{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T18:30:56Z","timestamp":1790188256776,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,1]],"date-time":"2016-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1472688000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,8]],"date-time":"2016-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1470614400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","lipidjournal.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Clinical Lipidology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,11]],"date-time":"2016-08-11T18:39:36Z","timestamp":1470940776000},"page":"1212-1222","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Efficacy and safety of gemcabene as add-on to stable statin therapy in hypercholesterolemic patients"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Evan","family":"Stein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harold","family":"Bays","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Koren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Bakker-Arkema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Bisgaier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib1","series-title":"Lipid Modification: Cardiovascular Risk Assessment and the Modification of Blood Lipids for the Primary and Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60367-5","article-title":"The effects of lowering LDL cholesterol with statin therapy in people at low risk of vascular disease: meta-analysis of individual data from 27 randomised trials","volume":"380","author":"Mihaylova","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67394-1","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of cholesterol-lowering treatment: prospective meta-analysis of data from 90,056 participants in 14 randomised trials of statins","volume":"366","author":"Baigent","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.5551\/jat.15792","article-title":"Executive summary of the Japan Atherosclerosis Society (JAS) guidelines for the diagnosis and prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases in Japan -2012 version","volume":"20","author":"Teramoto","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Atheroscler Thromb"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2012.11.032","article-title":"2012 update of the Canadian Cardiovascular Society guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of dyslipidemia for the prevention of cardiovascular disease in the adult","volume":"29","author":"Anderson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2387","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1410489","article-title":"Ezetimibe Added to Statin Therapy after Acute Coronary Syndromes","volume":"372","author":"Cannon","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2004.07.001","article-title":"Implications of recent clinical trials for the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III Guidelines","volume":"44","author":"Grundy","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2363","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.174516","article-title":"AHA\/ACC guidelines for secondary prevention for patients with coronary and other atherosclerotic vascular disease: 2006 update: endorsed by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","volume":"113","author":"Smith","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4158\/EP.18.S1.1","article-title":"American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists' Guidelines for Management of Dyslipidemia and Prevention of Atherosclerosis","volume":"18","author":"Jellinger","year":"2012","journal-title":"Endocr Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2015.02.003","article-title":"National lipid association recommendations for patient-centered management of dyslipidemia: part 1\u2013full report","volume":"9","author":"Jacobson","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Lipidol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2010.11.006","article-title":"Achieving optimal lipid goals in patients with coronary artery disease","volume":"107","author":"Karalis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1177\/1741826711400545","article-title":"Persistent lipid abnormalities in statin-treated patients and predictors of LDL-cholesterol goal achievement in clinical practice in Europe and Canada","volume":"19","author":"Gitt","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.2165\/11319380-000000000-00000","article-title":"Risk factors and drug interactions predisposing to statin-induced myopathy: implications for risk assessment, prevention and treatment","volume":"33","author":"Chatzizisis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Drug Saf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.4065\/76.10.971","article-title":"Effectiveness of colesevelam hydrochloride in decreasing LDL cholesterol in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia: a 24-week randomized controlled trial","volume":"76","author":"Insull","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1885","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2013.08.031","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of ezetimibe added to atorvastatin versus atorvastatin uptitration or switching to rosuvastatin in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia","volume":"112","author":"Bays","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.2217\/clp.10.49","article-title":"Update on the efficacy and safety of combination ezetimibe plus statin therapy","volume":"5","author":"Catapano","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Lipidol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.2217\/clp.12.88","article-title":"The efficacy and safety of ezetimibe coadministered with statin therapy in various patient groups","volume":"8","author":"Catapano","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Lipidol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61731-0","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of a microsomal triglyceride transfer protein inhibitor in patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: a single-arm, open-label, phase 3 study","volume":"381","author":"Cuchel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehs023","article-title":"Mipomersen, an apolipoprotein B synthesis inhibitor, lowers low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in high-risk statin-intolerant patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"33","author":"Visser","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1097\/CRD.0b013e31823424be","article-title":"Mipomersen: a safe and effective antisense therapy adjunct to statins in patients with hypercholesterolemia","volume":"20","author":"Ricotta","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cardiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2007","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61770-X","volume":"380","author":"Giugliano","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1891","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1201832","article-title":"Atorvastatin with or without an antibody to PCSK9 in primary hypercholesterolemia","volume":"367","author":"Roth","year":"2012","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60771-5","volume":"380","author":"Stein","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib24","series-title":"US Patent 5,756,544 Carboxyalkylethers, formulations, and treatment of vascular diseases","author":"Bisgaier","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib25","series-title":"US Patent 8,557,835 Statin-carboxyalkylether combinations","author":"Bisgaier","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)34199-7","article-title":"A novel compound that elevates high density lipoprotein and activates the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor","volume":"39","author":"Bisgaier","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(03)00721-5","article-title":"Effectiveness and tolerability of a new lipid-altering agent, gemcabene, in patients with low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol","volume":"92","author":"Bays","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E513","DOI":"10.1208\/aapsj070352","article-title":"Model-based development of gemcabene, a new lipid-altering agent","volume":"7","author":"Mandema","year":"2005","journal-title":"AAPS J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/18.6.499","article-title":"Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge","volume":"18","author":"Friedewald","year":"1972","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/28.6.1379","article-title":"Dextran sulfate-Mg2+ precipitation procedure for quantitation of high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol","volume":"28","author":"Warnick","year":"1982","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.2307\/2530051","article-title":"Analysis of covariance using the rank transformation","volume":"38","author":"Conover","year":"1982","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2889","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.11.002","article-title":"2013 ACC\/AHA guideline on the treatment of blood cholesterol to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines","volume":"63","author":"Stone","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20070308","article-title":"Apolipoprotein C-III: understanding an emerging cardiovascular risk factor","volume":"114","author":"Ooi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Sci (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1097\/MOL.0000000000000146","article-title":"The crucial roles of apolipoproteins E and C-III in apoB lipoprotein metabolism in normolipidemia and hypertriglyceridemia","volume":"26","author":"Sacks","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Opin Lipidol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A17824","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.132.suppl_3.17824","article-title":"Gemcabene and atorvastatin alone and combined markedly reduce LDL-C in LDL receptor-deficient mice, a model of homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia","volume":"132","author":"Bisgaier","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib36","series-title":"Lipid-lowering agent gemcabene down-regulates acute phase C-reactive protein via C\/EBP-\u03b4-mediated transcriptional mechanism and attenuates inflammation and osteoarthritis in animal models","author":"Srivastava","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1781","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60716-8","article-title":"The safety of statins in clinical practice","volume":"370","author":"Armitage","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1753","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2007.01.067","article-title":"Safety of aggressive lipid management","volume":"49","author":"Davidson","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2009.08.651","article-title":"Meta-analysis of comparative efficacy of increasing dose of Atorvastatin versus Rosuvastatin versus Simvastatin on lowering levels of atherogenic lipids (from VOYAGER)","volume":"105","author":"Nicholls","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.018381","article-title":"Achievement of dual low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein targets more frequent with the addition of ezetimibe to simvastatin and associated with better outcomes in IMPROVE-IT","volume":"132","author":"Bohula","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib41","unstructured":"Zetia (Ezetmibe) Tablets Prescribing Information. Issued September 2007. Food and Drug Administration. US Department of Health and Human Services."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib42","series-title":"Esperion Press Release: Positive top-line results from ETC-1002-009","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1870","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.4030","article-title":"Effect of evolocumab or ezetimibe added to moderate- or high-intensity statin therapy on LDL-C lowering in patients with hypercholesterolemia: the LAPLACE-2 randomized clinical trial","volume":"311","author":"Robinson","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Lipidology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1933287416302756?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1933287416302756?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,5]],"date-time":"2022-07-05T20:39:15Z","timestamp":1657053555000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1933287416302756"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S1933287416302756"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["1933-2874"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1933-2874","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Efficacy and safety of gemcabene as add-on to stable statin therapy in hypercholesterolemic patients","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Clinical Lipidology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2016 National Lipid Association. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}