{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T00:01:04Z","timestamp":1788307264799,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,1]],"date-time":"2014-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1393632000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,1]],"date-time":"2014-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1393632000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jacionline.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,29]],"date-time":"2013-09-29T13:00:49Z","timestamp":1380459649000},"page":"688-695.e14","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Does BCG vaccination protect against childhood asthma? Final results from the Manchester Community Asthma Study retrospective cohort study and updated systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"133","author":[{"given":"Mary F.","family":"Linehan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulugbek","family":"Nurmatov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy L.","family":"Frank","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert M.","family":"Niven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David N.","family":"Baxter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aziz","family":"Sheikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2011.02.002","article-title":"Comparison of childhood wheezing phenotypes in 2 birth cohorts: ALSPAC and PIAMA","volume":"127","author":"Savenije","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2222.2000.00803.x","article-title":"Early BCG vaccination and reduction in atopy in Guinea-Bissau","volume":"30","author":"Aaby","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)02207-1","article-title":"Early BCG vaccination and development of atopy","volume":"350","author":"Alm","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2004.00557.x","article-title":"Atopic disorders among Estonian schoolchildren in relation to tuberculin reactivity and the age at BCG vaccination","volume":"59","author":"Annus","year":"2004","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2004.051714","article-title":"Timing of routine immunisations and subsequent hay fever risk","volume":"90","author":"Bremner","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2004.00517.x","article-title":"Lower prevalence of reported asthma in adolescents with symptoms of rhinitis that received neonatal BCG","volume":"59","author":"da Cunha","year":"2004","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1159\/000086461","article-title":"BCG immunization at birth and atopic diseases\u00a0in a homogeneous population of Spanish schoolchildren","volume":"137","author":"Garc\u00eda-Marcos","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int Arch Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E36","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.107.3.e36","article-title":"MAS-90 Study Group. Delayed hypersensitivity to tuberculin, total immunoglobulin E, specific sensitization, and atopic manifestation in longitudinally followed early Bacille Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin-vaccinated and nonvaccinated children","volume":"107","author":"Gr\u00fcber","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-3038.2002.01006.x","article-title":"Is early BCG vaccination associated with less atopic disease? An epidemiological study in German preschool children with different ethnic backgrounds","volume":"13","author":"Gr\u00fcber","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatr Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.8.1012","article-title":"BCG\u00a0vaccination and risk of atopy","volume":"289","author":"Krause","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2006.12.672","article-title":"Is the prevalence of wheeze in children altered by neonatal BCG vaccination?","volume":"119","author":"Linehan","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2003.171","article-title":"The effect of neonatal BCG vaccination on atopy and asthma at age 7 to 14 years: an historical cohort study in a community with a very low prevalence of tuberculosis infection\u00a0and a high prevalence of atopic disease","volume":"111","author":"Marks","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2007.02869.x","article-title":"Tuberculin reactivity and allergic disorders in schoolchildren, Okinawa, Japan","volume":"38","author":"Miyake","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3038.2006.00485.x","article-title":"Early BCG and pertussis vaccination and atopic diseases in 5- to 7-year-old preschool children from Augsburg, Germany: results from the Miriam study","volume":"18","author":"M\u00f6hrenschlager","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pediatr Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.20089","article-title":"Infant immunization and the occurrence of atopic disease in Dutch and\u00a0German children: a nested case-control study","volume":"38","author":"Mommers","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007_bib16","first-page":"254","article-title":"BCG, tuberculin skin-test results and asthma prevalence in school children in North London","volume":"39","author":"Pahari","year":"2002","journal-title":"Indian Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2007.02859.x","article-title":"Bacille-Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin vaccination and the development of allergic disease in children: a randomized, prospective, single-blind study","volume":"38","author":"Steenhuis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin\u00a0Exp Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.1998.tb03884.x","article-title":"Prevalence of allergy in children in relation to prior BCG vaccination and infection with atypical mycobacteria","volume":"53","author":"Stranneg\u00e5rd","year":"1998","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-842X.2001.tb00549.x","article-title":"A case-control study of risk factors for asthma in New Zealand children","volume":"25","author":"Wickens","year":"2001","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.313.7056.528","article-title":"Adverse local reactions from accidental BCG overdose in infants","volume":"313","author":"Puliyel","year":"1996","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2010.07.039","article-title":"BCG vaccination and allergy: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"127","author":"Arnoldussen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.160.2.9809038","article-title":"Two\u00a0subphenotypes of childhood asthma that differ in maternal and paternal influences on asthma risk","volume":"160","author":"Halonen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2010.12.1121","article-title":"Reply","volume":"127","author":"Arnoldussen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.95.08030483","article-title":"International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC): rationale and methods","volume":"8","author":"Asher","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007_bib25","series-title":"Immunisation against infectious disease","author":"Department of Health","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1464","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2008.01696.x","article-title":"Early atopic disease\u00a0and early childhood immunization\u2014is there a link?","volume":"63","author":"Gr\u00fcber","year":"2008","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3038.2007.00708.x","article-title":"Lack of an inverse association between tuberculosis infection and atopy: by T-cell based immune assay (RD1-ELISpot)","volume":"19","author":"Soysal","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatr Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3038.2011.01248.x","article-title":"Tuberculosis, bacillus Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin vaccination, and allergic disease: findings from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood Phase Two","volume":"23","author":"Flohr","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007_bib29","series-title":"Investigation of the prevalence of asthma and atopy in BCG vaccinated and BCG non-vaccinated cohorts of children in Central Manchester","author":"Linehan","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.82.4.327","article-title":"What do parents of wheezy children understand by \u201cwheeze\u201d?","volume":"82","author":"Cane","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1177\/014107680710000110","article-title":"Lineages of language and the diagnosis of asthma","volume":"100","author":"Netuveli","year":"2007","journal-title":"J R Soc Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-0496(199803)25:3<159::AID-PPUL5>3.0.CO;2-H","article-title":"Comparison of responses to an asthma symptom questionnaire (ISAAC core questions) completed by adolescents and their parents. SCARPOL-Team. Swiss Study on Childhood Allergy and Respiratory Symptoms with respect to Air Pollution","volume":"25","author":"Braun-Fahrl\u00e4nder","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3038.2005.00231.x","article-title":"Agreement between parental and self-completed questionnaires about asthma in teenagers","volume":"16","author":"Hedman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatr Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2012.10.009","article-title":"Does BCG revaccination protect against the development of asthma?","volume":"107","author":"de Andrade","year":"2013","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1590\/S1806-37132009000100002","article-title":"Prevalence of asthma in children and adolescents in a city in the Brazilian Amazon region","volume":"35","author":"Rosa","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Bras Pneumol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0091674913012657?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0091674913012657?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T08:48:35Z","timestamp":1758790115000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0091674913012657"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0091674913012657"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0091-6749"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0091-6749","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Does BCG vaccination protect against childhood asthma? Final results from the Manchester Community Asthma Study retrospective cohort study and updated systematic review and meta-analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.007","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2013 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}