{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T08:12:37Z","timestamp":1791447157360,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]],"date-time":"2020-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590969600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]],"date-time":"2020-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590969600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,23]],"date-time":"2021-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624406400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":387,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jacc.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of the American College of Cardiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.049","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,15]],"date-time":"2020-06-15T15:54:57Z","timestamp":1592236497000},"page":"3048-3057","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":86,"title":["The Natural History of Severe Calcific Mitral Stenosis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"Nahoko","family":"Kato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ratnasari","family":"Padang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher G.","family":"Scott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mayra","family":"Guerrero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sorin V.","family":"Pislaru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia A.","family":"Pellikka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.049_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2014.02.536","article-title":"2014 AHA\/ACC guideline for the management of patients with valvular heart disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines","volume":"63","author":"Nishimura","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.049_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1594","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.020185","article-title":"Degenerative mitral stenosis: unmet need for percutaneous interventions","volume":"133","author":"Sud","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.049_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199208063270602","article-title":"Mitral annular calcification and the risk of stroke in an elderly cohort","volume":"327","author":"Benjamin","year":"1992","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.049_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1324","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)00558-4","article-title":"Mitral valve disease\u2014current management and future challenges","volume":"387","author":"Nishimura","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.049_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.64.3.472","article-title":"Functional mitral stenosis in patients with massive mitral annular calcification","volume":"64","author":"Osterberger","year":"1981","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.049_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2013.06.014","article-title":"Calcification of the mitral valve and annulus: systematic evaluation of effects on valve anatomy and function","volume":"26","author":"Movva","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.049_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(96)70332-X","article-title":"Extensive calcification of the mitral valve anulus: pathology and surgical management","volume":"111","author":"Carpentier","year":"1996","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.049_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1934","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.08.872","article-title":"Mitral annulus calcification","volume":"66","author":"Abramowitz","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.049_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1492","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000058168.26163.BC","article-title":"Mitral annular calcification predicts cardiovascular morbidity and mortality: the Framingham Heart Study","volume":"107","author":"Fox","year":"2003","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.049_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2016.09.001","article-title":"Severe mitral annular calcification: multimodality imaging for therapeutic strategies and interventions","volume":"9","author":"Eleid","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol Img"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.049_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3290","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.495903","article-title":"Outcome of 622 adults with asymptomatic, hemodynamically significant aortic stenosis during prolonged follow-up","volume":"111","author":"Pellikka","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.049_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(87)90171-8","article-title":"A\u00a0new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation","volume":"40","author":"Charlson","year":"1987","journal-title":"J\u00a0Chronic Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.049_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2014.10.003","article-title":"Recommendations for cardiac chamber quantification by echocardiography in adults: an update from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging","volume":"28","author":"Lang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.049_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2008.11.029","article-title":"Echocardiographic assessment of valve stenosis: EAE\/ASE recommendations for clinical practice","volume":"22","author":"Baumgartner","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.049_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2017.01.007","article-title":"Recommendations for noninvasive evaluation of native valvular regurgitation: a report from the American Society of Echocardiography developed in collaboration with the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance","volume":"30","author":"Zoghbi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.049_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2010.05.010","volume":"23","author":"Rudski","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.049_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjqcco\/qcw025","article-title":"Impact of co-morbid burden on mortality in patients with coronary heart disease, heart failure, and cerebrovascular accident: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"3","author":"Rashid","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Qual Care Clin Outcomes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.049_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60994-6","article-title":"Mitral stenosis","volume":"374","author":"Chandrashekhar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.049_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2003.12.002","article-title":"Mitral annular calcification is associated with osteoporosis in women","volume":"147","author":"Davutoglu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.049_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000029210.14716.01","article-title":"Current evaluation and management of patients with mitral stenosis","volume":"106","author":"Rahimtoola","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.049_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.040095","article-title":"Complexity of defining severe \u201cstenosis\u201d from mitral annular calcification","volume":"140","author":"Reddy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.049_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2016.01.011","article-title":"Recommendations for the evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function by echocardiography: an update from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging","volume":"29","author":"Nagueh","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.049_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2015-309071","article-title":"Asymptomatic severe aortic stenosis: challenges in diagnosis and management","volume":"102","author":"Izumi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.049_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1841","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.02.054","article-title":"1-Year outcomes of transcatheter mitral valve replacement in patients with severe mitral annular calcification","volume":"71","author":"Guerrero","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.049_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(92)90246-J","article-title":"Excessive vasoconstriction in rheumatic mitral stenosis with modestly reduced ejection fraction","volume":"20","author":"Wisenbaugh","year":"1992","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.049_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(94)90728-5","article-title":"Frequency, cause and effect on operative outcome of depressed left ventricular ejection fraction in mitral stenosis","volume":"73","author":"Snyder","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.049_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2013.08.087","article-title":"Pulmonary fibrosis on multidetector computed tomography and mortality in patients with radiation-associated cardiac disease undergoing cardiac surgery","volume":"148","author":"Desai","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.049_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1476","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.001435","article-title":"Long-term survival of patients with radiation heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery: a cohort study","volume":"127","author":"Wu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.049_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2015.08.071","article-title":"Mitral valve surgery in patients with severe mitral annular calcification","volume":"101","author":"Uchimuro","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.049_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2016.02.041","article-title":"Percutaneous transvenous transseptal transcatheter valve implantation in failed bioprosthetic mitral valves, ring annuloplasty, and severe mitral annular calcification","volume":"9","author":"Eleid","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol Intv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.049_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(99)00250-8","article-title":"Cause of death in clinical research: time for a reassessment?","volume":"34","author":"Lauer","year":"1999","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American College of Cardiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0735109720350968?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0735109720350968?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T13:33:12Z","timestamp":1760016792000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0735109720350968"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"24","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0735109720350968"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.049","relation":{},"ISSN":["0735-1097"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0735-1097","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The Natural History of Severe Calcific Mitral Stenosis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of the American College of Cardiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.049","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}