{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T08:39:00Z","timestamp":1793263140596,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JACC: Clinical Electrophysiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2023.12.012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,14]],"date-time":"2024-02-14T14:01:23Z","timestamp":1707919283000},"page":"750-758","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["A Multicenter Study of Stellate Ganglion Block as a Temporizing Treatment for Refractory Ventricular Arrhythmias"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Fouad","family":"Chouairi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karuna","family":"Rajkumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ales","family":"Benak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yawar","family":"Qadri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan P.","family":"Piccini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Mathew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neil D.","family":"Ray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jakub","family":"Toman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1632-6182","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Josef","family":"Kautzner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arun","family":"Ganesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marek","family":"Sramko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marat","family":"Fudim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2023.12.012_bib1","first-page":"254","article-title":"Management of refractory ventricular fibrillation: extracorporeal membrane oxygenation or epinephrine?","volume":"2","author":"Hira","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol Basic Trans Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2023.12.012_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1093\/ajhp\/zxac011","article-title":"Current and investigational therapies for the treatment of refractory ventricular fibrillation","volume":"79","author":"Scaturo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Health Syst Pharm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2023.12.012_bib3","first-page":"1363","article-title":"Ventricular tachycardia ablation: past, present, and future perspectives","volume":"5","author":"Guandalini","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol EP"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2023.12.012_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2017.03.005","article-title":"The role of the autonomic nervous system in arrhythmias and\u00a0sudden cardiac death","volume":"205","author":"Franciosi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Auton Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2023.12.012_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(76)90420-3","article-title":"Effects of unilateral cardiac sympathetic denervation on the ventricular fibrillation threshold","volume":"37","author":"Schwartz","year":"1976","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2023.12.012_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3070","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.04.035","article-title":"Cardiac sympathetic denervation for refractory ventricular arrhythmias","volume":"69","author":"Vaseghi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2023.12.012_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.10.054","volume":"72","author":"Al-Khatib","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2023.12.012_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.13152","article-title":"Autonomic modulation for the treatment of ventricular arrhythmias: therapeutic use of percutaneous stellate ganglion blocks","volume":"28","author":"Fudim","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2023.12.012_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2018.02.015","article-title":"Mechanisms and management of refractory ventricular arrhythmias in the age of autonomic modulation","volume":"15","author":"Bradfield","year":"2018","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2023.12.012_bib10","first-page":"562","article-title":"Stellate ganglion blockade for the treatment of refractory ventricular arrhythmias","volume":"6","author":"Fudim","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol EP"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2023.12.012_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1460","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.13324","article-title":"Stellate ganglion blockade for the treatment of refractory ventricular arrhythmias: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"28","author":"Fudim","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2023.12.012_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1007\/s11906-020-01111-8","article-title":"Stellate ganglion blockade: an intervention for the management of ventricular arrhythmias","volume":"22","author":"Ganesh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Hypertens Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2023.12.012_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.102.7.742","article-title":"Treating electrical storm","volume":"102","author":"Nademanee","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2023.12.012_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa071098","article-title":"Prognostic importance of defibrillator shocks in patients with heart failure","volume":"359","author":"Poole","year":"2008","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2023.12.012_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acvd.2017.07.006","article-title":"Electrical storm in the early phase of HeartMate\u00ae II device implantation: incidence, risk factors and prognosis","volume":"111","author":"Corre","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2023.12.012_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2021.06.007","article-title":"Electrical storm: prognosis and management","volume":"66","author":"Elsokkari","year":"2021","journal-title":"Prog Cardiovasc Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2023.12.012_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2006.07.008","volume":"48","author":"Zipes","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2023.12.012_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2017.08.022","article-title":"Successful ventricular tachycardia ablation in patients with electrical storm reduces recurrences and improves survival","volume":"15","author":"Vergara","year":"2018","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2023.12.012_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1007\/s10840-017-0291-1","article-title":"Long-term outcome of catheter ablation and other form of therapy for electrical storm in patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators","volume":"50","author":"Morawski","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Interv Card Electrophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2023.12.012_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2017.09.005","article-title":"Outcomes of rescue cardiopulmonary support for periprocedural acute hemodynamic decompensation in patients undergoing catheter ablation of electrical storm","volume":"15","author":"Enriquez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2023.12.012_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.09.043","article-title":"Bilateral cardiac sympathetic denervation for the management of electrical storm","volume":"59","author":"Ajijola","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2023.12.012_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2024","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0708006","article-title":"Left cardiac sympathetic denervation for catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia","volume":"358","author":"Wilde","year":"2008","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2023.12.012_bib23","article-title":"Thoracic epidural anesthesia can be effective for the short-term management of ventricular tachycardia storm","volume":"6","author":"Do","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2023.12.012_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.118.007118","article-title":"Effective use of percutaneous stellate ganglion blockade in patients with electrical storm","volume":"12","author":"Tian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2023.12.012_bib25","first-page":"452","article-title":"Stellate ganglion blockade with continuous infusion versus single injection for treatment of ventricular arrhythmia storm","volume":"7","author":"Sanghai","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2023.12.012_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2021.6000","article-title":"Effect of transcutaneous magnetic stimulation in patients with ventricular tachycardia storm: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"7","author":"Markman","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol"}],"container-title":["JACC: Clinical Electrophysiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2405500X24000082?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2405500X24000082?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,13]],"date-time":"2025-04-13T08:04:46Z","timestamp":1744531486000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2405500X24000082"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S2405500X24000082"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacep.2023.12.012","relation":{},"ISSN":["2405-500X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2405-500X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A Multicenter Study of Stellate Ganglion Block as a Temporizing Treatment for Refractory Ventricular Arrhythmias","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"JACC: Clinical Electrophysiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacep.2023.12.012","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Published by Elsevier on behalf of the American College of Cardiology Foundation","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}