{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T07:22:59Z","timestamp":1787728979389,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100002553","name":"Aid for Cancer Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100002553","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jacr.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of the American College of Radiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T19:56:17Z","timestamp":1781726177000},"page":"1810-1826","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["ACR Appropriateness Criteria\u00ae Gastrointestinal Bleeding-Child"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Joe B.","family":"Baker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael M.","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael N.","family":"Clemenshaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chinenye R.","family":"Dike","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew R.","family":"Hammer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madeline M.","family":"Joseph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Summer L.","family":"Kaplan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Manfredi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariana L.","family":"Meyers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannibal","family":"Person","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan D.","family":"Samet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marla B.K.","family":"Sammer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen","family":"Schenker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amit S.","family":"Sura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory","family":"Vorona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sherwin S.","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-010-0296-6","article-title":"Upper gastrointestinal bleeding","volume":"78","author":"Bhatia","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2014.986569","article-title":"Emergency department visits for gastrointestinal bleeding in children: results from the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample 2006-2011","volume":"31","author":"Pant","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-024-01592-2","article-title":"Gastrointestinal bleeding in children: diagnostic approach","volume":"50","author":"Piccirillo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ital J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199201000-00013","article-title":"Frequency of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in a pediatric intensive care unit","volume":"20","author":"Lacroix","year":"1992","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1328","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v23.i8.1328","article-title":"Pediatric gastrointestinal bleeding: perspectives from the Italian Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology","volume":"23","author":"Romano","year":"2017","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-022-05527-z","article-title":"Meckel diverticulum scintigraphy: technique, findings and diagnostic pitfalls","volume":"53","author":"Aboughalia","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-012-2721-x","article-title":"Accuracy of CT angiography in the diagnosis of acute gastrointestinal bleeding: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"23","author":"Garcia-Blazquez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2007.02.019","article-title":"Multi-detector CT: review of its use in acute GI haemorrhage","volume":"62","author":"Anthony","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2018170138","article-title":"CT for evaluation of acute gastrointestinal bleeding","volume":"38","author":"Wells","year":"2018","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2112","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-024-06074-5","article-title":"Dual-energy computed tomography: pediatric considerations","volume":"54","author":"Gallo-Bernal","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-019-02226-6","article-title":"Dual-energy CT evaluation of gastrointestinal bleeding","volume":"45","author":"Trabzonlu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Abdom Radiol (NY)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001_bib13","article-title":"The utility of a dual-phase, dual-energy CT protocol in patients presenting with overt gastrointestinal bleeding","volume":"10","author":"Mohammadinejad","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Radiol Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.003","article-title":"Management of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in children: variceal and nonvariceal","volume":"26","author":"Lirio","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2025.10.028","article-title":"ACR Appropriateness Criteria\u00ae ingested or aspirated foreign body-child","volume":"23","author":"Meyers","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carj.2012.12.002","article-title":"Computed tomography angiography in acute gastrointestinal and intra-abdominal bleeding in children: preliminary experience","volume":"64","author":"Parra","year":"2013","journal-title":"Can Assoc Radiol J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-011-2139-7","article-title":"Active gastrointestinal hemorrhage identification by blood pool contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography","volume":"41","author":"Williams","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.14.13795","article-title":"Pediatric body MR angiography: principles, techniques, and current status in body imaging","volume":"205","author":"Chavhan","year":"2015","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2015.97","article-title":"Arteriography for lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage: role of preceding abdominal computed tomographic angiogram in diagnosis and localization","volume":"150","author":"Jacovides","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13017-016-0112-3","article-title":"Lower gastrointestinal bleeding\u2014computed tomographic angiography, colonoscopy or both?","volume":"12","author":"Clerc","year":"2017","journal-title":"World J Emerg Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-200X.2008.02552.x","article-title":"Red blood cell scintigraphy in children with acute massive gastrointestinal bleeding","volume":"50","author":"Lee","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatr Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.2967\/jnmt.114.147959","article-title":"The SNMMI procedure standard\/EANM practice guideline for gastrointestinal bleeding scintigraphy 2.0","volume":"42","author":"Dam","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Nucl Med Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.22608","article-title":"Sonographic diagnosis of an ileal adenomyoma in a neonate","volume":"47","author":"Yan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Ultrasound"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-008-0812-2","article-title":"Sonographic diagnosis of intestinal polyps in children","volume":"38","author":"Parra","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.21.27242","article-title":"Ultrasound for midgut malrotation and midgut volvulus: AJR Expert Panel narrative review","volume":"218","author":"Nguyen","year":"2022","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2017.09.008","article-title":"Bleeding Meckel\u2019s diverticulum: a study of the accuracy of pertechnetate scintigraphy as a diagnostic tool","volume":"96","author":"Irvine","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1506","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-015-3340-x","article-title":"The value of repeat scintigraphy in patients with a high clinical suspicion for Meckel diverticulum after a negative or equivocal first Meckel scan","volume":"45","author":"Vali","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semnuclmed.2007.02.005","article-title":"Pediatric gastrointestinal nuclear medicine","volume":"37","author":"Warrington","year":"2007","journal-title":"Semin Nucl Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/j.giec.2022.11.007","article-title":"The role of endoscopy in the diagnosis and management of small bowel pathology in children","volume":"33","author":"Krasaelap","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.19.22274","article-title":"Applications of pediatric body CT angiography: what radiologists need to know","volume":"214","author":"Romberg","year":"2020","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2957","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-019-02131-y","article-title":"Society of abdominal radiology gastrointestinal bleeding disease-focused panel consensus recommendations for CTA technical parameters in the evaluation of acute overt gastrointestinal bleeding","volume":"44","author":"Fidler","year":"2019","journal-title":"Abdom Radiol (NY)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2017.05.044","article-title":"MR Enterography in paediatric patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding","volume":"93","author":"Casciani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-007-0448-7","article-title":"Pediatric gastrointestinal vascular anomalies: imaging and therapeutic issues","volume":"37","author":"Dubois","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/S1055-8586(99)70025-9","article-title":"Imaging and radiological interventional techniques for gastrointestinal bleeding in children","volume":"8","author":"Racadio","year":"1999","journal-title":"Semin Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.143.4.837","article-title":"Angiography in gastrointestinal bleeding in children","volume":"143","author":"Meyerovitz","year":"1984","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2022.02.020","article-title":"ACR Appropriateness Criteria\u00ae Crohn disease-child","volume":"19","author":"Moore","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2013.01.002","article-title":"Use of CT enterography for the diagnosis of lower gastrointestinal bleeding in pediatric patients","volume":"48","author":"Davis","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001_bib38","series-title":"Measuring sex, gender identity, and sexual orientation","article-title":"Engineering, and Medicine; Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education; Committee on National Statistics; Committee on Measuring Sex, Gender Identity, and Sexual Orientation. Measuring sex, gender identity, and sexual orientation","year":"2022"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American College of Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1546144026002322?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1546144026002322?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T06:26:49Z","timestamp":1787725609000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1546144026002322"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S1546144026002322"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["1546-1440"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1546-1440","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"ACR Appropriateness Criteria\u00ae Gastrointestinal Bleeding-Child","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of the American College of Radiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacr.2026.05.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 American College of Radiology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}