{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T01:03:53Z","timestamp":1788397433688,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]],"date-time":"2020-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593561600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]],"date-time":"2020-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593561600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,21]],"date-time":"2021-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626825600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":385,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jacc.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of the American College of Cardiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,26]],"date-time":"2020-05-26T13:58:06Z","timestamp":1590501486000},"page":"268-276","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Ramipril in High-Risk Patients With\u00a0COVID-19"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"Ignacio J.","family":"Amat-Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Santos-Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"L\u00f3pez-Otero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Nombela-Franco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrique","family":"Guti\u00e9rrez-Ibanes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raquel","family":"Del Valle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erika","family":"Mu\u00f1oz-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V\u00edctor A.","family":"Jim\u00e9nez-Diaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ander","family":"Regueiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roc\u00edo","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Ferreiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom\u00e1s","family":"Benito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xoan Carlos","family":"Sanmartin-Pena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pablo","family":"Catal\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tania","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Gabella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose Ra\u00fal","family":"Delgado-Arana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Carrasco-Moraleja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Borja","family":"Iba\u00f1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Alberto","family":"San Rom\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.040_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1007\/s00108-019-00671-5","article-title":"Coronaviruses as the cause of respiratory infections","volume":"60","author":"Corman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Internist (Berl)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.040_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)14630-2","article-title":"Epidemiology and cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Guangdong, People's Republic of China, in February, 2003","volume":"362","author":"Zhong","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.040_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1967","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa030747","article-title":"Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome","volume":"348","author":"Drosten","year":"2003","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.040_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1814","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1211721","article-title":"Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia","volume":"367","author":"Zaki","year":"2012","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.040_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30183-5","article-title":"Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China","volume":"395","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.040_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2001017","article-title":"A\u00a0novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019","volume":"382","author":"Zhu","year":"2020","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.040_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2012-7","article-title":"A\u00a0pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin","volume":"579","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.040_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30251-8","article-title":"Genomic characterization and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding","volume":"395","author":"Lu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.040_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30154-9","article-title":"A\u00a0familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster","volume":"395","author":"Chan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"6965","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.040_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02145","article-title":"Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus","volume":"426","author":"Li","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.040_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.02.052","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor","volume":"181","author":"Hoffmann","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.040_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1570","article-title":"Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus: a first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis","volume":"203","author":"Hamming","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.040_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2605","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.510461","article-title":"Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition and angiotensin II receptor blockers on cardiac angiotensin-converting enzyme 2","volume":"111","author":"Ferrario","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.040_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1382","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.15082","article-title":"Renin-angiotensin system blockers and the COVID-19 pandemic: at present there is no evidence to abandon renin-angiotensin system blockers","volume":"75","author":"Danser","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.040_bib15","article-title":"Angiotensin converting enzyme 2: a double-edged sword","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.040_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e016509","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.120.016509","article-title":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): do\u00a0angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors\/angiotensin\u00a0receptor blockers have a biphasic effect?","volume":"9","author":"Sommerstein","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.040_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03712","article-title":"Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 protects from severe acute lung failure","volume":"436","author":"Imai","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.040_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2020.1746200","article-title":"Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors improve the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients with hypertension","volume":"9","author":"Meng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Emerg Microbes Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.040_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.05.055","article-title":"Renin-angiotensin system inhibition following transcatheter aortic valve replacement","volume":"74","author":"Rodriguez-Gabella","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.040_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-020255","article-title":"Impact of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors on clinical outcomes and ventricular remodelling after transcatheter aortic valve implantation: rationale and design of the RASTAVI randomised multicentre study","volume":"8","author":"Amat-Santos","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.040_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.955369","article-title":"Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 suppresses pathological hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis, and cardiac dysfunction","volume":"122","author":"Zhong","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.040_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e21","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30116-8","article-title":"Are patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus at increased risk for COVID-19 infection?","volume":"8","author":"Fang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.040_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000002450","article-title":"Can angiotensin receptor-blocking drugs perhaps be harmful in the COVID-19 pandemic?","volume":"38","author":"Esler","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.040_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/jtm\/taaa041","article-title":"Hypothesis: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers may increase the risk of severe COVID-19","volume":"27","author":"Diaz","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Travel Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.040_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1653","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsr2005760","article-title":"Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors in patients with Covid-19","volume":"382","author":"Vaduganathan","year":"2020","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.040_bib27","article-title":"HFSA\/ACC\/AHA Statement Addressed Concerns Re: Using RAAS Antagonists in COVID-19","author":"Bozkurt","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACC news story"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.040_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2020.0994","article-title":"Risk factors associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome and death in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia in Wuhan, China","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.040_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6915e3","article-title":"Hospitalization rates and characteristics of patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed coronavirus disease 2019\u2014COVID-NET, 14 states, March 1\u201330, 2020","volume":"69","author":"Garg","year":"2020","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.040_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2052","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.6775","article-title":"Presenting characteristics, comorbidities, and outcomes among 5700 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in the New York City Area","volume":"323","author":"Richardson","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.040_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.22818","article-title":"Obesity and its implications for COVID-19 mortality","volume":"28","author":"Dietz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.040_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-020-02294-5","article-title":"COVID-19 and endocrine diseases: a statement from the European Society of Endocrinology","volume":"68","author":"Puig-Domingo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.040_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1801","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa235","article-title":"SARS-CoV2: should inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system be withdrawn in patients with COVID-19?","volume":"41","author":"Kuster","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.040_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.4812","article-title":"COVID-19 and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers: what is the evidence?","author":"Patel","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American College of Cardiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S073510972035395X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S073510972035395X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T13:34:49Z","timestamp":1760016889000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S073510972035395X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S073510972035395X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.040","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.738028283.793577280","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0735-1097"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0735-1097","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Ramipril in High-Risk Patients With\u00a0COVID-19","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of the American College of Cardiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.040","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}