{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T08:35:26Z","timestamp":1793090126489,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,9]],"date-time":"2023-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699488000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jacc.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of the American College of Cardiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,8]],"date-time":"2024-01-08T14:00:03Z","timestamp":1704722403000},"page":"371-381","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":81,"title":["Hyperuricemia and Gout Reduction by\u00a0SGLT2 Inhibitors in Diabetes and Heart\u00a0Failure"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Milton","family":"Packer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2021.101721","article-title":"The genetic basis of urate control and gout: insights into molecular pathogenesis from follow-up study of genome-wide association study loci","volume":"35","author":"Leask","year":"2021","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddaa013","article-title":"Genomic dissection of 43 serum urate-associated loci provides multiple insights into molecular mechanisms of urate control","volume":"29","author":"Boocock","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib3","first-page":"1344","article-title":"Dietary factors and risk of gout and hyperuricemia: a meta-analysis and systematic review","volume":"27","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1438","DOI":"10.1038\/s41431-021-00830-z","article-title":"Genetic correlations between traits associated with hyperuricemia, gout, and comorbidities","volume":"29","author":"Reynolds","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1016\/j.explore.2006.08.007","article-title":"Disease of distinction","volume":"2","author":"Schwartz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Explore (NY)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2095","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.045561","article-title":"Role of deranged energy deprivation signaling in the pathogenesis of cardiac and renal disease in states of perceived nutrient overabundance","volume":"141","author":"Packer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-022-00824-4","article-title":"SGLT2 inhibitors: role in protective reprogramming of cardiac nutrient transport and metabolism","volume":"20","author":"Packer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.99.13368299","article-title":"Hyperuricaemia in patients with right or left heart failure","volume":"13","author":"Hoeper","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-015-0593-6","article-title":"Visceral fat obesity is highly associated with primary gout in a metabolically obese but normal weighted population: a case control study","volume":"17","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2013.03.026","article-title":"Serum uric acid levels and incidence of impaired fasting glucose and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of cohort studies","volume":"101","author":"Jia","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hft132","article-title":"Uric acid and risk of heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"Huang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-37053-0","article-title":"High serum uric acid is highly associated with a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction rather than increased plasma B-type natriuretic peptide in patients with cardiovascular diseases","volume":"9","author":"Oki","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1143458","article-title":"Serum uric acid: a risk factor for right ventricular dysfunction and prognosis in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"14","author":"Deng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.13991","article-title":"Association between uric acid levels and cardio-renal outcomes and death in patients with type 2 diabetes: a subanalysis of EMPA-REG OUTCOME","volume":"22","author":"Verma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3435","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehac320","article-title":"Uric acid and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibition with empagliflozin in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: the EMPEROR-reduced trial","volume":"43","author":"Doehner","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbiomolbio.2023.03.003","article-title":"Glycometabolism reprogramming: implications for cardiovascular diseases","volume":"179","author":"Peng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Prog Biophys Mol Biol"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231810456","article-title":"Metabolomic profiling of end-stage heart failure secondary to chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy","volume":"23","author":"D\u00edaz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvy063","article-title":"Glucose is preferentially utilized for biomass synthesis in pressure-overloaded hearts: evidence from fatty acid-binding protein-4 and -5 knockout mice","volume":"114","author":"Umbarawan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1010915","volume":"20","author":"Sochor","year":"1988","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7482","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.11.7482","article-title":"Accelerated transcription of PRPS1 in X-linked overactivity of normal human phosphoribosylpyrophos-phate synthetase","volume":"274","author":"Ahmed","year":"1999","journal-title":"J\u00a0Biol Chem"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.2972","article-title":"Foetal recapitulation of nutrient surplus signalling by O-GlcNAcylation and the failing heart","volume":"25","author":"Packer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1480","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.0000000000000177","article-title":"Fetal reprogramming of nutrient surplus signaling, O-GlcNAcylation, and the evolution of CKD","volume":"34","author":"Packer","year":"2023","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3073","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2010.05.046","article-title":"Glucose is necessary for stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha under hypoxia: contribution of the pentose phosphate pathway to this stabilization","volume":"584","author":"Osada-Oka","year":"2010","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17478","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1209281109","article-title":"Normal glucose uptake in the brain and heart requires an endothelial cell-specific HIF-1\u03b1-dependent function","volume":"109","author":"Huang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib25","article-title":"Glucose regulation of load-induced mTOR signaling and ER stress in mammalian heart","volume":"2","author":"Sen","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2010.06.022","article-title":"Activation of a metabolic gene regulatory network downstream of mTOR complex 1","volume":"39","author":"D\u00fcvel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6201","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24076201","article-title":"Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha and glucose metabolism during cardiac remodeling progression from hypertrophy to heart failure","volume":"24","author":"Sant'Ana","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.1045805","article-title":"Dietary intake of fructose increases purine de novo synthesis: a crucial mechanism for hyperuricemia","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222413299","article-title":"Transcription factor ChREBP mediates high glucose-evoked increase in HIF-1\u03b1 content in epithelial cells of renal proximal tubules","volume":"22","author":"Owczarek","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2018-214656","article-title":"mTOR inhibition by metformin impacts monosodium urate crystal-induced inflammation and cell death in gout: a prelude to a new add-on therapy?","volume":"78","author":"Vazirpanah","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.150847","article-title":"Xanthine oxidoreductase promotes the inflammatory state of mononuclear phagocytes through effects on chemokine expression, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-{gamma} sumoylation, and HIF-1{alpha}","volume":"286","author":"Gibbings","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2010.04.028","article-title":"Glucose-6-phosphate mediates activation of the carbohydrate responsive binding protein (ChREBP)","volume":"395","author":"Li","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1038\/embor.2011.151","article-title":"CREB and ChREBP oppositely regulate SIRT1 expression in response to energy availability","volume":"12","author":"Noriega","year":"2011","journal-title":"EMBO Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1042\/BSR20110075","article-title":"Inactivation of the AMP-activated protein kinase by glucose in cardiac myocytes: a role for the pentose phosphate pathway","volume":"32","author":"Tabidi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biosci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3829","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M107895200","article-title":"Mechanism for fatty acid \"sparing\" effect on glucose-induced transcription: regulation of carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein by AMP-activated protein kinase","volume":"277","author":"Kawaguchi","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Biol Chem"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0194942","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0194942","article-title":"The combination of NAD+-dependent deacetylase gene deletion and the interruption of gluconeogenesis causes increased glucose metabolism in budding yeast","volume":"13","author":"Masumoto","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1674","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kez165","article-title":"SIRT1 ameliorates monosodium urate crystal-induced inflammation by altering macrophage polarization via the PI3K\/Akt\/STAT6 pathway","volume":"58","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11862","article-title":"Metabolism of inflammation limited by AMPK and pseudo-starvation","volume":"493","author":"O'Neill","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e9","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000083489.83704.76","article-title":"Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase modulates cytosolic redox status and contractile phenotype in adult cardiomyocytes","volume":"93","author":"Jain","year":"2003","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H709","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00783.2013","article-title":"Beneficial effects of acute inhibition of the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway in the failing heart","volume":"306","author":"Vimercati","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2022.07.010","article-title":"mTORC1 activation induced proximal tubular damage via the pentose phosphate pathway in lupus nephritis","volume":"189","author":"Mao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.2337\/db15-0519","article-title":"HIF-1 mediates renal fibrosis in OVE26 type 1 diabetic mice","volume":"65","author":"Nayak","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2087","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e09-12-1003","article-title":"The NADPH oxidase subunit NOX4 is a new target gene of the hypoxia-inducible factor-1","volume":"21","author":"Diebold","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol Biol Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2935","DOI":"10.2337\/db12-1504","article-title":"Mammalian target of rapamycin regulates Nox4-mediated podocyte depletion in diabetic renal injury","volume":"62","author":"Eid","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2190","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvad102","article-title":"Chronic SIRT1 supplementation in diabetic mice improves endothelial function by suppressing oxidative stress","volume":"119","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.1159\/000366336","article-title":"Inactivation of AMPK mediates high phosphate-induced extracellular matrix accumulation via NOX4\/TGF\u00df-1 signaling in human mesangial cells","volume":"34","author":"Papadimitriou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Physiol Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2017.08.042","article-title":"AMPK attenuates ventricular remodeling and dysfunction following aortic banding in mice via the SIRT3\/Oxidative stress pathway","volume":"814","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1144","DOI":"10.3390\/biom11081144","article-title":"Mitochondrial redox signaling and oxidative stress in kidney diseases","volume":"11","author":"Aranda-Rivera","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6615","DOI":"10.1021\/bi500582r","article-title":"Measurement and characterization of superoxide generation from xanthine dehydrogenase: a redox-regulated pathway of radical generation in ischemic tissues","volume":"53","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib50","first-page":"48","article-title":"Organ distribution and molecular forms of human xanthine dehydrogenase\/xanthine oxidase protein","volume":"74","author":"Sarnesto","year":"1996","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.01.031","article-title":"Xanthine oxidoreductase activity is correlated with insulin resistance and subclinical inflammation in young humans","volume":"70","author":"Washio","year":"2017","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2016.11.077","article-title":"Association of plasma xanthine oxidoreductase activity with severity and clinical outcome in patients with chronic heart failure","volume":"228","author":"Otaki","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2083","DOI":"10.1006\/jmcc.2000.1240","article-title":"Enhanced expression and activity of xanthine oxidoreductase in the failing heart","volume":"32","author":"de Jong","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Mol Cell Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.08.074","article-title":"Increased oxidative stress and cardiomyocyte myofibrillar degeneration in patients with chronic isolated mitral regurgitation and ejection fraction >60%","volume":"55","author":"Ahmed","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1007\/s10157-019-01804-8","article-title":"Febuxostat, a novel inhibitor of xanthine oxidase, reduces ER stress through upregulation of SIRT1-AMPK-HO-1\/thioredoxin expression","volume":"24","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Exp Nephrol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3807","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24043807","article-title":"Inhibition of xanthine oxidase protects against diabetic kidney disease through the amelioration of oxidative stress via VEGF\/VEGFR Axis and NOX-FoxO3a-eNOS signaling pathway","volume":"24","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00370582","article-title":"Uric acid as radical scavenger and antioxidant in the heart","volume":"415","author":"Becker","year":"1989","journal-title":"Pflugers Arch"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2016.09.004","article-title":"Enhanced XOR activity in eNOS-deficient mice: effects on the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway and ROS homeostasis","volume":"99","author":"Peleli","year":"2016","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2020.08.015","article-title":"Uric acid is a biomarker of oxidative stress in the failing heart: lessons learned from trials with allopurinol and SGLT2 Inhibitors","volume":"26","author":"Packer","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Card Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1835","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2004.10.031","article-title":"Selectivity of febuxostat, a novel non-purine inhibitor of xanthine oxidase\/xanthine dehydrogenase","volume":"76","author":"Takano","year":"2005","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.01.068","article-title":"Impact of oxypurinol in patients with symptomatic heart failure. Results of the OPT-CHF study","volume":"51","author":"Hare","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1763","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.014536","article-title":"Effects of xanthine oxidase inhibition in hyperuricemic heart failure patients: EXACT-HF Study","volume":"131","author":"Givertz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1177\/0003319719897509","article-title":"Effect of uric acid-lowering agents on cardiovascular outcome in patients with heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical studies","volume":"71","author":"Kanbay","year":"2020","journal-title":"Angiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1200","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1710895","article-title":"Cardiovascular safety of febuxostat or allopurinol in patients with gout","volume":"378","author":"White","year":"2018","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2014.11.016","article-title":"Allopurinol and progression of CKD and cardiovascular events: long-term follow-up of a randomized clinical trial","volume":"65","author":"Goicoechea","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1791","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI42344","article-title":"Uric acid transport and disease","volume":"120","author":"So","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F173","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00462.2018","article-title":"SGLT2 inhibition and renal urate excretion: role of luminal glucose, GLUT9, and URAT1","volume":"316","author":"Novikov","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib68","first-page":"177","article-title":"The effect of polymorphism of uric acid transporters on uric acid transport","volume":"32","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1080\/15257770802136024","article-title":"Urate transport across the apical membrane of renal proximal tubules. Nucleosides Nucleotides","volume":"27","author":"Endou","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2015111282","article-title":"MAP17 Is a necessary activator of renal Na+\/glucose cotransporter SGLT2","volume":"28","author":"Coady","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0084996","article-title":"Expression of SLC2A9 isoforms in the kidney and their localization in polarized epithelial cells","volume":"9","author":"Kimura","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4012","DOI":"10.1002\/1873-3468.13947","article-title":"The ABCG2\/BCRP transporter and its variants \u2014 from structure to pathology","volume":"594","author":"Sarkadi","year":"2020","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4642","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms5642","article-title":"Early-onset metabolic syndrome in mice lacking the intestinal uric acid transporter SLC2A9","volume":"5","author":"DeBosch","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15501","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0904411106","article-title":"Glut9 is a major regulator of urate homeostasis and its genetic inactivation induces hyperuricosuria and urate nephropathy","volume":"106","author":"Preitner","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1822","DOI":"10.1159\/000495814","article-title":"Alterations of renal epithelial glucose and uric acid transporters in fructose induced metabolic syndrome","volume":"43","author":"Ng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Kidney Blood Press Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F826","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00012.2017","article-title":"Insulin stimulates uric acid reabsorption via regulating urate transporter 1 and ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2","volume":"313","author":"Toyoki","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.2337\/dci19-0074","article-title":"SGLT2 inhibitors produce cardiorenal benefits by promoting adaptive cellular reprogramming to induce a state of fasting mimicry: a paradigm shift in understanding their mechanism of action","volume":"43","author":"Packer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0232283","article-title":"Effects of canagliflozin on growth and metabolic reprograming in hepatocellular carcinoma cells: multi-omics analysis of metabolomics and absolute quantification proteomics (iMPAQT)","volume":"15","author":"Nakano","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-022-03629-8","article-title":"SGLT2 inhibitors improve kidney function and morphology by regulating renal metabolic reprogramming in mice with diabetic kidney disease","volume":"20","author":"Lu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Transl Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708177","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.708177","article-title":"A\u00a0SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin alleviates diabetic cardiomyopathy by suppressing high glucose-induced oxidative stress in\u00a0vivo and in\u00a0vitro","volume":"12","author":"Xing","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0100777","article-title":"Long-term treatment with the sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, dapagliflozin, ameliorates glucose homeostasis and diabetic nephropathy in db\/db mice","volume":"9","author":"Terami","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-021-01346-y","article-title":"The SGLT-2 inhibitor empagliflozin improves myocardial strain, reduces cardiac fibrosis and pro-inflammatory cytokines in non-diabetic mice treated with doxorubicin","volume":"20","author":"Quagliariello","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.11480821","article-title":"SGLT2 inhibition and uric acid excretion in patients with type 2 diabetes and normal kidney function","volume":"17","author":"Suijk","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.045691","article-title":"Empagliflozin in heart failure: diuretic and cardiorenal effects","volume":"142","author":"Griffin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1002\/bdd.1909","article-title":"SGLT2 inhibitor lowers serum uric acid through alteration of uric acid transport activity in renal tubule by increased glycosuria","volume":"35","author":"Chino","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biopharm Drug Dispos"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F527","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00134.2012","article-title":"Human SLC2A9a and SLC2A9b isoforms mediate electrogenic transport of urate with different characteristics in the presence of hexoses","volume":"303","author":"Witkowska","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.33007","article-title":"Empagliflozin attenuates hyperuricemia by upregulation of ABCG2 via AMPK\/AKT\/CREB signaling pathway in type 2 diabetic mice","volume":"16","author":"Lu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Biol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-016-0896-7","article-title":"SIRT1 prevents hyperuricemia via the PGC-1\u03b1\/PPAR\u03b3-ABCG2 pathway","volume":"53","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/20406223221083509","article-title":"Effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors on serum urate levels in patients with and without diabetes: a systematic review and meta-regression of 43 randomized controlled trials","volume":"13","author":"Yip","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ther Adv Chronic Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.13170","article-title":"Uric acid lowering in relation to HbA1c reductions with the SGLT2 inhibitor tofogliflozin","volume":"20","author":"Ouchi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4849","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-32072-y","article-title":"The effect of dapagliflozin on uric acid excretion and serum uric acid level in advanced CKD","volume":"13","author":"Iwata","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.2433","article-title":"Dapagliflozin reduces uric acid concentration, an independent predictor of adverse outcomes in DAPA-HF","volume":"24","author":"McDowell","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1908","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11071908","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of the use of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients on incremental hemodialysis: maximizing residual renal function, is there a role for SGLT2 inhibitors?","volume":"11","author":"De La Flor","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1186\/s13098-020-00600-9","article-title":"Effects of dapagliflozin on serum and urinary uric acid levels in patients with type 2 diabetes: a prospective pilot trial","volume":"12","author":"Yuan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetol Metab Syndr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1829","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.14769","article-title":"Mediators of ertugliflozin effects on heart failure and kidney outcomes among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"24","author":"Segar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4517","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.13615","article-title":"Mediators of the improvement in heart failure outcomes with empagliflozin in the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial","volume":"8","author":"Fitchett","year":"2021","journal-title":"ESC Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(20)30684-7","article-title":"Mediators of the effects of canagliflozin on heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol HF"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2020.04.051","article-title":"Mediators of the effects of canagliflozin on kidney protection in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"98","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2022.5608","article-title":"Association of dapagliflozin use with clinical outcomes and the introduction of uric acid-lowering therapy and colchicine in patients with heart failure with and without gout: a patient-level pooled meta-analysis of DAPA-HF and DELIVER","volume":"8","author":"Butt","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2697","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.15157","article-title":"Serum uric acid lowering and\u00a0effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors on gout: a meta-analysis and meta-regression of randomized controlled trials","volume":"25","author":"Banerjee","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American College of Cardiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0735109723079913?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0735109723079913?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T14:01:06Z","timestamp":1760018466000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0735109723079913"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"references-count":100,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0735109723079913"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030","relation":{},"ISSN":["0735-1097"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0735-1097","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Hyperuricemia and Gout Reduction by\u00a0SGLT2 Inhibitors in Diabetes and Heart\u00a0Failure","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of the American College of Cardiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.030","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Author. Published by Elsevier on behalf of the American College of Cardiology Foundation.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}