{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T08:59:26Z","timestamp":1789721966556,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,4]],"date-time":"2025-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735948800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":369,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100002567","name":"American Academy of Allergy Asthma and Immunology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100002567","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006545","name":"National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01MD017816"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01MD017816"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006545","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21AI164100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21AI164100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001245","name":"Jeffrey Modell Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["58293-I"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["58293-I"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001245","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jacionline.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2023.09.036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T04:57:20Z","timestamp":1696481840000},"page":"335-340.e1","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Racial and ethnic disparities in early mortality among patients with inborn errors of immunity"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"153","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1241-1013","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mei-Sing","family":"Ong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas L.","family":"Rider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Stein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul J.","family":"Maglione","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alison","family":"Galbraith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel V.","family":"DiGiacomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jocelyn R.","family":"Farmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2023.09.036_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6617e1","article-title":"Vital signs: racial disparities in age-specific mortality among Blacks or African Americans - United States, 1999-2015","volume":"66","author":"Cunningham","year":"2017","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2023.09.036_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2018.09.030","article-title":"United States trends in mortality rates for primary immunodeficiency diseases","volume":"7","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez P\u00e9rez","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2023.09.036_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.060199","article-title":"Disparities in cardiovascular mortality between Black and White adults in the United States, 1999 to 2019","volume":"146","author":"Kyalwazi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2023.09.036_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2815","article-title":"The X chromosome in immune functions: when a chromosome makes the difference","volume":"10","author":"Libert","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2023.09.036_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1007\/s40615-017-0341-5","article-title":"Mortality among black men in the USA","volume":"5","author":"Pathak","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Racial Ethn Health Disparities"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2023.09.036_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1662","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.7022","article-title":"Excess mortality and years of potential life lost among the Black population in the US, 1999-2020","volume":"329","author":"Caraballo","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2023.09.036_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-199509000-00005","article-title":"Poverty and death in the United States--1973 and 1991","volume":"6","author":"Hahn","year":"1995","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2023.09.036_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-7599.2008.00359.x","article-title":"Barriers to health care and health-seeking behaviors faced by Black men","volume":"20","author":"Cheatham","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Am Acad Nurse Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2023.09.036_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2004.01.761","article-title":"Identifying undiagnosed primary immunodeficiency diseases in minority subjects by using computer sorting of diagnosis codes","volume":"113","author":"Cunningham-Rundles","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2023.09.036_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2923","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2021.03.021","article-title":"Clinical disparity of primary antibody deficiency patients at a safety net hospital","volume":"9","author":"Wallace","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2023.09.036_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.02.034","article-title":"Health disparities in allergic and immunologic conditions in racial and ethnic underserved populations: a work group report of the AAAAI Committee on the Underserved","volume":"147","author":"Davis","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2023.09.036_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.07.049","article-title":"Long-term clinical outcome of patients with severe combined immunodeficiency who received related donor bone marrow transplants without pretransplant chemotherapy or post-transplant GVHD prophylaxis","volume":"155","author":"Railey","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2023.09.036_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.04.024","article-title":"Newborn screening for severe combined immunodeficiency and T-cell lymphopenia in California: results of the first 2 years","volume":"132","author":"Kwan","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2023.09.036_bib14","first-page":"143","article-title":"Newborn screening for severe combined immunodeficiency and T-cell lymphopenia in California, 2010-2017","author":"Amatuni","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2023.09.036_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1705","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.12.002","article-title":"Prevalence and outcomes of primary immunodeficiency in hospitalized children in the United States","volume":"6","author":"Rubin","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2023.09.036_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.85.7.949","article-title":"US mortality by economic, demographic, and social characteristics: the National Longitudinal Mortality Study","volume":"85","author":"Sorlie","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2023.09.036_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-0969","article-title":"American College of Physicians, Transitions Clinical Report Authoring Group, Cooley WC, Sagerman PJ. Supporting the health care transition from adolescence to adulthood in the medical home","volume":"128","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2023.09.036_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.30069","article-title":"The 22q11.2 deletion in African-American patients: an underdiagnosed population?","volume":"134","author":"McDonald-McGinn","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2023.09.036_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2186","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.34226","article-title":"Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome in African-American patients: a diagnostic challenge","volume":"155A","author":"Veerapandiyan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2023.09.036_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.38199","article-title":"22q11.2 deletion syndrome in diverse populations","volume":"173","author":"Kruszka","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2023.09.036_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2020.04.084","article-title":"Skin color in dermatology textbooks: an updated evaluation and analysis","volume":"84","author":"Adelekun","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2023.09.036_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.17608","article-title":"Under-representation of skin of colour in dermatology images: not just an educational issue","volume":"180","author":"Lester","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2023.09.036_bib23","first-page":"12","article-title":"Family physician perspectives on primary immunodeficiency diseases","volume":"3","author":"Orange","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2023.09.036_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1097\/GIM.0b013e3181f3e2c9","article-title":"Primary immunodeficiency diseases: practice among primary care providers and awareness among the general public, United States, 2008","volume":"12","author":"Waltenburg","year":"2010","journal-title":"Genet Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2023.09.036_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.83.9.1289","article-title":"CDC WONDER: a comprehensive on-line public health information system of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","volume":"83","author":"Friede","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2023.09.036_bib26","first-page":"1","article-title":"Age standardization of death rates; implementation of the year 2000 standard","volume":"47","author":"Anderson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Natl Vital Stat Rep"}],"container-title":["Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0091674923012484?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0091674923012484?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T09:50:30Z","timestamp":1758793830000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0091674923012484"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0091674923012484"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaci.2023.09.036","relation":{},"ISSN":["0091-6749"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0091-6749","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Racial and ethnic disparities in early mortality among patients with inborn errors of immunity","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaci.2023.09.036","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}