{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T16:07:37Z","timestamp":1789142857645,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]],"date-time":"2025-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753228800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jacc.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JACC: Advances"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T01:41:44Z","timestamp":1755826904000},"page":"102091","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Association Between Fixed-Dose Combination Use and Medication Adherence, Health Care Utilization, and Costs Among Medicaid Beneficiaries"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Donglan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun Soo","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole L.","family":"Therrien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa M.","family":"Pollack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra L.","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaobei","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anand","family":"Rajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3554-0085","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew E.","family":"Moran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7132-2854","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feijun","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.115.03480","article-title":"Higher blood pressure as a risk factor for diseases other than stroke and ischemic heart disease","volume":"66","author":"Kokubo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.119.14240","article-title":"High blood pressure and cardiovascular disease","volume":"75","author":"Fuchs","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.122.321762","article-title":"Hypertension as cardiovascular risk factor in chronic kidney disease","volume":"132","author":"Burnier","year":"2023","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.7326\/M17-3203","article-title":"Prevention, detection, evaluation, and management of high blood pressure in adults: synopsis of the 2017 American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Hypertension guideline","volume":"168","author":"Carey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib5","article-title":"Hypertension prevalence among adults aged 18 and over: united States, 2017\u20132018","author":"Ostchega","year":"2020","journal-title":"NCHS Data Brief"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1719","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.121.17570","article-title":"Racial\/ethnic disparities in hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control in the United States, 2013 to 2018","volume":"78","author":"Aggarwal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1769","DOI":"10.1111\/jch.14009","article-title":"Two-drug fixed-dose combinations of blood pressure-lowering drugs as WHO essential medicines: an overview of efficacy, safety, and cost","volume":"22","author":"Salam","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-008-0544-x","article-title":"Impact of fixed-dose combination drugs on adherence to prescription medications","volume":"23","author":"Pan","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.122.027486","article-title":"Fixed-dose combination medication use among US adults with hypertension: a missed opportunity","volume":"12","author":"Mobley","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1007\/s00392-022-01993-5","article-title":"Use of fixed-dose combination antihypertensives in Germany between 2016 and 2020: an example of guideline inertia","volume":"112","author":"Mahfoud","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Res Cardiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.122.028573","article-title":"Antihypertensive medication regimens used by US adults with hypertension and the potential for fixed-dose combination products: the national health and nutrition examination surveys 2015 to 2020","volume":"12","author":"Derington","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.119.14360","article-title":"Trends in antihypertensive medication monotherapy and combination use among US adults, National Health and Nutrition examination survey 2005\u20132016","volume":"75","author":"Derington","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1111\/jch.13426","article-title":"Fixed-dose combination pharmacologic therapy to improve hypertension control worldwide: clinical perspective and policy implications","volume":"21","author":"DiPette","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib14","article-title":"Fixed dose combinations: a formulary decision guide","volume":"10","author":"Esba","year":"2021","journal-title":"Health Policy Technol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2285","DOI":"10.1111\/jch.14072","article-title":"Standardized treatment to improve hypertension control in primary health care: the HEARTS in the Americas Initiative","volume":"22","author":"DiPette","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich)"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib16","first-page":"1468","article-title":"Racial disparities in medication use: imperatives for managed care pharmacy","volume":"26","author":"Kogut","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Manag Care Spec Pharm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-032315-021439","article-title":"Racial and ethnic disparities in the quality of health care","volume":"37","author":"Fiscella","year":"2016","journal-title":"Annu Rev Public Health"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.5026","article-title":"Using the waiting time distribution with random index dates to estimate prescription durations in the presence of seasonal stockpiling","volume":"29","author":"B\u00f8dkergaard","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.161.1.37","article-title":"Antihypertensive drug therapies and the risk of ischemic stroke","volume":"161","author":"Klungel","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1700","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.3919","article-title":"Management of chronic hypertension during pregnancy","volume":"327","author":"Chandrasekaran","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.22.1.204","article-title":"Medicaid managed care payment methods and capitation rates in 2001","volume":"22","author":"Holahan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Health Affairs"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2023.0516","article-title":"Racial and ethnic differences in hypertension-related telehealth and In-Person outpatient visits before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among medicaid beneficiaries","volume":"30","author":"Lee","year":"2024","journal-title":"Telemed J E Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib23","first-page":"1073","article-title":"Navigating the wild west of medication adherence reporting in specialty pharmacy","volume":"25","author":"Canfield","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Manag Care Spec Pharm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib24","article-title":"Antihypertensive medication adherence and medical costs, health care utilization, and labor productivity among persons with hypertension","author":"Lee","year":"2024","journal-title":"medRxiv"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.123.010739","article-title":"Impact of state telehealth parity laws for private payers on hypertension medication adherence before and during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"17","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib26","article-title":"Antihypertensive medication adherence and medical costs, health care use, and labor productivity among people with hypertension","volume":"13","author":"Lee","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/s11906-020-01115-4","article-title":"Strategies to improve adherence to anti-hypertensive medications: a narrative review","volume":"22","author":"Izeogu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Hypertens Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1002\/jac5.1771","article-title":"Research and scholarly methods: measuring medication adherence","volume":"6","author":"Shah","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Am Coll Clin Pharmacy"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2417","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.7819","article-title":"Overlap weighting: a propensity score method that mimics attributes of a randomized clinical trial","volume":"323","author":"Thomas","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib30","first-page":"250","article-title":"Addressing extreme propensity scores via the overlap weights","volume":"188","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2004.03.012","article-title":"New ICD-10 version of the Charlson comorbidity index predicted in-hospital mortality","volume":"57","author":"Sundararajan","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(00)00321-8","article-title":"Validating recommendations for coronary angiography following acute myocardial infarction in the elderly: a matched analysis using propensity scores","volume":"54","author":"Normand","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-6296(02)00008-5","article-title":"The structure of demand for health care: latent class versus two-part models","volume":"21","author":"Deb","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Health Econ"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.123.010697","article-title":"Utilization of fixed-dose combination treatment for Hypertension in medicare and medicaid from 2016 to 2020","volume":"17","author":"Essa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2006.08.033","article-title":"Fixed-dose combinations improve medication compliance: a meta-analysis","volume":"120","author":"Bangalore","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002584","article-title":"Fixed-dose combination antihypertensive medications, adherence, and clinical outcomes: a population-based retrospective cohort study","volume":"15","author":"Verma","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.07.021","article-title":"Comparative effectiveness of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-based treatment on cardiovascular outcomes in hypertensive blacks versus whites","volume":"66","author":"Ogedegbe","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib38","first-page":"349","article-title":"Race and antihypertensive drug therapy: edging closer to a new paradigm","author":"Flack","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am Heart Assoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.116.003166","article-title":"Racial and ethnic differences in antihypertensive medication use and blood pressure control among US adults with hypertension: the National Health and Nutrition examination survey, 2003 to 2012","volume":"10","author":"Gu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1038\/s41371-020-0340-6","article-title":"Restoring the upward trend in blood pressure control rates in the United States: a focus on fixed-dose combinations","volume":"34","author":"Derington","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Hum Hypertens"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.14791","article-title":"The US medicaid program: coverage, financing, reforms, and implications for health equity","volume":"328","author":"Donohue","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-022-07995-3","article-title":"Barriers in healthcare for latinx patients with limited English proficiency\u2014a narrative review","volume":"38","author":"Escobedo","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1749","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.123.21132","article-title":"Single-Pill combination product availability of the antihypertensive regimens used for intensive systolic blood pressure treatment in the systolic blood pressure intervention trial","volume":"80","author":"King","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib44","series-title":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Fixed-Dose Combination Antihypertensive Medications Coverage by State Medicaid and Medicaid Managed Care Organizations","year":"2022"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.032582","article-title":"Potential US population impact of the 2017 ACC\/AHA high blood pressure guideline","volume":"137","author":"Muntner","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circulation"}],"container-title":["JACC: Advances"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2772963X25005162?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2772963X25005162?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T12:46:13Z","timestamp":1764161173000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2772963X25005162"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S2772963X25005162"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091","relation":{},"ISSN":["2772-963X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2772-963X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Association Between Fixed-Dose Combination Use and Medication Adherence, Health Care Utilization, and Costs Among Medicaid Beneficiaries","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"JACC: Advances","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.102091","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Published by Elsevier on behalf of the American College of Cardiology Foundation.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102091"}}