{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T23:12:24Z","timestamp":1793401944408,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":134,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]],"date-time":"2019-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564617600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]],"date-time":"2019-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564617600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,13]],"date-time":"2020-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":378,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jacc.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of the American College of Cardiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,5]],"date-time":"2019-08-05T15:38:47Z","timestamp":1565019527000},"page":"786-803","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Antithrombotic Therapy to Prevent Recurrent Strokes in Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Victor J.","family":"Del Brutto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seemant","family":"Chaturvedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans-Christoph","family":"Diener","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose G.","family":"Romano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralph L.","family":"Sacco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70310-7","article-title":"Embolic strokes of undetermined source: the case for a new clinical construct","volume":"13","author":"Hart","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1062","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.31.5.1062","article-title":"Ischemic stroke subtypes: a population-based study of functional outcome, survival, and recurrence","volume":"31","author":"Petty","year":"2000","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2182","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1802712","article-title":"Five-year risk of stroke after TIA or minor ischemic stroke","volume":"378","author":"Amarenco","year":"2018","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1747493019840931","article-title":"Small vessel occlusion is a high-risk etiology for early recurrent stroke after transient ischemic attack","author":"Ohara","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1444","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa011258","article-title":"A\u00a0comparison of warfarin and aspirin for the prevention of recurrent ischemic stroke","volume":"345","author":"Mohr","year":"2001","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1849","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60503-1","article-title":"Aspirin in the primary and secondary prevention of vascular disease: collaborative meta-analysis of individual participant data from randomised trials","volume":"373","author":"Baigent","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)04011-7","article-title":"The International Stroke Trial (IST): a randomised trial of aspirin, subcutaneous heparin, both, or neither among 19435 patients with acute ischaemic stroke. International Stroke Trial Collaborative Group","volume":"349","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1641","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)04010-5","article-title":"CAST: randomised placebo-controlled trial of early aspirin use in 20,000 patients with acute ischaemic stroke","volume":"349","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(96)00308-5","article-title":"European stroke prevention study. 2. Dipyridamole and acetylsalicylic acid in the secondary prevention of stroke","volume":"143","author":"Diener","year":"1996","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1665","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68734-5","article-title":"Aspirin plus dipyridamole versus aspirin alone after cerebral ischaemia of arterial origin (ESPRIT): randomised controlled trial","volume":"367","author":"Halkes","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1329","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)09457-3","article-title":"A\u00a0randomised, blinded, trial of clopidogrel versus aspirin in patients at risk of ischaemic events (CAPRIE)","volume":"348","year":"1996","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0805002","article-title":"Aspirin and extended-release dipyridamole versus clopidogrel for recurrent stroke","volume":"359","author":"Sacco","year":"2008","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16721-4","article-title":"Aspirin and clopidogrel compared with clopidogrel alone after recent ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack in high-risk patients (MATCH): randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"364","author":"Diener","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1204133","article-title":"Effects of clopidogrel added to aspirin in patients with recent lacunar stroke","volume":"367","author":"Benavente","year":"2012","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1679","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.586727","article-title":"Effect of clopidogrel on the rate and functional severity of stroke among high vascular risk patients: a prespecified substudy of the Clopidogrel for High Atherothrombotic Risk and Ischemic Stabilization, Management and Avoidance (CHARISMA) trial","volume":"41","author":"Hankey","year":"2010","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1215340","article-title":"Clopidogrel with aspirin in acute minor stroke or transient ischemic attack","volume":"369","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1800410","article-title":"Clopidogrel and aspirin in acute ischemic stroke and high-risk TIA","volume":"379","author":"Johnston","year":"2018","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(10)70198-8","article-title":"Cilostazol for prevention of secondary stroke (CSPS 2): an aspirin-controlled, double-blind, randomized non-inferiority trial","volume":"9","author":"Shinohara","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2914","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.082727","article-title":"Ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes and a history of stroke or transient ischemic attack","volume":"125","author":"James","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2160","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0000000000000024","article-title":"Guidelines for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke and transient ischemic attack: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association\/American Stroke Association","volume":"45","author":"Kernan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2376","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.112.655084","article-title":"Clinical outcomes using a platelet function-guided approach for secondary prevention in patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack","volume":"43","author":"Depta","year":"2012","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2610","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.117.017895","article-title":"Antiplatelet regimen for patients with breakthrough strokes while on aspirin: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"48","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1906","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000003941","article-title":"Risks and benefits of clopidogrel-aspirin in minor stroke or TIA: Time course analysis of CHANCE","volume":"88","author":"Pan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1747-4949.2006.00045.x","article-title":"Global burden of intracranial atherosclerosis","volume":"1","author":"Wong","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.2174\/157488407779422302","article-title":"The pharmacogenetics of CYP2C9 and CYP2C19: ethnic variation and clinical significance","volume":"2","author":"Rosemary","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"k5108","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k5108","article-title":"Clopidogrel plus aspirin versus aspirin alone for acute minor ischemic stroke or high risk transient ischemic attack: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"363","author":"Hao","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32849-0","article-title":"Antiplatelet therapy with aspirin, clopidogrel, and dipyridamole versus clopidogrel alone or aspirin and dipyridamole in patients with acute cerebral ischaemia (TARDIS): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 superiority trial","volume":"391","author":"Bath","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1603060","article-title":"Ticagrelor versus aspirin in acute stroke or transient ischemic attack","volume":"375","author":"Johnston","year":"2016","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1747493019830307","article-title":"The Acute Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack Treated with Ticagrelor and Aspirin for Prevention of Stroke and Death (THALES) trial: rationale and design","author":"Johnston","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2396","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.505776","article-title":"Large artery intracranial occlusive disease: a large worldwide burden but a relatively neglected frontier","volume":"39","author":"Gorelick","year":"2008","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1105335","article-title":"Stenting versus aggressive medical therapy for intracranial arterial stenosis","volume":"365","author":"Chimowitz","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa043033","article-title":"Comparison of warfarin and aspirin for symptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis","volume":"352","author":"Chimowitz","year":"2005","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)62038-3","article-title":"Aggressive medical treatment with or without stenting in high-risk patients with intracranial artery stenosis (SAMMPRIS): the final results of a randomised trial","volume":"383","author":"Derdeyn","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000003534","article-title":"Relationship between risk factor control and vascular events in the SAMMPRIS trial","volume":"88","author":"Turan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001972","article-title":"Dual antiplatelet therapy in stroke and ICAS: subgroup analysis of CHANCE","volume":"85","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1747-4949.2012.00828.x","article-title":"The effectiveness of dual antiplatelet treatment in acute ischemic stroke patients with intracranial arterial stenosis: a subgroup analysis of CLAIR study","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000157667.06542.b7","article-title":"Cilostazol prevents the progression of the symptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis: the multicenter double-blind placebo-controlled trial of cilostazol in symptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis","volume":"36","author":"Kwon","year":"2005","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2883","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.609370","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of combination antiplatelet therapies in patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis","volume":"42","author":"Kwon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib39","unstructured":"Toyoda K. Dual antiplatelet therapy using cilostazol for secondary stroke prevention in high-risk patients: the Cilostazol Stroke Prevention Study for Antiplatelet Combination (CSPS.com) (abstr). Paper presented at: International Stroke Conference of the American Heart Association; February 6th, 2019; Honolulu, HI."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(17)30038-8","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of ticagrelor versus aspirin in acute stroke or transient ischaemic attack of atherosclerotic origin: a subgroup analysis of SOCRATES, a randomised, double-blind, controlled trial","volume":"16","author":"Amarenco","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.116.014891","article-title":"Ticagrelor in acute stroke or transient ischemic attack in Asian patients: from the SOCRATES trial","volume":"48","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)12228-3","article-title":"Analysis of pooled data from the randomised controlled trials of endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis","volume":"361","author":"Rothwell","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2011.01.001","article-title":"Age modifies the relative risk of stenting versus endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis--a pooled analysis of EVA-3S, SPACE and ICSS","volume":"41","author":"Bonati","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61184-3","article-title":"Long-term outcomes after stenting versus endarterectomy for treatment of symptomatic carotid stenosis: the International Carotid Stenting Study (ICSS) randomised trial","volume":"385","author":"Bonati","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)15785-1","article-title":"Endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis in relation to clinical subgroups and timing of surgery","volume":"363","author":"Rothwell","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2018.07.015","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of very urgent carotid intervention for symptomatic carotid disease","volume":"56","author":"Milgrom","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.24.8.1125","article-title":"Does low-dose acetylsalicylic acid\u00a0prevent stroke after carotid surgery? A double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial","volume":"24","author":"Lindblad","year":"1993","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2179","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)05388-X","article-title":"ASA and Carotid Endarterectomy (ACE) Trial Collaborators. Low-dose and high-dose acetylsalicylic acid for patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"353","author":"Taylor","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2015.12.020","article-title":"Dual antiplatelet therapy reduces stroke but increases bleeding at the time of carotid endarterectomy","volume":"63","author":"Jones","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.11.006","article-title":"2011 ASA\/ACCF\/AHA\/AANN\/AANS\/ACR\/ASNR\/CNS\/SAIP\/SCAI\/SIR\/SNIS\/SVM\/SVS guideline on the management of patients with extracranial carotid and vertebral artery disease","volume":"57","author":"Brott","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2017.06.021","article-title":"Management of atherosclerotic carotid and vertebral artery disease: 2017 clinical practice guidelines of the European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS)","volume":"55","author":"Naylor","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2005.01.012","article-title":"The benefits of combined anti-platelet treatment in carotid artery stenting","volume":"29","author":"McKevitt","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1111\/ijs.12321","article-title":"Prevalence of vertebral artery origin stenosis in a multirace-ethnic posterior circulation stroke cohort: Miami Stroke Registry (MIAMISR)","volume":"10","author":"Gordon Perue","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1526","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.106.471862","article-title":"Long-term outcome after angioplasty and stenting for symptomatic vertebral artery stenosis compared with medical treatment in the Carotid and Vertebral Artery Transluminal Angioplasty Study (CAVATAS): a randomized trial","volume":"38","author":"Coward","year":"2007","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(15)00017-4","article-title":"Stenting versus medical treatment in patients with symptomatic vertebral artery stenosis: a randomised open-label phase 2 trial","volume":"14","author":"Compter","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000004385","article-title":"Stenting for symptomatic vertebral artery stenosis: the Vertebral Artery Ischaemia Stenting Trial","volume":"89","author":"Markus","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199605093341902","article-title":"Atherosclerotic disease of the aortic arch as a risk factor for recurrent ischemic stroke","volume":"334","author":"Amarenco","year":"1996","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2683","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.30.12.2683","article-title":"Association between large aortic arch atheromas and high-intensity transient signals in elderly stroke patients","volume":"30","author":"Rundek","year":"1999","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.113.004251","article-title":"Clopidogrel plus aspirin versus warfarin in patients with stroke and aortic arch plaques","volume":"45","author":"Amarenco","year":"2014","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2480","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.117.017217","article-title":"Ticagrelor versus aspirin in acute embolic stroke of undetermined source","volume":"48","author":"Amarenco","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.01.011","volume":"74","author":"January","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)92358-Z","article-title":"Secondary prevention in non-rheumatic atrial fibrillation after transient ischaemic attack or minor stroke","volume":"342","year":"1993","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib63","first-page":"CD000185","article-title":"Anticoagulants for preventing stroke in patients with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation and a history of stroke or transient ischaemic attack","author":"Saxena","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1107039","article-title":"Apixaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation","volume":"365","author":"Granger","year":"2011","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2093","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1310907","article-title":"Edoxaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation","volume":"369","author":"Giugliano","year":"2013","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0905561","article-title":"Dabigatran versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation","volume":"361","author":"Connolly","year":"2009","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1009638","article-title":"Rivaroxaban versus warfarin in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation","volume":"365","author":"Patel","year":"2011","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1007432","article-title":"Apixaban in patients with atrial fibrillation","volume":"364","author":"Connolly","year":"2011","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1177\/1747493017700663","article-title":"Nonvitamin-K-antagonist oral anticoagulants versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation and previous stroke or transient ischemic attack: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"12","author":"Ntaios","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Stroke"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e576S","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.11-2305","article-title":"Antithrombotic and thrombolytic therapy for valvular disease: Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"141","author":"Whitlock","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e002776","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.115.002776","article-title":"Use of direct oral anticoagulants in patients with atrial fibrillation and valvular heart lesions","volume":"5","author":"Di Biase","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1300615","article-title":"Dabigatran versus warfarin in patients with mechanical heart valves","volume":"369","author":"Eikelboom","year":"2013","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1859","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1202299","article-title":"Warfarin and aspirin in patients with heart failure and sinus rhythm","volume":"366","author":"Homma","year":"2012","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib74","first-page":"215","article-title":"Embolic stroke in cardiomyopathy: should patients be anticoagulated?","volume":"34","author":"Narang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cardiol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.114.008422","article-title":"Efficacy of antiplatelet therapy in secondary prevention following lacunar stroke: pooled analysis of randomized trials","volume":"46","author":"Kwok","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1159\/000338247","article-title":"Effect of cilostazol in acute lacunar infarction based on pulsatility index of transcranial Doppler (ECLIPse): a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"69","author":"Han","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2008.01.103","article-title":"Cilostazol alleviates cerebral small vessel pathology and white-matter lesions in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats","volume":"1203","author":"Fujita","year":"2008","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1177\/1747493017731947","volume":"13","author":"Blair","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1177\/1747493016641967","article-title":"Embolic strokes of undetermined source: Prevalence and patient features in the ESUS Global Registry","volume":"11","author":"Perera","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1802686","article-title":"Rivaroxaban for stroke prevention after embolic stroke of undetermined source","volume":"378","author":"Hart","year":"2018","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1906","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1813959","article-title":"Dabigatran for prevention of stroke after embolic stroke of undetermined source","volume":"380","author":"Diener","year":"2019","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1177\/1747493016681019","article-title":"Apixaban for treatment of embolic stroke of undetermined source (ATTICUS randomized trial): rationale and study design","volume":"12","author":"Geisler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1177\/1747493018799981","article-title":"The AtRial Cardiopathy and Antithrombotic Drugs In prevention After cryptogenic stroke randomized trial: rationale and methods","volume":"14","author":"Kamel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e007146","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.117.007146","article-title":"Patent foramen ovale closure for stroke prevention and other disorders","volume":"7","author":"Collado","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e008356","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.117.008356","article-title":"Closure, anticoagulation, or antiplatelet therapy for cryptogenic stroke with patent foramen ovale: systematic review of randomized trials, sequential meta-analysis, and new insights from the CLOSE study","volume":"7","author":"Turc","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.02.046","article-title":"Cryptogenic stroke and high-risk patent foramen ovale: the DEFENSE-PFO trial","volume":"71","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1705915","article-title":"Patent foramen ovale closure or anticoagulation versus antiplatelets after stroke","volume":"377","author":"Mas","year":"2017","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2625","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000017498.88393.44","article-title":"Effect of medical treatment in stroke patients with patent foramen ovale: patent foramen ovale in Cryptogenic Stroke Study","volume":"105","author":"Homma","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib89","first-page":"94","article-title":"Comparison of medical treatments in cryptogenic stroke patients with patent foramen ovale: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"18","author":"Shariat","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Res Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1212\/CON.0000000000000432","article-title":"Inherited and uncommon causes of stroke","volume":"23","author":"Majersik","year":"2017","journal-title":"Continuum (Minneap Minn)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000094325.95097.86","article-title":"Multicenter survey on natural history of cervical artery dissection. Risk of stroke and recurrent dissection after a cervical artery dissection: a multicenter study","volume":"61","author":"Touz\u00e9","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2009.192153","article-title":"Recurrent stroke after cervical artery dissection","volume":"81","author":"Weimar","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib93","first-page":"CD000255","article-title":"Antithrombotic drugs for carotid artery dissection","volume":"10","author":"Lyrer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(15)70018-9","article-title":"Antiplatelet treatment compared with anticoagulation treatment for cervical artery dissection (CADISS): a randomised trial","volume":"14","author":"Markus","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-015-1316-1","article-title":"Guidance for the evaluation and treatment of hereditary and acquired thrombophilia","volume":"41","author":"Stevens","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thromb Thrombolysis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2015.11.026","article-title":"Antithrombotic therapy for VTE disease: CHEST guideline and expert panel report","volume":"149","author":"Kearon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-016-1428-2","article-title":"The use of direct oral anticoagulants in inherited thrombophilia","volume":"43","author":"Skelley","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thromb Thrombolysis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.blre.2018.01.002","article-title":"Direct oral anticoagulant use in patients with thrombophilia, antiphospholipid syndrome or venous thrombosis of unusual sites: a narrative review","volume":"32","author":"Bertoletti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Blood Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203309106832","article-title":"The Euro-Phospholipid project: epidemiology of the antiphospholipid syndrome in Europe","volume":"18","author":"Cervera","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3067","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.31.12.3067","article-title":"Diagnostic testing for coagulopathies in patients with ischemic stroke","volume":"31","author":"Bushnell","year":"2000","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23109","article-title":"A\u00a0systematic review of secondary thromboprophylaxis in patients with antiphospholipid antibodies","volume":"57","author":"Ruiz-Irastorza","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa035241","article-title":"A\u00a0comparison of two intensities of warfarin for the prevention of recurrent thrombosis in patients with the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome","volume":"349","author":"Crowther","year":"2003","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2005.01340.x","article-title":"A\u00a0randomized clinical trial of high intensity warfarin versus conventional antithrombotic therapy for the prevention of recurrent thrombosis in patients with the antiphospholipid syndrome (WAPS)","volume":"3","author":"Finazzi","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib104","first-page":"15","article-title":"Comparison between single antiplatelet therapy and combination of antiplatelet and anticoagulation therapy for secondary prevention in ischemic stroke patients with antiphospholipid syndrome","volume":"7","author":"Okuma","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2320","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2017008185","article-title":"Recurrent thrombosis in patients with antiphospholipid antibodies and arterial thrombosis on antithrombotic therapy","volume":"1","author":"Jackson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.14017","article-title":"Use of direct oral anticoagulants in antiphospholipid syndrome","volume":"16","author":"Cohen","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e426","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(16)30079-5","article-title":"Rivaroxaban versus warfarin to treat patients with thrombotic antiphospholipid syndrome, with or without systemic lupus erythematosus (RAPS): a randomised, controlled, open-label, phase 2\/3, non-inferiority trial","volume":"3","author":"Cohen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2018.02.003","article-title":"The treatment of anti-phospholipid syndrome: a comprehensive clinical approach","volume":"90","author":"Chighizola","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Autoimmun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib109","first-page":"e9","article-title":"Evaluation and treatment of a patient with recurrent stroke in the setting of active malignancy","volume":"50","author":"Neilson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa025313","article-title":"Low-molecular-weight heparin versus a coumarin for the prevention of recurrent venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer","volume":"349","author":"Lee","year":"2003","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.14-0402","article-title":"Direct oral anticoagulants in patients with VTE and cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"147","author":"Vedovati","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1711948","article-title":"Edoxaban for the treatment of cancer-associated venous thromboembolism","volume":"378","author":"Raskob","year":"2018","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2017.4211","article-title":"Enoxaparin vs aspirin in patients with cancer and ischemic stroke: the TEACH pilot randomized clinical trial","volume":"75","author":"Navi","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib114","first-page":"CD002005","article-title":"Anticoagulation for cerebral venous sinus thrombosis","volume":"8","author":"Coutinho","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2012.03690.x","article-title":"Low molecular weight heparin versus unfractionated heparin in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"19","author":"Misra","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2575","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.588822","article-title":"Unfractionated or low-molecular weight heparin for the treatment of cerebral venous thrombosis","volume":"41","author":"Coutinho","year":"2010","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13381","article-title":"European Stroke Organization guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of cerebral venous thrombosis","volume":"24","author":"Ferro","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1177\/1747493018778137","article-title":"The benefit of EXtending oral antiCOAgulation treatment (EXCOA) after acute cerebral vein thrombosis: EXCOA-CVT cluster randomized trial protocol","volume":"13","author":"Miranda","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1177\/1747493018778125","article-title":"Rationale, design, and protocol of a randomized controlled trial of the safety and efficacy of dabigatran etexilate versus dose-adjusted warfarin in patients with cerebral venous thrombosis","volume":"13","author":"Ferro","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib120","first-page":"212","article-title":"Oral anticoagulant-associated intracerebral hemorrhage","volume":"259","author":"Cervera","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2032","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0000000000000069","article-title":"Guidelines for the management of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association\/American Stroke Association","volume":"46","author":"Hemphill","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.118.023840","article-title":"Contemporary reversal of oral anticoagulation in intracerebral hemorrhage","volume":"50","author":"Bower","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2605","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30392-0","article-title":"Platelet transfusion versus standard care after acute stroke due to spontaneous cerebral haemorrhage associated with antiplatelet therapy (PATCH): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial","volume":"387","author":"Baharoglu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1160\/TH11-06-0439","article-title":"Use of aspirin in Chinese after recovery from primary intracranial haemorrhage","volume":"107","author":"Chong","year":"2012","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2606","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.589143","article-title":"Prescribing antiplatelet medicine and subsequent events after intracerebral hemorrhage","volume":"41","author":"Flynn","year":"2010","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2017.06.015","article-title":"Antiplatelet resumption after antiplatelet-related intracerebral hemorrhage: a retrospective hospital-based study","volume":"106","author":"Teo","year":"2017","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181eee40f","article-title":"Aspirin and recurrent intracerebral hemorrhage in cerebral amyloid angiopathy","volume":"75","author":"Biffi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1710","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000078311.18928.16","article-title":"Can patients be anticoagulated after intracerebral hemorrhage? A decision analysis","volume":"34","author":"Eckman","year":"2003","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25079","article-title":"Oral anticoagulation and functional outcome after intracerebral hemorrhage","volume":"82","author":"Biffi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1594","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.116.016327","article-title":"Restarting anticoagulant therapy after intracranial hemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"48","author":"Murthy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e019672","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-019672","article-title":"Resuming anticoagulants after anticoagulation-associated intracranial haemorrhage: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Zhou","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1007\/s11883-018-0733-y","article-title":"Anticoagulation resumption after intracerebral hemorrhage","volume":"20","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Atheroscler Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-018-2542-6","article-title":"The REstart or STop Antithrombotics Randomised Trial (RESTART) after stroke due to intracerebral haemorrhage: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial","volume":"19","author":"Al-Shahi Salman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039_bib134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-015-0898-4","article-title":"Apixaban versus Antiplatelet drugs or no antithrombotic drugs after anticoagulation-associated intraCerebral HaEmorrhage in patients with Atrial Fibrillation (APACHE-AF): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial","volume":"16","author":"van Nieuwenhuizen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trials"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American College of Cardiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0735109719356967?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0735109719356967?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T13:23:14Z","timestamp":1760016194000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0735109719356967"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"references-count":134,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0735109719356967"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039","relation":{},"ISSN":["0735-1097"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0735-1097","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Antithrombotic Therapy to Prevent Recurrent Strokes in Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of the American College of Cardiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.039","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}