{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T20:57:08Z","timestamp":1792270628416,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PO1AI145818PI"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PO1AI145818PI"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jacionline.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,18]],"date-time":"2022-03-18T20:19:48Z","timestamp":1647634788000},"page":"701-708.e4","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Strong and consistent associations of precedent chronic rhinosinusitis with risk of non\u2013cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"150","author":[{"given":"Brian S.","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saba A.","family":"Al-Sayouri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan S.","family":"Pollak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annemarie G.","family":"Hirsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Kern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atsushi","family":"Kato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert P.","family":"Schleimer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anju T.","family":"Peters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0137348","article-title":"Impacts of co-existing chronic rhinosinusitis on disease severity and risks of exacerbations in chinese adults with bronchiectasis","volume":"10","author":"Guan","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-018-0042-3","volume":"4","author":"Chalmers","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bronchiectasis. Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0051-2019","article-title":"Is bronchiectasis really a disease?","volume":"29","author":"Shteinberg","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Respir Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1183\/20734735.007516","article-title":"Global impact of bronchiectasis and cystic fibrosis","volume":"12","author":"Redondo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Breathe (Sheff)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00328-2018","article-title":"The overlap between bronchiectasis and chronic airway diseases: state of the art and future directions","volume":"52","author":"Polverino","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2016.10.055","article-title":"Adult patients with bronchiectasis: a first look at the US Bronchiectasis Research Registry","volume":"151","author":"Aksamit","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.2147\/COPD.S243429","article-title":"The bronchiectasis in COPD-OSA overlap syndrome patients","volume":"15","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00170014","article-title":"COPD-bronchiectasis overlap syndrome","volume":"45","author":"Hurst","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.97.10040795","article-title":"Dissociation of neutrophil emigration and metabolic activity in lobar pneumonia and bronchiectasis","volume":"10","author":"Jones","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1097\/ACI.0000000000000492","article-title":"Bronchiectasis and asthma: a dangerous liaison?","volume":"19","author":"Crimi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1080\/02770903.2019.1579832","article-title":"Severe asthma and bronchiectasis","volume":"57","author":"Garcia-Clemente","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Asthma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1764","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201507-472OC","article-title":"Etiology of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis in adults and its correlation to disease severity","volume":"12","author":"Lonni","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2019.04.022","article-title":"Asthma as aetiology of bronchiectasis in Finland","volume":"152","author":"Mantyla","year":"2019","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2020.03.004","article-title":"A real-world assessment of asthma with chronic rhinosinusitis","volume":"125","author":"Ricciardolo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1424","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.22436","article-title":"Prevalence and characterization of chronic rhinosinusitis in patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis at a tertiary care center in the United States","volume":"9","author":"Somani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2021.04.054","article-title":"Prevalence of bronchiectasis in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis in a tertiary care center","volume":"9","author":"Peters","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1089\/ped.2019.1030","article-title":"Noncystic fibrosis bronchiectasis: evaluation of an extensive diagnostic protocol in determining pediatric lung disease etiology","volume":"32","author":"Beckeringh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatr Allergy Immunol Pulmonol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-018-0630-8","article-title":"Pathogenesis, imaging and clinical characteristics of CF and non-CF bronchiectasis","volume":"18","author":"Schafer","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Pulmon Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-019-0900-0","article-title":"High prevalence of bronchiectasis on chest CT in a selected cohort of children with severe Asthma","volume":"19","author":"Lo","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Pulmon Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.10.027","volume":"155","author":"McShane","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bronchiectasis. Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2019.09.012","article-title":"Epidemiology of bronchiectasis in the UK: findings from the British lung foundation's 'Respiratory Health of the Nation' project","volume":"158","author":"Snell","year":"2019","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1016\/S0954-6111(03)00063-5","article-title":"Long-term antibiotics in the management of non-CF bronchiectasis--do they improve outcome?","volume":"97","author":"Evans","year":"2003","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31767-7","article-title":"Advances in bronchiectasis: endotyping, genetics, microbiome, and disease heterogeneity","volume":"392","author":"Flume","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2004","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2019.02.026","article-title":"Prevalence and clinical implications of chronic rhinosinusitis in people with bronchiectasis: a systematic review","volume":"7","author":"Handley","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215107009140","article-title":"Bronchiectasis and sino-nasal disease: a review","volume":"122","author":"Philpott","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.2147\/COPD.S124248","article-title":"Chronic rhinosinusitis is associated with higher prevalence and severity of bronchiectasis in patients with COPD","volume":"12","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2008.01892.x","article-title":"United airways again: high prevalence of rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps in bronchiectasis","volume":"64","author":"Guilemany","year":"2009","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-6-149","article-title":"Pathophysiological classification of chronic rhinosinusitis","volume":"6","author":"Baraniuk","year":"2005","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.4193\/Rhin20.601","article-title":"Executive summary of EPOS 2020 including integrated care pathways","volume":"58","author":"Fokkens","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.06.063","article-title":"Heterogeneous inflammatory patterns in chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps in Chicago, Illinois","volume":"139","author":"Tan","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2020.01.013","article-title":"Use of endotypes, phenotypes, and inflammatory markers to guide treatment decisions in chronic rhinosinusitis","volume":"124","author":"Staudacher","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2012.02.004","article-title":"Pathogenesis of bronchiectasis","volume":"33","author":"Moulton","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Chest Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2017.08.005","article-title":"The role of non-invasive modalities for assessing inflammation in patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis","volume":"99","author":"Tsikrika","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib34","first-page":"163","article-title":"Unconventional natural gas development and birth outcomes in Pennsylvania, USA","volume":"27","author":"Casey","year":"2016","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/82.4.669","article-title":"Causal diagrams for empirical research","volume":"82","author":"Pearl","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/155.2.176","article-title":"Causal knowledge as a prerequisite for confounding evaluation: an application to birth defects epidemiology","volume":"155","author":"Hernan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2017.10.004","article-title":"Measures of SES for electronic health record-based research","volume":"54","author":"Casey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00115-2017","article-title":"Upper airway involvement in bronchiectasis is marked by early onset and allergic features","volume":"4","author":"Shteinberg","year":"2018","journal-title":"ERJ Open Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.156.2.9610079","article-title":"Experimental rhinovirus 16 infection. Effects on cell differentials and soluble markers in sputum in asthmatic subjects","volume":"156","author":"Grunberg","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.575550","article-title":"Alterations in oral-nasal-pharyngeal microbiota and salivary proteins in mouth-breathing children","volume":"11","author":"Fan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2001.113046","article-title":"Nasal allergen provocation induces adhesion molecule expression and tissue eosinophilia in upper and lower airways","volume":"107","author":"Braunstahl","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.155.3.9117003","article-title":"Detection of rhinovirus RNA in lower airway cells during experimentally induced infection","volume":"155","author":"Gern","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.1997.tb00670.x","article-title":"Effect of experimental rhinovirus 16 colds on airway hyperresponsiveness to histamine and interleukin-8 in nasal lavage in asthmatic subjects in\u00a0vivo","volume":"27","author":"Grunberg","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2016.11.033","article-title":"The clinical significance of specific antibody deficiency (SAD) severity in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS)","volume":"5","author":"Keswani","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2018-212895","article-title":"Antimicrobial peptides, disease severity and exacerbations in bronchiectasis","volume":"74","author":"Sibila","year":"2019","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/1057186","article-title":"Reduced expression of antimicrobial protein secretory leukoprotease inhibitor and clusterin in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps","volume":"2021","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Immunol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2012.05.052","article-title":"Defective epithelial barrier in chronic rhinosinusitis: the regulation of tight\u00a0junctions by IFN-gamma and IL-4","volume":"130","author":"Soyka","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.2012.123","article-title":"NHERF1 and CFTR restore tight junction organisation and function in cystic fibrosis airway epithelial cells: role of ezrin and the RhoA\/ROCK pathway","volume":"92","author":"Castellani","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2020.00088","article-title":"Aberrant epithelial cell proliferation in peripheral airways in bronchiectasis","volume":"8","author":"Peng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pathol-052016-100401","article-title":"Immunopathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis","volume":"12","author":"Schleimer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2812","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2019.05.009","article-title":"Associations between inflammatory endotypes and clinical presentations in chronic rhinosinusitis","volume":"7","author":"Stevens","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0120-2019","article-title":"The radiological diagnosis of bronchiectasis: what's in a name?","volume":"29","author":"Tiddens","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Respir Rev"}],"container-title":["Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S009167492200344X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S009167492200344X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T09:39:23Z","timestamp":1758793163000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S009167492200344X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S009167492200344X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["0091-6749"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0091-6749","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Strong and consistent associations of precedent chronic rhinosinusitis with risk of non\u2013cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}