{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T03:28:23Z","timestamp":1790393303895,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jacionline.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,10]],"date-time":"2016-05-10T21:00:25Z","timestamp":1462914025000},"page":"112-121","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":125,"title":["Inhalation of diesel exhaust and allergen alters human bronchial epithelium DNA methylation"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"139","author":[{"given":"Rachel L.","family":"Clifford","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meaghan J.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia L.","family":"MacIsaac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa M.","family":"McEwen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah J.","family":"Goodman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Mostafavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael S.","family":"Kobor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Carlsten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib1","unstructured":"Pawankar R, Canonica GW, Holgate ST, Lockey RF. WAO White Book on Allergy 2011-2012: Executive Summary. 2011-2012."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1097\/ACI.0b013e328357cc55","article-title":"Air pollution, genetics, and allergy: an update","volume":"12","author":"Carlsten","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2014.02.027","article-title":"Advances in environmental and occupational disorders in 2013","volume":"133","author":"Peden","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.4168\/aair.2014.6.6.478","article-title":"The effects of environmental toxins on allergic inflammation","volume":"6","author":"Yang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Immunol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2004.11.047","article-title":"Biology of diesel exhaust effects on respiratory function","volume":"115","author":"Riedl","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2348","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa071535","article-title":"Respiratory effects of exposure to diesel traffic in persons with asthma","volume":"357","author":"McCreanor","year":"2007","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.06.048","article-title":"Diesel exhaust particle induction of IL-17A contributes to severe asthma","volume":"132","author":"Brandt","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1843.2012.02164.x","article-title":"Genomics and the respiratory effects of air pollution exposure","volume":"17","author":"Holloway","year":"2012","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-11-7","article-title":"Mouse models to unravel the role of inhaled pollutants on allergic sensitization and airway inflammation","volume":"11","author":"Maes","year":"2010","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1186\/1710-1492-10-27","article-title":"Epigenetic regulation of asthma and allergic disease","volume":"10","author":"Begin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)57261-6","article-title":"The quantitative separation of purines, pyrimidines, and nucleosides by paper chromatography","volume":"175","author":"Hotchkiss","year":"1948","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1038\/301089a0","article-title":"Hypomethylation distinguishes genes of some human cancers from their normal counterparts","volume":"301","author":"Feinberg","year":"1983","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17253","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1121249109","article-title":"Factors underlying variable DNA methylation in a human community cohort","volume":"109","author":"Lam","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-11-48","article-title":"Intergenic, gene terminal, and intragenic CpG islands in the human genome","volume":"11","author":"Medvedeva","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/1868-7083-4-17","article-title":"Secondhand smoke in combination with ambient air pollution exposure is associated with increasedx CpG methylation and decreased expression of IFN-gamma in T effector cells and Foxp3 in T regulatory cells in children","volume":"4","author":"Kohli","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Epigenet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2013.02.003","article-title":"Factors affecting the 27K DNA methylation pattern in asthmatic and healthy\u00a0children from locations with various environments","volume":"741-2","author":"Rossnerova","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mutat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1103744","article-title":"Maternal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and 5'-CpG methylation of interferon-gamma in cord white blood cells","volume":"120","author":"Tang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1104439","article-title":"Particulate matter, DNA methylation in nitric oxide synthase, and childhood respiratory disease","volume":"120","author":"Breton","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.11898","article-title":"Effects of particulate matter on genomic DNA methylation content and iNOS promoter methylation","volume":"117","author":"Tarantini","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1186\/s12989-014-0071-3","article-title":"Short-term diesel exhaust inhalation in a controlled human crossover study is associated with changes in DNA methylation of circulating mononuclear cells in asthmatics","volume":"11","author":"Jiang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Part Fibre Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2010.08.008","article-title":"Ambient air pollution impairs regulatory T-cell function in asthma","volume":"126","author":"Nadeau","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib22","first-page":"433","article-title":"Local allergen challenge and bronchoalveolar lavage of allergic asthmatic lungs: description of the model and local airway inflammation","volume":"135","author":"Metzger","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib23","series-title":"Design and analysis of cross-over trials","author":"Jones","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib24","series-title":"Cross-over trials in clinical research","author":"Senn","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1177\/096228029400300405","article-title":"Multi-period crossover trials","volume":"3","author":"Matthews","year":"1994","journal-title":"Stat Methods Med Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.3109\/08958378.2011.562256","article-title":"The Air Pollution Exposure Laboratory (APEL) for controlled human exposure to diesel exhaust and other inhalants: characterization and comparison to existing facilities","volume":"23","author":"Birger","year":"2011","journal-title":"Inhal Toxicol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e83573","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0083573","article-title":"Symptoms in response to controlled diesel exhaust more closely reflect exposure perception than true exposure","volume":"8","author":"Carlsten","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1186\/1755-8794-6-58","article-title":"Distinct DNA methylation patterns of cognitive impairment and trisomy 21 in Down syndrome","volume":"6","author":"Jones","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Med Genomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-8935-6-4","article-title":"Additional annotation enhances potential for biologically-relevant analysis of the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip array","volume":"6","author":"Price","year":"2013","journal-title":"Epigenetics Chromatin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R44","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2012-13-6-r44","article-title":"SWAN: subset-quantile within array normalization for illumina infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChips","volume":"13","author":"Maksimovic","year":"2012","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts034","article-title":"The sva package for removing batch effects and other unwanted variation in high-throughput experiments","volume":"28","author":"Leek","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1093\/biostatistics\/kxj037","article-title":"Adjusting batch effects in microarray expression data using empirical Bayes methods","volume":"8","author":"Johnson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biostatistics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-11-587","article-title":"Comparison of beta-value and M-value methods for quantifying methylation levels by microarray analysis","volume":"11","author":"Du","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Bioinform"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2008.211","article-title":"Systematic and integrative analysis of\u00a0large gene lists using DAVID bioinformatics resources","volume":"4","author":"Huang da","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Protoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.5152\/ttd.2013.54","article-title":"Climate change and global public health","volume":"14","author":"Pinkerton","year":"2013","journal-title":"Turk Toraks Dergisi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200807-1097OC","article-title":"Rapid DNA methylation changes after exposure to traffic particles","volume":"179","author":"Baccarelli","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1002773","article-title":"Prolonged exposure to particulate pollution, genes associated with glutathione pathways, and DNA methylation in a cohort of older men","volume":"119","author":"Madrigano","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2051","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.161.6.9906121","article-title":"Segmental bronchial provocation induces nasal inflammation in allergic rhinitis patients","volume":"161","author":"Braunstahl","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1003189","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1003189","article-title":"Tbx2 controls lung growth by direct repression of the cell cycle inhibitor genes Cdkn1a and Cdkn1b","volume":"9","author":"Ludtke","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0177(200001)217:1<62::AID-DVDY6>3.0.CO;2-U","article-title":"Regulation of the Hoxa4 and Hoxa5 genes in the embryonic mouse lung by retinoic acid and TGFbeta1: implications for lung development and patterning","volume":"217","author":"Packer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Dev Dyn"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1647","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12587","article-title":"Allergen-induced early and late asthmatic responses to inhaled seasonal and perennial allergens","volume":"45","author":"Boulet","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02653-2","article-title":"Public-health impact of outdoor and traffic-related air pollution: a European assessment","volume":"356","author":"Kunzli","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1186\/s12989-014-0039-3","article-title":"Effects of ultrafine particles on the allergic inflammation in the lung of asthmatics: results of a double-blinded randomized cross-over clinical pilot study","volume":"11","author":"Schaumann","year":"2014","journal-title":"Part Fibre Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.15252\/embr.201438480","article-title":"Genes, the environment and personalized medicine: we need to harness both environmental and genetic data to maximize personal and population health","volume":"15","author":"Carlsten","year":"2014","journal-title":"EMBO Rep"}],"container-title":["Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0091674916302731?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0091674916302731?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T09:00:20Z","timestamp":1758790820000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0091674916302731"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0091674916302731"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046","relation":{},"ISSN":["0091-6749"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0091-6749","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Inhalation of diesel exhaust and allergen alters human bronchial epithelium DNA methylation","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.046","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2016 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}