{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T18:23:26Z","timestamp":1790879006287,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727740800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727740800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759881600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":372,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jacc.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JACC"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T10:06:01Z","timestamp":1727690761000},"page":"1373-1387","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Prognostic Implications of Clinical and\u00a0Imaging Diagnostic Criteria for\u00a0Myocarditis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"84","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0996-9681","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benedikt","family":"Bernhard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin E.","family":"Marxer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan C.","family":"Zurkirchen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3405-5443","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan","family":"Sch\u00fctze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Wahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Elchinova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giancarlo","family":"Spano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Boscolo Berto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Wieser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chrysoula","family":"Garefa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moritz","family":"Hundertmark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Pavlicek-Bahlo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isaac","family":"Shiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raymond Y.","family":"Kwong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Gr\u00e4ni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"33","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2636","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht210","article-title":"Current state of knowledge on aetiology, diagnosis, management, and therapy of myocarditis: a position statement of the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on Myocardial and Pericardial Diseases","volume":"34","author":"Caforio","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1526","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0800028","article-title":"Myocarditis","volume":"360","author":"Cooper","year":"2009","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2 Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2019.01.039","article-title":"Myocarditis in athletes is a challenge: diagnosis, risk stratification, and uncertainties","volume":"13","author":"Eichhorn","year":"2020","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018_bib4","first-page":"3","article-title":"Myocarditis. A histopathologic definition and classification","volume":"1","author":"Aretz","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Cardiovasc Pathol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.09.074","article-title":"Update on myocarditis","volume":"59","author":"Kindermann","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1914","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2007.09.008","volume":"50","author":"Cooper","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e69","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000745","article-title":"Recognition and initial management of fulminant myocarditis: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association","volume":"141","author":"Kociol","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(12)61286-5","article-title":"Evaluation of postmortem endomyocardial biopsy specimens from 38 patients with lymphocytic myocarditis: implications for role of sampling error","volume":"64","author":"Hauck","year":"1989","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.09.072","article-title":"Cardiovascular magnetic resonance in nonischemic myocardial inflammation: expert recommendations","volume":"72","author":"Ferreira","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e579","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000455","article-title":"Current diagnostic and treatment strategies for specific dilated cardiomyopathies: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association","volume":"134","author":"Bozkurt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.120.007405","article-title":"Management of acute myocarditis and chronic inflammatory cardiomyopathy: an expert consensus document","volume":"13","author":"Ammirati","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circ Heart Fail"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1186\/s12968-023-00957-6","article-title":"Predictive value of cardiac magnetic resonance right ventricular longitudinal strain in patients with suspected myocarditis","volume":"25","author":"Bernhard","year":"2023","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cardiovasc Magn Reson"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3436","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-021-08416-5","article-title":"Reproducibility and its confounders of CMR feature tracking myocardial strain analysis in patients with suspected myocarditis","volume":"32","author":"Fischer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1007\/s10554-024-03059-1","article-title":"Prognostic value of visual and quantitative CMR regional myocardial function in patients with suspected myocarditis","volume":"40","author":"Bernhard","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2022.08.011","article-title":"Prognostic value of right ventricular function in patients with suspected myocarditis undergoing cardiac magnetic resonance","volume":"16","author":"Bernhard","year":"2023","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1891","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2020.04.025","article-title":"Feature tracking myocardial strain incrementally improves prognostication in myocarditis beyond traditional CMR imaging features","volume":"13","author":"Fischer","year":"2020","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1161\/hc0402.102975","article-title":"Standardized myocardial segmentation and nomenclature for tomographic imaging of the heart. A statement for healthcare professionals from the Cardiac Imaging Committee of the Council on Clinical Cardiology of the American Heart Association","volume":"105","author":"Cerqueira","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1964","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.08.050","article-title":"Prognostic value of cardiac magnetic resonance tissue characterization in risk stratifying patients with suspected myocarditis","volume":"70","author":"Gr\u00e4ni","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1186\/s12968-020-00683-3","article-title":"Reference ranges (\"normal values\") for cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) in adults and children: 2020 update","volume":"22","author":"Kawel-Boehm","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cardiovasc Magn Reson"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.02.007","article-title":"Cardiovascular magnetic resonance in myocarditis: a JACC white paper","volume":"53","author":"Friedrich","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"9817","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60648-X","article-title":"Myocarditis","volume":"379","author":"Sagar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1186\/s12968-020-00682-4","article-title":"SCMR position paper (2020) on clinical indications for cardiovascular magnetic resonance","volume":"22","author":"Leiner","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cardiovasc Magn Reson"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2017.12.008","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of cardiovascular magnetic resonance in acute myocarditis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Kotanidis","year":"2018","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3686","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-019-06171-2","article-title":"Acute adverse events in cardiac MR imaging with gadolinium-based contrast agents: results from the European Society of Cardiovascular Radiology (ESCR) MRCT registry in 72,839 patients","volume":"29","author":"Uhlig","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2010.204818","article-title":"Acute myocarditis presenting as acute coronary syndrome: role of early cardiac magnetic resonance in its diagnosis","volume":"97","author":"Monney","year":"2011","journal-title":"Heart"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2011.11.022","article-title":"Diagnostic performance of CMR imaging compared with EMB in patients with suspected myocarditis","volume":"5","author":"Lurz","year":"2012","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jex308","article-title":"Additional diagnostic value of CMR to the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) position statement criteria in a large clinical population of patients with suspected myocarditis","volume":"19","author":"Biesbroek","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.120.011492","article-title":"Prognostic impact of late gadolinium enhancement by cardiovascular magnetic resonance in myocarditis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Georgiopoulos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1007\/s10554-019-01552-6","article-title":"Incremental value of extracellular volume assessment by cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in risk stratifying patients with suspected myocarditis","volume":"35","author":"Gr\u00e4ni","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2021.11.017","article-title":"Multiparametric cardiovascular magnetic resonance approach in diagnosing, monitoring, and prognostication of myocarditis","volume":"15","author":"Eichhorn","year":"2022","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelectrocard.2016.04.002","article-title":"Relationship between T-wave inversion and transmural myocardial edema as evidenced by cardiac magnetic resonance in patients with clinically suspected acute myocarditis: clinical and prognostic implications","volume":"49","author":"De Lazzari","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Electrocardiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jev246","article-title":"Incremental value of quantitative CMR including parametric mapping for the diagnosis of acute myocarditis","volume":"17","author":"Luetkens","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/1532-429X-16-36","article-title":"Native T1-mapping detects the location, extent and patterns of acute myocarditis without the need for gadolinium contrast agents","volume":"16","author":"Ferreira","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cardiovasc Magn Reson"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199508033330501","article-title":"A\u00a0clinical trial of immunosuppressive therapy for myocarditis. The Myocarditis Treatment Trial Investigators","volume":"333","author":"Mason","year":"1995","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000048147.15962.31","article-title":"Immunosuppressive therapy for active lymphocytic myocarditis: virological and\u00a0immunologic profile of responders versus nonresponders","volume":"107","author":"Frustaci","year":"2003","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1745","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2018.08.007","article-title":"Prognostic role of cardiac magnetic resonance in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy","volume":"122","author":"Aquaro","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s12968-019-0520-0","article-title":"Comparison of myocardial fibrosis quantification methods by cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging for risk stratification of patients with suspected myocarditis","volume":"21","author":"Gr\u00e4ni","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cardiovasc Magn Reson"}],"container-title":["JACC"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0735109724079592?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0735109724079592?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T16:23:11Z","timestamp":1785428591000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0735109724079592"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"15","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0735109724079592"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018","relation":{},"ISSN":["0735-1097"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0735-1097","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Prognostic Implications of Clinical and\u00a0Imaging Diagnostic Criteria for\u00a0Myocarditis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"JACC","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.018","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}