\/08164622.2021.2003687","article-title":"The prevalence of refractive error in schoolchildren","volume":"105","author":"Tajbakhsh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Exp Optom"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104812_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.62.5.6","article-title":"IMI prevention of myopia and its progression","volume":"62","author":"Jonas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104812_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.46999","article-title":"Urban living environment and myopia in children","volume":"6","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104812_bib17","article-title":"Prevalence and associated factors of myopia among school students in Shenyang, China: a cross-sectional study","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104812_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2017.09.004","article-title":"The epidemics of myopia: aetiology and prevention","volume":"62","author":"Morgan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104812_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1080\/08164622.2022.2116269","article-title":"Corneal and lenticular biometry in Chinese children with myopia","volume":"106","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Exp Optom"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104812_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/5626479","article-title":"A review of intraocular pressure (IOP) and axial myopia","volume":"2022","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104812_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2904","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-20387-y","article-title":"Prevalence and association of uncorrected refractive error among Chinese adolescents a cross-sectional study","volume":"24","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104812_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1177\/1120672121998960","article-title":"Update and guidance on management of myopia. European Society of Ophthalmology in cooperation with International Myopia Institute","volume":"31","author":"N\u00e9meth","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104812_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.02.027","article-title":"Noncycloplegic compared with cycloplegic refraction in a chicago school-aged population","volume":"129","author":"Guo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104812_bib24","first-page":"561","article-title":"Emphasizing the standardized use of cycloplegics in the epidemiological studies of myopia","volume":"55","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi"}],"container-title":["Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1091853126000856?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1091853126000856?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T23:11:05Z","timestamp":1780614665000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1091853126000856"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S1091853126000856"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104812","relation":{},"ISSN":["1091-8531"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1091-8531","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Prevalence of refractive errors among high-altitude urban and rural Tibetan students (7-15 years of age) in Shigatse, China","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaapos.2026.104812","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 by the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104812"}}