{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T10:01:14Z","timestamp":1788861674467,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]],"date-time":"2023-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672876800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":369,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000016","name":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000016","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015015","name":"Government of South Australia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015015","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000098","name":"NIH Clinical Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000098","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006492","name":"Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006492","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jacionline.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]],"date-time":"2021-06-02T12:03:53Z","timestamp":1622635433000},"page":"302-314","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Cushing syndrome and glucocorticoids: T-cell lymphopenia, apoptosis, and rescue by IL-21"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"149","author":[{"given":"SuJin","family":"Hwang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Tatsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hye Sun","family":"Kuehn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie E.","family":"Niemela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Stoddard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maya","family":"Lodish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gulbu","family":"Uzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosanne","family":"Spolski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Warren J.","family":"Leonard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven M.","family":"Holland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas A.","family":"Fleisher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Constantine A.","family":"Stratakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio D.","family":"Rosenzweig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"6634","key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib1","first-page":"483","article-title":"Effects of cortisone in the rheumatic diseases","volume":"2","author":"Hench","year":"1950","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2011-0068","article-title":"Minireview: Glucocorticoids in autoimmunity: unexpected targets and mechanisms","volume":"25","author":"Flammer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e27","DOI":"10.1038\/cti.2014.26","article-title":"Post-traumatic stress disorder: revisiting adrenergics, glucocorticoids, immune system effects and homeostasis","volume":"3","author":"Griffin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Transl Immunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-2895-8_9","article-title":"Effects of glucocorticoids in the immune system","volume":"872","author":"Oppong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002024","article-title":"Common infections in patients prescribed systemic glucocorticoids in primary care: a population-based cohort study","volume":"13","author":"Fardet","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.21796","article-title":"Prevalence of oral glucocorticoid usage in the United States: a general population perspective","volume":"65","author":"Overman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1982","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ker017","article-title":"Prevalence of long-term oral glucocorticoid prescriptions in the UK over the past 20 years","volume":"50","author":"Fardet","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"suppl\u00a01","key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/1043-6618(92)90518-G","article-title":"Glucocorticoid-induced thymocyte apoptosis: inhibition by interleukin-2 and interleukin-4","volume":"25","author":"Migliorati","year":"1992","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.1992.tb03084.x","article-title":"Apoptosis in human thymocytes after treatment with glucocorticoids","volume":"88","author":"Nieto","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.12.010","article-title":"CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (TREG) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients: the possible influence of treatment with corticosteroids","volume":"127","author":"Azab","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.2008.01090.x","article-title":"Glucocorticoids increase CD4CD25 cell percentage and Foxp3 expression in patients with multiple sclerosis","volume":"119","author":"Braitch","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-016-2694-x","article-title":"The effect of systemic corticosteroids on the innate and adaptive immune system in children with steroid responsive nephrotic syndrome","volume":"175","author":"Baris","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-016-0264-7","article-title":"Secondary antibody deficiency in glucocorticoid therapy clearly differs from primary antibody deficiency","volume":"36","author":"Wirsum","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1800743","article-title":"Complex and multilayered role of IL-21 signaling during thymic development","volume":"203","author":"Moretto","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2015.12.018","article-title":"Therapeutic utility of the newly discovered properties of interleukin-21","volume":"82","author":"Al-Chami","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.12440","article-title":"Interleukin-21 administration to aged mice rejuvenates their peripheral T-cell pool by triggering de novo thymopoiesis","volume":"15","author":"Al-Chami","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0072801","article-title":"Interleukin-21 accelerates thymic recovery from glucocorticoid-induced atrophy","volume":"8","author":"Rafei","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-017-0490-3","article-title":"Interleukin-21 promotes thymopoiesis recovery following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"10","author":"Tormo","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2017.278","article-title":"Decreased lymphocytes and increased risk for infection are common in endogenous pediatric Cushing syndrome","volume":"83","author":"Tatsi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-013-0522-0","article-title":"Elevated white blood cell counts in Cushing\u2019s disease: association with hypercortisolism","volume":"17","author":"Masri-Iraqi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pituitary"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.2174\/138945011794751555","article-title":"The molecular mechanisms of glucocorticoids-mediated neutrophil survival","volume":"12","author":"Saffar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Drug Targets"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4719","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.154.9.4719","article-title":"Glucocorticoid treatment inhibits apoptosis in human neutrophils. Separation of survival and activation outcomes","volume":"154","author":"Cox","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-005-5390-y","article-title":"Glucocorticoids in T cell apoptosis and function","volume":"63","author":"Herold","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1038\/284555a0","article-title":"Glucocorticoid-induced thymocyte apoptosis is associated with endogenous endonuclease activation","volume":"284","author":"Wyllie","year":"1980","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.18.1.309","article-title":"Glucocorticoids in T cell development and function","volume":"18","author":"Ashwell","year":"2000","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V84.5.1415.bloodjournal8451415","article-title":"Annexin V for flow cytometric detection of phosphatidylserine expression on B cells undergoing apoptosis","volume":"84","author":"Koopman","year":"1994","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2006.55","article-title":"In\u00a0vitro measurement of cell death with the annexin A5 affinity assay","volume":"1","author":"van Genderen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Protoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0320(19980101)31:1<1::AID-CYTO1>3.0.CO;2-R","article-title":"Annexin V\u2013affinity assay: a review on an apoptosis detection system based on phosphatidylserine exposure","volume":"31","author":"van Engeland","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cytometry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.182.5.1545","article-title":"Early redistribution of plasma membrane phosphatidylserine is a general feature of apoptosis regardless of the initiating stimulus: inhibition by overexpression of Bcl-2 and Abl","volume":"182","author":"Martin","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/0471141755.ph1208s25","article-title":"Measurement of cell death in mammalian cells","author":"Cummings","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr Protoc Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1006\/cimm.1998.1443","article-title":"Apoptotic human lymphocytes have diminished CD4 and CD8 receptor expression","volume":"193","author":"Potter","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cell Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2469","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.170.5.2469","article-title":"Glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis of thymocytes: requirement of proteasome-dependent mitochondrial activity","volume":"170","author":"Tonomura","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4822","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.165.9.4822","article-title":"An early oxygen-dependent step is required for dexamethasone-induced apoptosis of immature mouse thymocytes","volume":"165","author":"Torres-Roca","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2350","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1000317","article-title":"Regulation of the IL-21 gene by the NF-kappaB transcription factor c-Rel","volume":"185","author":"Chen","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1126\/science.270.5234.283","article-title":"Role of transcriptional activation of I kappa B alpha in mediation of immunosuppression by glucocorticoids","volume":"270","author":"Scheinman","year":"1995","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1126\/science.270.5234.286","article-title":"Immunosuppression by glucocorticoids: inhibition of NF-kappa B activity through induction of I kappa B synthesis","volume":"270","author":"Auphan","year":"1995","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199704103361506","article-title":"Nuclear factor-kappaB: a pivotal transcription factor in chronic inflammatory diseases","volume":"336","author":"Barnes","year":"1997","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9908","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.3532","article-title":"Interleukin-21 sustains inflammatory signals that contribute to sporadic colon tumorigenesis","volume":"6","author":"De Simone","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1007\/s004320100255","article-title":"Expression pattern of the AP-1 family in endometrial cancer: correlations with cell cycle regulators","volume":"127","author":"Bamberger","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Cancer Res Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7701328","article-title":"Ras-dependent induction of cellular responses by constitutively active phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase","volume":"268","author":"Hu","year":"1995","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0806494","article-title":"IL-21 promotes T lymphocyte survival by activating the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase signaling cascade","volume":"82","author":"Ostiguy","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2018.02.008","article-title":"Cushing\u2019s syndrome in pediatrics: an update","volume":"47","author":"Lodish","year":"2018","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib43","first-page":"1905","article-title":"The effect of Cushing\u2019s disease on bone mineral density, body composition, growth, and puberty: a report of an identical adolescent twin pair","volume":"81","author":"Leong","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3818","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-031531","article-title":"Prepubertal Cushing\u2019s disease is more common in males, but there is no increase in severity at diagnosis","volume":"89","author":"Storr","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib45","first-page":"100","article-title":"Pediatric Cushing syndrome; an overview","volume":"17","author":"Tatsi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatr Endocrinol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20180595","article-title":"Immune regulation by glucocorticoids can be linked to cell type\u2013dependent transcriptional responses","volume":"216","author":"Franco","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2015.345","article-title":"Bcl-2 together with PI3K p110alpha regulates cell morphology and cell migration","volume":"6","author":"Wan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10761","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.15.10761","article-title":"Akt\/protein kinase B up-regulates Bcl-2 expression through cAMP-response element-binding protein","volume":"275","author":"Pugazhenthi","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.07.049","article-title":"Direct GR binding sites potentiate clusters of TF binding across the human genome","volume":"166","author":"Vockley","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2738","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02738","article-title":"Chromatin accessibility and interactions in the transcriptional regulation of T cells","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib51","first-page":"997","article-title":"Enhanced T cell recovery in HIV-1\u2013infected adults through IL-7 treatment","volume":"119","author":"Levy","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-12-4355","article-title":"IL-2\u2013induced CD4+ T-cell expansion in HIV-infected patients is associated with long-term decreases in T-cell proliferation","volume":"104","author":"Sereti","year":"2004","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2034","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2007.14.5193","article-title":"Phase I study of recombinant interleukin-21 in patients with metastatic melanoma and renal cell carcinoma","volume":"26","author":"Thompson","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1688","article-title":"Interleukin-21: a modulator of lymphoid proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation","volume":"5","author":"Leonard","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1177\/1091581812449661","article-title":"Preclinical safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of recombinant human interleukin-21 in cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis)","volume":"31","author":"Waggie","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Toxicol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0091674921008897?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0091674921008897?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T09:33:11Z","timestamp":1758792791000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0091674921008897"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0091674921008897"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031","relation":{},"ISSN":["0091-6749"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0091-6749","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Cushing syndrome and glucocorticoids: T-cell lymphopenia, apoptosis, and rescue by IL-21","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.05.031","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}