{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T05:13:05Z","timestamp":1792127585054,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,1]],"date-time":"2014-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1412121600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jad-journal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Affective Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,17]],"date-time":"2014-07-17T13:01:06Z","timestamp":1405602066000},"page":"298-305","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Coping strategies as mediators of the effect of the START (strategies for RelaTives) intervention on psychological morbidity for family carers of people with dementia in a randomised controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"168","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9750-9361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryan","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Barber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Penny","family":"Rapaport","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Griffin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gill","family":"Livingston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2009.06.005","article-title":"The coping with caregiving group program for Chinese caregivers of patients with Alzheimer\u05f3s disease in Hong Kong","volume":"78","author":"Au","year":"2010","journal-title":"Patient Educ. Couns."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.51.6.1173","article-title":"The moderator\u2013mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations","volume":"51","author":"Baron","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Personal. Soc. Psychol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3999(01)00296-3","article-title":"The validity of the hospital anxiety and depression scale. An updated literature review","volume":"52","author":"Bjelland","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Psychosom. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib4","article-title":"Missing data in clinical trials - a practical guide. National health service coordinating centre for research Methodology","author":"Carpenter","year":"2008","journal-title":"Birmingham"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327558ijbm0401_6","article-title":"You want to measure coping but your protocol\u2019s too long: consider the brief COPE","volume":"4","author":"Carver","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int. J. Behav. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.56.2.267","article-title":"Assessing coping strategies: a theoretically based approach","volume":"56","author":"Carver","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Personal. Soc. Psychol."},{"issue":"7656","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39549.548831.AE","article-title":"Befriending carers of people with dementia: randomised controlled trial","volume":"336","author":"Charlesworth","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib8","series-title":"Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences","author":"Cohen","year":"1988"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-6185(99)00046-8","article-title":"Personality disorders and coping among anxious older adults","volume":"14","author":"Coolidge","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Anxiety Disord."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610206004297","article-title":"A systematic review of the prevalence and covariates of anxiety in caregivers of people with dementia","volume":"19","author":"Cooper","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. Psychogeriatr."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.109.071811","article-title":"Family carers\u2019 distress and abusive behaviour: longitudinal study","volume":"196","author":"Cooper","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br. J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0b013e31818b504c","article-title":"Validity and reliability of the brief COPE in carers of people with dementia: the LASER-AD Study","volume":"196","author":"Cooper","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Nerv. Ment. Dis."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.2007","article-title":"Coping strategies, anxiety and depression in caregivers of people with Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"23","author":"Cooper","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2009.05.001","article-title":"The determinants of family carers\u2019 abusive behaviour to people with dementia: results of the CARD study","volume":"121","author":"Cooper","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.1321","article-title":"Depression and anxiety in primary caregivers: a comparative study of caregivers of demented and nondemented older persons","volume":"20","author":"Crespo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1080\/13607860500090078","article-title":"Depressive disorders in caregivers of dementia patients: a systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Cuijpers","year":"2005","journal-title":"Aging Ment. Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S10","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.48.5_Suppl_6.10S","article-title":"The Neuropsychiatric Inventory: assessing psychopathology in dementia patients","volume":"48","author":"Cummings","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2308","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.44.12.2308","article-title":"The Neuropsychiatric Inventory: comprehensive assessment of psychopathology in dementia","volume":"44","author":"Cummings","year":"1994","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.55.2.145","article-title":"Abstinence violation effect: validation of an attributional construct with smoking cessation","volume":"55","author":"Curry","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Consult. Clin. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib20","unstructured":"Gallagher-Thompson, D., Solano, N., McGee, J.S., Krisztal, E., Kaye, J., Coon, D.W., & Thompson, L.W. 2002, Coping with Caregiving: Reducing Stress and Improving Your Quality of Life. Stanford University School of Medicine and VA Palo Alto Healthcare System."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib500","first-page":"189","article-title":"Why we (usually) don't have to worry about multiple comparisons","volume":"5","author":"Gelman","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Res. Educ. Eff."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1017\/S0714980800012484","article-title":"Reliability, validity and reference values of the Zarit Burden interview for assessing informal caregivers of community-dwelling older persons with dementia","volume":"19","author":"Hebert","year":"2000","journal-title":"Can. J. Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"f6342","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f6342","article-title":"Cost effectiveness of a manual based coping strategy programme in promoting the mental health of family carers of people with dementia (the START (STrAtegies for RelaTives) study): a pragmatic randomised controlled trial","volume":"347","author":"Knapp","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1667","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp068070","article-title":"The challenge of subgroup analyses--reporting without distorting","volume":"354","author":"Lagakos","year":"2006","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib24","series-title":"The Denial of Stress","first-page":"1","article-title":"Costs and benefits of Denial","author":"Lazarus","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib25","series-title":"Stress, Appraisal and Coping","author":"Lazarus","year":"1984"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610212001755","article-title":"Do changes in coping style explain the effectiveness of interventions for psychological morbidity in family carers of people with dementia? A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"25","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. Psychogeriatr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2011.05.055","article-title":"Coping strategies and psychological morbidity in family carers of people with dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"139","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"f6276","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f6276","article-title":"Clinical effectiveness of a manual based coping strategy programme (START, STrAtegies for RelaTives) in promoting the mental health of carers of family members with dementia: pragmatic randomised controlled trial","volume":"347","author":"Livingston","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"c4184","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c4184","article-title":"Making decisions for people with dementia who lack capacity: qualitative study of family carers in UK","volume":"341","author":"Livingston","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1037\/1082-989X.7.1.83","article-title":"A comparison of methods to test mediation and other intervening variable effects","volume":"7","author":"Mackinnon","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib31","series-title":"Motivational Enhancement Therapy Manual","author":"Miller","year":"1992"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.89.6.852","article-title":"When moderation is mediated and mediation is moderated","volume":"89","author":"Muller","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Personal. Soc. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib33","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence & Social Care Institute for Excellence 2011, NICE clinical guideline 42 (amended March 2011). Dementia: supporting people with dementia and their carers in health and social care."},{"issue":"7139","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1236","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.316.7139.1236","article-title":"What's wrong with Bonferroni adjustments","volume":"316","author":"Perneger","year":"1998","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1080\/13607860410001725036","article-title":"Associations of caregiver stressors and uplifts with subjective well-being and depressive mood: a meta-analytic comparison","volume":"8","author":"Pinquart","year":"2003","journal-title":"Aging Ment. Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1037\/0882-7974.18.2.250","article-title":"Differences between caregivers and noncaregivers in psychological health and physical health: a meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Pinquart","year":"2003","journal-title":"Psychol. Aging"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610206003462","article-title":"Helping caregivers of persons with dementia: which interventions work and how large are their effects?","volume":"18","author":"Pinquart","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. Psychogeriatr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1080\/07357900500449678","article-title":"\u201cNothing is wrong, doctor\u201d: understanding and managing denial in patients with cancer","volume":"24","author":"Rabinowitz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cancer Invest."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1097\/01.yco.0000179504.87613.00","article-title":"Caregiver burden in mental illness: review of measurement, findings and interventions in 2004-2005","volume":"18","author":"Schulze","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1177\/0962280210395740","article-title":"Review of inverse probability weighting for dealing with missing data","volume":"22","author":"Seaman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Stat. Methods Med. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1002\/pon.1051","article-title":"Denial in cancer patients, an explorative review","volume":"16","author":"Vos","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychooncology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e4693","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e4693","article-title":"Efficacy of psychosocial intervention in patients with mild Alzheimer\u2019s disease: the multicentre, rater blinded, randomised Danish Alzheimer Intervention Study (DAISY)","volume":"345","author":"Waldorff","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/20.6.649","article-title":"Relatives of the impaired elderly: correlates of feelings of burden","volume":"20","author":"Zarit","year":"1980","journal-title":"Gerontologist"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x","article-title":"The hospital anxiety and depression scale","volume":"67","author":"Zigmond","year":"1983","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr. Scand."}],"container-title":["Journal of Affective Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S016503271400439X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S016503271400439X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,1]],"date-time":"2018-10-01T10:25:20Z","timestamp":1538389520000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S016503271400439X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"references-count":45,"alternative-id":["S016503271400439X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-0327"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-0327","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Coping strategies as mediators of the effect of the START (strategies for RelaTives) intervention on psychological morbidity for family carers of people with dementia in a randomised controlled trial","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Affective Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.008","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}