{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T20:34:51Z","timestamp":1774125291331,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,1]],"date-time":"2004-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1078099200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,1]],"date-time":"2004-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1078099200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jacionline.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,6]],"date-time":"2004-03-06T05:39:45Z","timestamp":1078551585000},"page":"511-518","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Genetic variation in immunoregulatory pathways and atopic phenotypes in infancy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"Sabine","family":"Hoffjan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irina","family":"Ostrovnaja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Nicolae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dina L","family":"Newman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raluca","family":"Nicolae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ronald","family":"Gangnon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lori","family":"Steiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Reynolds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deborah","family":"Greene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Mirel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James E","family":"Gern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"Robert F","family":"Lemanske","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carole","family":"Ober","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-5231(05)70265-3","article-title":"Contributing factors to the pathobiology of asthma","volume":"21","author":"Colavita","year":"2000","journal-title":"The Th1\/Th2 paradigm. Clin Chest Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/S1526-0542(02)00193-8","article-title":"Follow-up studies of asthma from childhood to adulthood","volume":"3","author":"Gerritsen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Paediatr Respir Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB3","first-page":"133","article-title":"Asthma and wheezing in the first six years of life","volume":"332","author":"Martinez","year":"1995","journal-title":"The Group Health Medical Associates. N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB4","first-page":"1","article-title":"The Childhood Origins of Asthma (COAST) study","volume":"15","author":"Lemanske","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatr Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-3038.2002.01093.x","article-title":"Relationships among specific viral pathogens, virus-induced interleukin-8, and respiratory symptoms in infancy","volume":"13","author":"Gern","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatr Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3336","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.51.11.3336","article-title":"Association of IL4R haplotypes with type 1 diabetes","volume":"51","author":"Mirel","year":"2002","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-4-14","article-title":"Association studies for asthma and atopic diseases: a comprehensive review of the literature","author":"Hoffjan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"issue":"suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S521","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2002.124564","article-title":"Issues in understanding pediatric asthma: epidemiology and genetics","volume":"109","author":"Lemanske","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1292","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)92687-1","article-title":"Linkage between immunoglobulin E responses underlying asthma and rhinitis and chromosome 11q","volume":"1","author":"Cookson","year":"1989","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/5.7.959","article-title":"A new variant of the beta subunit of the high-affinity receptor for immunoglobulin E (Fc epsilon RI-beta E237G): associations with measures of atopy and bronchial hyper-responsiveness","volume":"5","author":"Hill","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/5.8.1129","article-title":"Association between atopic asthma and a coding variant of Fc epsilon RI beta in a Japanese population","volume":"5","author":"Shirakawa","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1007\/s004390100561","article-title":"Association between nasal allergy and a coding variant of the Fc epsilon RI beta gene Glu237Gly in a Japanese population","volume":"109","author":"Nagata","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1007\/s002510000185","article-title":"Evidence for association and linkage between atopy, airway hyper-responsiveness, and the beta subunit Glu237Gly variant of the high-affinity receptor for immunoglobulin E in the French-Canadian population","volume":"51","author":"Laprise","year":"2000","journal-title":"Immunogenetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1159\/000019125","article-title":"Childhood atopic asthma: positive association with a polymorphism of IL-4 receptor alpha gene but not with that of IL-4 promoter or Fc epsilon receptor I beta gene","volume":"17","author":"Takabayashi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Exp Clin Immunogenet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1655","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.161.5.9906086","article-title":"Polymorphisms of the IL-4, TNF-alpha, and Fcepsilon RIbeta genes and the risk of allergic disorders in at-risk infants","volume":"161","author":"Zhu","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2000.107926","article-title":"Polymorphisms in the IL4, IL4RA, and FCERIB genes and asthma severity","volume":"106","author":"Sandford","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB17","first-page":"972","article-title":"Association of neonatal cord blood Th1\/Th2 cytokine response profiles with respiratory syncytial virus infections in the first year of life [abstract]","volume":"163","author":"Meyer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(01)00086-8","article-title":"Nitric oxide in immunity and inflammation","volume":"1","author":"Coleman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int Immuno-pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.162.1.445","article-title":"Inhibition of allergic airway inflammation in mice lacking nitric oxide synthase 2","volume":"162","author":"Xiong","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2001.119030","article-title":"(CCTTT)n repeat polymorphism in the NOS2 gene promoter is associated with atopy","volume":"108","author":"Konno","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1086\/378208","article-title":"Novel case-control test in a founder population identifies P-selectin as an atopy susceptibility locus","volume":"73","author":"Bourgain","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2907","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830271124","article-title":"Nitric oxide pathway is induced by Fc epsilon RI and up-regulated by stem cell factor in mouse mast cells","volume":"27","author":"Bidri","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2000.104940","article-title":"A cluster of seven tightly linked polymorphisms in the IL-13 gene is associated with total serum IgE levels in three populations of white children","volume":"105","author":"Graves","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/9.4.549","article-title":"Genetic variants of IL-13 signalling and human asthma and atopy","volume":"9","author":"Heinzmann","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2222.2001.01212.x","article-title":"A polymorphism in the coding region of interleukin-13 gene is associated with atopy but not asthma in Chinese children","volume":"31","author":"Leung","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2000.107935","article-title":"An IL13 coding region variant is associated with a high total serum IgE level and atopic dermatitis in the German multicenter atopy study (MAS-90)","volume":"106","author":"Liu","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/S0923-1811(02)00065-8","article-title":"Interleukin-13 gene polymorphism G4257A is associated with atopic dermatitis in Japanese patients","volume":"30","author":"Tsunemi","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Dermatol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1002\/gepi.10182","article-title":"Univariate and multivariate family-based association analysis of the IL-13 ARG130GLN polymorphism in the Childhood Asthma Management program","volume":"23","author":"DeMeo","year":"2002","journal-title":"Genet Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB29","first-page":"1154","article-title":"A second-generation genomewide screen for asthma-susceptibility alleles in a founder population","volume":"67","author":"Ober","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2036","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.164.11.2101086","article-title":"Allelic frequencies and patterns of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in candidate genes for asthma and atopy in Iceland","volume":"164","author":"Hakonarson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2002.124656","article-title":"Upregulation of IL-13 concentration in vivo by the IL13 variant associated with bronchial asthma","volume":"109","author":"Arima","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gene.6363630","article-title":"An IL-13 promoter polymorphism associated with increased risk of allergic asthma","volume":"1","author":"van der Pouw Kraan","year":"1999","journal-title":"Genes Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1165\/ajrcmb.25.3.4483","article-title":"Identification and association of polymorphisms in the interleukin-13 gene with asthma and atopy in a Dutch population","volume":"25","author":"Howard","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol"},{"issue":"suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.1995.tb00428.x","article-title":"Promoter polymorphisms in the chromosome 5 gene cluster in asthma and atopy","volume":"25","author":"Rosenwasser","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(99)70147-8","article-title":"A variant in the gene for GM-CSF, I117T, is associated with atopic asthma in a Swiss population of asthmatic children","volume":"104","author":"Rohrbach","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438S","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.123.3_suppl.438S","article-title":"Polymorphisms of the GM-CSF genes and the development of atopic diseases in at-risk children","volume":"123","author":"He","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1016\/S1471-4906(02)02278-0","article-title":"On the generation of allergic airway diseases: from GM-CSF to Kyoto","volume":"23","author":"Ritz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1958","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.158.6.9804011","article-title":"Interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-beta promoter polymorphisms in allergies and asthma","volume":"158","author":"Hobbs","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-001-0617-y","article-title":"TGFbeta1 allele association with asthma severity","volume":"109","author":"Pulleyn","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1086\/324650","article-title":"A genomewide search for quantitative-trait loci underlying asthma","volume":"69","author":"Xu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB41","first-page":"L1118","article-title":"Quantitative trait locus mapping of airway responsiveness to chromosomes 6 and 7 in inbred mice","volume":"277","author":"De Sanctis","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1165\/ajrcmb.23.4.4199","article-title":"Quantitative trait loci controlling allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness in inbred mice","volume":"23","author":"Ewart","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.16.1.137","article-title":"Regulation of immune responses by TGF-beta","volume":"16","author":"Letterio","year":"1998","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199810270-00009","article-title":"Genotypic variation in the transforming growth factor-beta1 gene: association with transforming growth factor-beta1 production, fibrotic lung disease, and graft fibrosis after lung transplantation","volume":"66","author":"Awad","year":"1998","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2002.126078","article-title":"Activation of TGF-beta\/Smad2 signaling is associated with airway remodeling in asthma","volume":"110","author":"Sagara","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044_BIB46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/8.1.93","article-title":"Genetic control of the circulating concentration of transforming growth factor type beta1","volume":"8","author":"Grainger","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"}],"container-title":["Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0091674903024862?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0091674903024862?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T04:53:45Z","timestamp":1758776025000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0091674903024862"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,3]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0091674903024862"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044","relation":{},"ISSN":["0091-6749"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0091-6749","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Genetic variation in immunoregulatory pathways and atopic phenotypes in infancy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.044","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"converted-article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2004 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}