{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T21:00:36Z","timestamp":1777669236569,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008523","name":"University of Illinois at Chicago Center for Clinical and Translational Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008523","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000070","name":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["75N92020C00008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["75N92020C00008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000070","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000070","name":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["75N92020C00021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["75N92020C00021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000070","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","jacr.org","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.com.au","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of the American College of Radiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2021.09.010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]],"date-time":"2022-01-13T12:31:19Z","timestamp":1642077079000},"page":"184-191","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"special_numbering":"PB","title":["Detecting Racial\/Ethnic Health Disparities Using Deep Learning From Frontal Chest Radiography"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8108-4706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ayis","family":"Pyrros","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jorge Mario","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen M.","family":"Borstelmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Judy Wawira","family":"Gichoya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeanne M.","family":"Horowitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Fornelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9867-5182","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nasir","family":"Siddiqui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yury","family":"Velichko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oluwasanmi","family":"Koyejo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Galanter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2021.09.010_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2052","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.6775","article-title":"Presenting characteristics, comorbidities, and outcomes among 5700 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in the New York City area","volume":"323","author":"Richardson","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2021.09.010_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2466","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.8598","article-title":"COVID-19 and racial\/ethnic disparities","volume":"323","author":"Webb Hooper","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2021.09.010_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2521-4","article-title":"Factors associated with\u00a0COVID-19-related death using OpenSAFELY","volume":"584","author":"Williamson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2021.09.010_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.03.017","article-title":"Prevalence of comorbidities and its effects in patients infected with SARS-Cov-2: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"94","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2021.09.010_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E303","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2020202602","article-title":"Racial and ethnic disparities in disease severity on admission chest radiographs among patients admitted with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"297","author":"Joseph","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2021.09.010_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2018.09.007","article-title":"How do we assess a racial disparity in health? Distribution, interaction, and interpretation in epidemiological studies","volume":"29","author":"Ward","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2021.09.010_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2020209027","article-title":"Radiology in the era of value-based healthcare: a multi-society expert statement from the ACR, CAR, ESR, IS3R, RANZCR, and RSNA","volume":"298","author":"Brady","year":"2021","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2021.09.010_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.5334\/ijic.2500","article-title":"A\u00a0review on methods of risk adjustment and their use in integrated healthcare systems","volume":"16","author":"Juhnke","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Integr Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2021.09.010_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0241825","article-title":"Development and validation of a 30-day mortality index based on pre-existing medical administrative data from 13,323 COVID-19 patients: the Veterans Health Administration COVID-19 (Vaco) index","volume":"15","author":"King","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2021.09.010_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.05.002","article-title":"Predicting prolonged hospitalization and supplemental oxygenation in patients with COVID-19 infection from ambulatory chest radiographs using deep learning","volume":"28","author":"Pyrros","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acad Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2021.09.010_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101965","DOI":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2020.101965","article-title":"The automation of bias in medical artificial intelligence (AI): decoding the past to create a better future","volume":"110","author":"Straw","year":"2020","journal-title":"Artif Intell Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2021.09.010_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113901","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.113901","article-title":"Racial disparities in provider-patient communication of incidental medical findings","volume":"277","author":"Schut","year":"2021","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2021.09.010_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.2307\/2531595","article-title":"Comparing the areas under two or more correlated receiver operating characteristic curves: a nonparametric approach","volume":"44","author":"DeLong","year":"1988","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2021.09.010_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1097\/01974520-201510000-00002","article-title":"The risks and rewards of value-based reimbursement","volume":"32","author":"Henkel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Health Serv Manage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2021.09.010_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1530","DOI":"10.1353\/hpu.2020.0114","article-title":"Language and health equity during COVID-19: lessons and opportunities","volume":"31","author":"Ortega","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Health Care Poor Underserved"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2021.09.010_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehu071","article-title":"Non-coronary atherosclerosis","volume":"35","author":"Gallino","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2021.09.010_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/46.8.558","article-title":"The preoperative chest X-ray","volume":"46","author":"Kerr","year":"1974","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2021.09.010_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2306","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2009.02558.x","article-title":"Do hierarchical condition category model scores predict hospitalization risk in newly enrolled Medicare advantage participants as well as probability of repeated admission scores?","volume":"57","author":"Mosley","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Geriatr Soc"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2022.01.004","type":"erratum","label":"Erratum","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646092800000}}],"container-title":["Journal of the American College of Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1546144021007481?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1546144021007481?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,22]],"date-time":"2022-01-22T02:28:52Z","timestamp":1642818532000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1546144021007481"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S1546144021007481"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacr.2021.09.010","relation":{"erratum":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2022.01.004","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1546-1440"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1546-1440","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Detecting Racial\/Ethnic Health Disparities Using Deep Learning From Frontal Chest Radiography","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of the American College of Radiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacr.2021.09.010","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 American College of Radiology","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}