{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T23:05:26Z","timestamp":1793142326599,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]],"date-time":"2022-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667260800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]],"date-time":"2022-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667260800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of the Academy of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,13]],"date-time":"2022-07-13T23:04:16Z","timestamp":1657753456000},"page":"607-618","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Electroconvulsive Therapy-Resistant Catatonia: Case Report and Literature Review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6136-3452","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tuna","family":"Hasoglu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Francis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Mormando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1080\/09540261.2020.1723500","article-title":"Catatonia revived: a unique syndrome updated","volume":"32","author":"Mormando","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int Rev Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib2","first-page":"140","article-title":"Catatonia in the medically ill: etiology, diagnosis, and treatment. The Academy of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry Evidence-Based Medicine Subcommittee monograph","volume":"30","author":"Denysenko","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1837","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000002642","article-title":"Delirium and catatonia in critically ill patients","volume":"45","author":"Wilson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-014-0143-9","article-title":"Catatonia in patients with autism: prevalence and management","volume":"28","author":"Mazzone","year":"2014","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1177\/1039856215604998","article-title":"Prevalence and symptomatology of catatonia in elderly patients referred to a consultation-liaison psychiatry service","volume":"24","author":"Kaelle","year":"2016","journal-title":"Australas Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.neuropsych.15090218","article-title":"Catatonia in neurologic and psychiatric patients at a tertiary neurological center","volume":"28","author":"Espinola-Nadurille","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.04.009","article-title":"Prevalence and clinical correlations of catatonia in older adults referred to a liaison psychiatry service in a general hospital","volume":"35","author":"Jaimes-Albornoz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gen Hosp Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1996.tb09815.x","article-title":"Catatonia. II. Treatment with lorazepam and electroconvulsive therapy","volume":"93","author":"Bush","year":"1996","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-017-0819-5","article-title":"Is electroconvulsive therapy an evidence-based treatment for catatonia? A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"268","author":"Leroy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib10","first-page":"149","article-title":"Optimizing ECT technique in treating catatonia","volume":"32","author":"Fink","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0ECT"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-440X(74)90053-4","article-title":"Catatonia: prediction of outcome","volume":"15","author":"Morrison","year":"1974","journal-title":"Compr Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1111\/bdi.12348","article-title":"Catatonia in 26 patients with bipolar disorder: clinical features and response to electroconvulsive therapy","volume":"17","author":"Medda","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib13","series-title":"Catatonia: from psychopathology to neurobiology","first-page":"161","article-title":"Prognosis and complications","author":"Levenson","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00109-7","article-title":"Serum iron in catatonia and neuroleptic malignant syndrome","volume":"44","author":"Lee","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S231573","article-title":"Electroconvulsive therapy for patients with catatonia: current perspectives","volume":"16","author":"Lloyd","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psym.2020.05.026","article-title":"Can memantine improve catatonia and co-occurring cognitive dysfunction? A case report and brief literature review","volume":"61","author":"Graziane","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2017.06.011","article-title":"Alternative treatment strategies for catatonia: a systematic review","volume":"48","author":"Beach","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gen Hosp Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib18","series-title":"Catatonia: from psychopathology to neurobiology","first-page":"141","article-title":"Pharmacotherapy","author":"Rosebush","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(96)00378-2","article-title":"Synergism of lorazepam and electroconvulsive therapy in the treatment of catatonia","volume":"42","author":"Petrides","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib24","first-page":"110","article-title":"Diminished ECT response in catatonia due to chronic neurologic condition","volume":"19","author":"Swartz","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0ECT"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.148.9.1265a","article-title":"Lorazepam in the treatment of catatonia","volume":"148","author":"Smith","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1744-859X-11-12","article-title":"Treatment of refractory catatonic schizophrenia with low dose aripiprazole","volume":"11","author":"Sasaki","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E9","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.neuropsych.11080191","article-title":"Combination therapy of zonisamide with aripiprazole on ECT- and benzodiazepine-resistant periodic\u00a0catatonia to","volume":"24","author":"Nakagawa","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881105053313","article-title":"Clozapine monotherapy for catatonic schizophrenia: should clozapine be the treatment of choice, with catatonia rather than psychosis as the main therapeutic index?","volume":"19","author":"Dursun","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-6748.110955","article-title":"Clozapine responsive catatonia: a series of five cases","volume":"21","author":"Chattopadhyay","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ind Psychiatry J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1176\/jnp.2007.19.4.480","article-title":"Amantadine in catatonia due to major depressive disorder in a medically ill patient","volume":"19","author":"Goforth","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1097\/00004714-198506000-00010","article-title":"Treatment-resistant catatonic stupor and combined lithium-neuroleptic therapy: a case report","volume":"5","author":"Climo","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1819.2006.01495.x","article-title":"Clozapine in schizophrenia patients with recurrent catatonia: report of two cases","volume":"60","author":"Hung","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2013.01.030","article-title":"Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for catatonic schizophrenia: a case study","volume":"146","author":"Shiozawa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1996.tb09814.x","article-title":"Catatonia. I. Rating scale and standardized examination","volume":"93","author":"Bush","year":"1996","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib21","series-title":"Catatonia: from psychopathology to neurobiology","first-page":"151","article-title":"Convulsive therapy","author":"Petrides","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1176\/jnp.23.2.jnp223","article-title":"Catatonia in psychotic patients: clinical features and treatment response","volume":"23","author":"England","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-021-03053-0","article-title":"Case report: delayed response after electroconvulsive therapy in a patient with major depressive disorder","volume":"21","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1080\/13651501.2021.1951294","article-title":"Clinical features and predictors of non-response in severe catatonic patients treated with electroconvulsive therapy","volume":"25","author":"Tripodi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib26","first-page":"599","article-title":"Successful amantadine treatment of a patient with ECT-resistant catatonia","volume":"58","author":"Walstra","year":"2016","journal-title":"Tijdschr Psychiatr"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00014200","article-title":"The many varieties of catatonia","volume":"251","author":"Fink","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1017\/S1092852900013419","article-title":"An analysis of 17 catatonic patients diagnosed with neuroleptic malignant syndrome","volume":"5","author":"White","year":"2000","journal-title":"CNS Spectr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib34","series-title":"Catatonia: from psychopathology to neurobiology","first-page":"129","article-title":"Drug-induced catatonia","author":"Lopez-Canino","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.2190\/X0FF-VU7G-QQP7-L5V7","article-title":"Somatic treatment of catatonia","volume":"25","author":"Hawkins","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int J Psychiatry Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1177\/088506669701200304","article-title":"Recognition and treatment of the catatonic syndrome","volume":"12","author":"Fricchione","year":"1997","journal-title":"J\u00a0Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X02000109","article-title":"What catatonia can tell us about \u201ctop-down modulation\u201d: a neuropsychiatric hypothesis","volume":"25","author":"Northoff","year":"2002","journal-title":"Behav Brain Sci"}],"container-title":["Journal of the Academy of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2667296022002956?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2667296022002956?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T08:43:36Z","timestamp":1757407416000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2667296022002956"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S2667296022002956"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["2667-2960"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2667-2960","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Electroconvulsive Therapy-Resistant Catatonia: Case Report and Literature Review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of the Academy of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.07.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Academy of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}