{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T00:45:02Z","timestamp":1793234702966,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]],"date-time":"2025-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749168000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006668","name":"Oregon Health & Science University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006668","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jacc.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JACC: Advances"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]],"date-time":"2025-07-23T18:39:20Z","timestamp":1753295960000},"page":"101964","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"special_numbering":"P1","title":["Macrovascular Hemodynamics and Peripheral Perfusion in Cardiogenic Shock"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2482-0444","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leah B.","family":"Kosyakovsky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William B.","family":"Earle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colter","family":"Wichern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Boyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Conrad","family":"Macon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Mathew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Hibbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joaquin E.","family":"Cigarroa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0479-6785","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey A.","family":"Marbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-023-01130-z","article-title":"Microcirculatory dysfunction in cardiogenic shock","volume":"13","author":"Merdji","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Intensive Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1966.03110220095032","article-title":"Experience with a digital computer for study and improved management of the critically ill","volume":"198","author":"Weil","year":"1966","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2671","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz363","article-title":"Management of cardiogenic shock complicating myocardial infarction: an update 2019","volume":"40","author":"Thiele","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.59.5.483","article-title":"Autoregulation of blood flow","volume":"59","author":"Johnson","year":"1986","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1312173","article-title":"High versus low blood-pressure target in patients with septic shock","volume":"370","author":"Asfar","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-020-03217-6","article-title":"Association between mean arterial pressure during the first 24 hours and hospital mortality in patients with cardiogenic shock","volume":"24","author":"Burstein","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib7","first-page":"712","article-title":"The association between mean arterial pressure and outcomes in patients with cardiogenic shock: insights from the DOREMI trial","volume":"10","author":"Parlow","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8703(99)70241-3","article-title":"Cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction: predictors of death. GUSTO investigators. Global utilization of streptokinase and tissue-plasminogen activator for occluded coronary arteries","volume":"138","author":"Hasdai","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2006.11.014","article-title":"Cardiac power output predicts mortality across a broad spectrum of patients with acute cardiac disease","volume":"153","author":"Mendoza","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2004.03.060","article-title":"Cardiac power is the strongest hemodynamic correlate of mortality in cardiogenic shock: a report from the SHOCK trial registry","volume":"44","author":"Fincke","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2020.08.012","article-title":"Complete hemodynamic profiling with pulmonary artery catheters in cardiogenic shock is associated with lower in-hospital mortality","volume":"8","author":"Garan","year":"2020","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib12","first-page":"454","article-title":"Feasibility of early mechanical circulatory support in acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock: the Detroit cardiogenic shock initiative","volume":"91","author":"Basir","year":"2018","journal-title":"Catheter Cardiovasc Interv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib13","first-page":"1173","article-title":"Improved outcomes associated with the use of shock protocols: updates from the national cardiogenic shock initiative","volume":"93","author":"Basir","year":"2019","journal-title":"Catheter Cardiovasc Interv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.120.007099","article-title":"Invasive hemodynamic assessment and classification of in-hospital mortality risk among patients with cardiogenic shock","volume":"13","author":"Thayer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circ Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib15","first-page":"593","article-title":"The pulmonary artery pulsatility index identifies severe right ventricular dysfunction in acute inferior myocardial infarction","volume":"80","author":"Korabathina","year":"2012","journal-title":"Catheter Cardiovasc Interv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2018.03.011","article-title":"Clinical and hemodynamic effects of intra-aortic balloon pump therapy in chronic heart failure patients with cardiogenic shock","volume":"37","author":"Fried","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1659","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.12.084","article-title":"Standardized team-based care for cardiogenic shock","volume":"73","author":"Tehrani","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3599","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab368","article-title":"2021 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure","volume":"42","author":"McDonagh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.121.021808","article-title":"Invasive hemodynamic monitoring in cardiogenic shock is associated with lower in-hospital mortality","volume":"10","author":"Osman","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2022.100034","article-title":"Optimal perfusion targets in cardiogenic shock","volume":"1","author":"Mathew","year":"2022","journal-title":"JACC Adv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1188","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6109(16)32247-2","article-title":"Timing as a factor in the treatment of shock","volume":"27","author":"Beecher","year":"1947","journal-title":"Surg Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202204-0687OC","article-title":"Performance of early capillary refill time measurement on outcomes in cardiogenic shock: an observational, prospective multicentric study","volume":"206","author":"Merdji","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e31821569f9","article-title":"Capillary refill time: is it still a useful clinical sign?","volume":"113","author":"Pickard","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1210","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200206000-00006","article-title":"Use of a peripheral perfusion index derived from the pulse oximetry signal as a noninvasive indicator of perfusion","volume":"30","author":"Lima","year":"2002","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-015-1057-8","article-title":"Clinical classification of tissue perfusion based on the central venous oxygen saturation and the peripheral perfusion index","volume":"19","author":"He","year":"2015","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"Suppl 5","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib26","article-title":"Low tissue oxygen saturation at the end of early goal-directed therapy is associated with worse outcome in critically ill patients","volume":"13","author":"Lima","year":"2009","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31819869db","article-title":"The prognostic value of the subjective assessment of peripheral perfusion in critically ill patients","volume":"37","author":"Lima","year":"2009","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.0071","article-title":"Effect of a resuscitation strategy targeting peripheral perfusion status vs serum lactate levels on 28-day mortality among patients with septic shock: the ANDROMEDA-SHOCK randomized clinical trial","volume":"321","author":"Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2024.154770","article-title":"Capillary refill time assessment after fluid challenge in patients on venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a retrospective study","volume":"82","author":"Hariri","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2003.07.006","article-title":"Microvascular alterations in patients with acute severe heart failure and cardiogenic shock","volume":"147","author":"De Backer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3032","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehq324","article-title":"Impaired microcirculation predicts poor outcome of patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock","volume":"31","author":"den Uil","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0103978","article-title":"Conventional hemodynamic resuscitation may fail to optimize tissue perfusion: an observational study on the effects of dobutamine, enoximone, and norepinephrine in patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock","volume":"9","author":"den Uil","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib33","first-page":"108","article-title":"Prognostic implications of microcirculatory perfusion versus macrocirculatory perfusion in cardiogenic shock: a CULPRIT-SHOCK substudy","volume":"9","author":"Wijntjens","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-023-07098-5","article-title":"Direct assessment of microcirculation in shock: a randomized-controlled multicenter study","volume":"49","author":"Bruno","year":"2023","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1007\/s10877-019-00423-8","article-title":"Assessment of the peripheral microcirculation in patients with and without shock: a pilot study on different methods","volume":"34","author":"Filho","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Monit Comput"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1177\/0885066620907307","article-title":"Near-infrared spectroscopy in adult circulatory shock: a systematic review","volume":"35","author":"Varis","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-024-02048-3","article-title":"Peripheral perfusion index of pulse oximetry in adult patients: a narrative review","volume":"29","author":"Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Med Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-010-1087-7","article-title":"Sidestream dark field imaging: the evolution of real-time visualization of cutaneous microcirculation and its potential application in dermatology","volume":"303","author":"Treu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/s40635-015-0040-7","article-title":"Cytocam-IDF (incident dark field illumination) imaging for bedside monitoring of the microcirculation","volume":"3","author":"Aykut","year":"2015","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med Exp"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib40","article-title":"From bench to bedside: a review of the application and potential of microcirculatory assessment by hand-held videomicroscopy","volume":"53","author":"De Lorenzo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnsc.2008.01.035","article-title":"Non-invasive measurement and validation of tissue oxygen saturation covered with overlying tissues","volume":"18","author":"Teng","year":"2008","journal-title":"Prog Nat Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1255\/jnirs.973","article-title":"Near infrared brain and muscle oximetry: from the discovery to current applications","volume":"20","author":"Ferrari","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Near Infrared Spectrosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690.e11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.02.003","article-title":"Noninvasive assessment of hemodynamic variables using near-infrared spectroscopy in patients experiencing cardiogenic shock and individuals undergoing venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation","volume":"29","author":"Ostadal","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.121.023322","article-title":"Lactate clearance as a surrogate for mortality in cardiogenic shock: insights from the DOREMI trial","volume":"11","author":"Marbach","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1056\/EVIDoa2300323","article-title":"Prognostic factors associated with mortality in cardiogenic shock - a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"3","author":"Jung","year":"2024","journal-title":"NEJM Evid"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.2478\/jtim-2019-0010","article-title":"Differentiating hyperlactatemia Type A from Type B: how does the lactate\/pyruvate ratio help?","volume":"7","author":"Redant","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Transl Int Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3932","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200012000-00035","article-title":"Type A lactic acidosis in cardiogenic shock","volume":"28","author":"Shahryar","year":"2000","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0105213","article-title":"The acute phase of experimental cardiogenic shock is counteracted by microcirculatory and mitochondrial adaptations","volume":"9","author":"Stenberg","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.121.024932","article-title":"Association between the acidemia, lactic acidosis, and shock severity with outcomes in patients with cardiogenic shock","volume":"11","author":"Jentzer","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0000000000001353","article-title":"Serum lactate and A relative change in lactate as predictors of mortality in patients with cardiogenic shock - results from the cardshock study","volume":"53","author":"Lindholm","year":"2020","journal-title":"Shock"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1082","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2021.08.012","article-title":"Lactate clearance is associated with improved survival in cardiogenic shock: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prognostic factor studies","volume":"27","author":"Marbach","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Card Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2020.06.037","article-title":"Arterial lactate in cardiogenic shock: prognostic value of clearance versus single values","volume":"13","author":"Fuernau","year":"2020","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Interv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3233","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200009000-00019","article-title":"Dynamic study of the distribution of microcirculatory blood flow in multiple splanchnic organs in septic shock","volume":"28","author":"Hiltebrand","year":"2000","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1177\/0885066616663169","article-title":"The correlation between arterial lactate and venous lactate in patients with sepsis and septic shock","volume":"33","author":"Theerawit","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s12245-022-00410-y","article-title":"Peripheral venous lactate levels substitute arterial lactate levels in the emergency department","volume":"15","author":"Oi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2019.01.034","article-title":"Agreement between arterial and peripheral venous lactate levels in the ED: a systematic review","volume":"37","author":"van Tienhoven","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-020-01785-7","article-title":"Association between serum lactate levels and mortality in patients with cardiogenic shock receiving mechanical circulatory support: a multicenter retrospective cohort study","volume":"20","author":"Scolari","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Cardiovasc Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acvd.2011.10.005","article-title":"Prognosis value of central venous oxygen saturation in acute decompensated heart failure","volume":"105","author":"Gallet","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.4.5730.276","article-title":"Mixed venous oxygen saturation in relation to cardiac output in myocardial infarction","volume":"4","author":"Muir","year":"1970","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1097\/MAT.0000000000001215","article-title":"Elevated venous to arterial carbon dioxide gap and anion gap are associated with poor outcome in cardiogenic shock requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support","volume":"67","author":"McDonald","year":"2021","journal-title":"ASAIO J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2022.10.083","article-title":"Delta carbon dioxide at five days post Impella 5.5 implant predicts successful extubation","volume":"29","author":"Liang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Card Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.22564","article-title":"Cardiogenic shock: failure of oxygen delivery and oxygen utilization: oxygen delivery in cardiogenic shock","volume":"39","author":"Lim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1016\/0883-9441(87)90072-4","article-title":"Oxygen transport in low cardiac output states","volume":"2","author":"Fahey","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1400","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1983.00350070120019","article-title":"Mixed venous oxygen saturation. Its role in the assessment of the critically ill patient","volume":"143","author":"Kandel","year":"1983","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2007.10.011","article-title":"A comparison of central and mixed venous oxygen saturation in circulatory failure","volume":"24","author":"Ho","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(90)91316-X","article-title":"Hemodynamic and oxygen transport variables in cardiogenic shock secondary to acute myocardial infarction, and response to treatment","volume":"65","author":"Creamer","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-021-03671-w","article-title":"Pathophysiology and clinical implications of the veno-arterial PCO2 gap","volume":"25","author":"Ltaief","year":"2021","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199806000-00017","article-title":"Value of the venous-arterial PCO2 gradient to reflect the oxygen supply to demand in humans: effects of dobutamine","volume":"26","author":"Teboul","year":"1998","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"}],"container-title":["JACC: Advances"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2772963X25003862?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2772963X25003862?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T16:18:17Z","timestamp":1772036297000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2772963X25003862"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S2772963X25003862"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964","relation":{},"ISSN":["2772-963X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2772-963X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Macrovascular Hemodynamics and Peripheral Perfusion in Cardiogenic Shock","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"JACC: Advances","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101964","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier on behalf of the American College of Cardiology Foundation.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101964"}}