{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T10:15:01Z","timestamp":1770977701552,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Aret\u00e6us Foundation of Rome and Centro Bini Private Donors"},{"name":"Bruce J Anderson Foundation"},{"name":"McLean Private Donors Research Fund"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","jad-journal.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Affective Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,28]],"date-time":"2015-05-28T21:45:16Z","timestamp":1432849516000},"page":"258-262","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Efficacy and tolerability of treatments for bipolar depression"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"183","author":[{"given":"Gustavo H.","family":"V\u00e1zquez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessica N.","family":"Holtzman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leonardo","family":"Tondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ross J.","family":"Baldessarini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1097\/YIC.0b013e3280c28410","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of antidepressant monotherapy in the treatment of bipolar-II depression","volume":"22","author":"Agosti","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib2","series-title":"Chemotherapy in Psychiatry","author":"Baldessarini","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1176\/ps.2008.59.10.1175","article-title":"Psychotropic medications for patients with bipolar disorder in the United States: polytherapy and adherence","volume":"59","author":"Baldessarini","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychiatr. Serv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2009.11.008","article-title":"Divalproex sodium versus placebo in the treatment of acute bipolar depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"124","author":"Bond","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v67n0703","article-title":"Seven-week, randomized, double-blind trial of olanzapine\/fluoxetine combination versus lamotrigine in the treatment of bipolar I depression","volume":"67","author":"Brown","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v60n0203","article-title":"A double-blind placebo-controlled study of lamotrigine monotherapy in outpatients with bipolar I depression","volume":"60","author":"Calabrese","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.162.7.1351","article-title":"A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of quetiapine in the treatment of bipolar I or II depression","volume":"162","author":"Calabrese","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2013.10.040","article-title":"Clinical assessment of lurasidone benefit and risk in the treatment of bipolar I depression using number needed to treat, number needed to harm, and likelihood to be helped or harmed","volume":"155","author":"Citrome","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1097\/00004850-198910000-00006","article-title":"A comparison of fluoxetine imipramine and placebo in patients with bipolar depressive disorder","volume":"4","author":"Cohn","year":"1989","journal-title":"Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1097\/YIC.0b013e3280119dfb","article-title":"Number needed to treat and time to response\/remission for quetiapine monotherapy efficacy in acute bipolar depression: evidence from a large, randomized, placebo-controlled study","volume":"22","author":"Cookson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2004.09.009","article-title":"Divalproex in the treatment of bipolar depression: placebo-controlled study","volume":"85","author":"Davis","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1001547","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001547","article-title":"Burden of depressive disorders by country, sex, age, and year: findings from the global burden of disease study 2010","volume":"10","author":"Ferrari","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.02.011","article-title":"Long term morbidity in bipolar I, bipolar II, and unipolar major depressive disorders","author":"Forte.","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1840","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v68n1203","article-title":"Divalproex in the treatment of acute bipolar depression: a preliminary double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study","volume":"68","author":"Ghaemi","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2008.01257.x","article-title":"Long-term antidepressant treatment in bipolar disorder: meta-analyses of benefits and risks","volume":"118","author":"Ghaemi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2013.13070984","article-title":"Lurasidone monotherapy in the treatment of bipolar I depression: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"171","author":"Loebel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2013.13070985","article-title":"Lurasidone as adjunctive therapy with Lithium or Valproate for the treatment of bipolar I depression: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"171","author":"Loebel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0b013e31825ccde5","article-title":"Two 6-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies of Ziprasidone in outpatients with bipolar I depression","volume":"32","author":"Lombardo","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2004.00111.x","article-title":"Cognitive impairment in euthymic bipolar patients: implications for clinical and functional outcome","volume":"6","author":"Martinez-Ar\u00e1n","year":"2004","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.08m04942gre","article-title":"Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of quetiapine and paroxetine as monotherapy in adults with bipolar depression (EMBOLDEN II)","volume":"71","author":"McElroy","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.09m05570gre","article-title":"Acute efficacy of divalproex sodium versus placebo in mood stabilizer-naive bipolar I or II depression: double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"72","author":"Muzina","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.158.6.906","article-title":"Double-blind, placebo-controlled comparison of imipramine and paroxetine in the treatment of bipolar depression","volume":"158","author":"Nemeroff","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2013.13020185","article-title":"International Society for Bipolar Disorders (ISBD) task-force report on antidepressant use in bipolar disorders","volume":"170","author":"Pacchiarotti","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.12r08046","article-title":"Lamotrigine in psychiatric disorders","volume":"74","author":"Reid","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1711","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa064135","article-title":"Effectiveness of adjunctive antidepressant treatment for bipolar depression","volume":"356","author":"Sachs","year":"2007","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1192\/apt.bp.107.004903","article-title":"Course of bipolar disorder","volume":"16","author":"Sanders","year":"2010","journal-title":"Adv. Psychiatr. Treat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1363258","article-title":"Treatments for acute bipolar depression: meta-analyses of placebo-controlled, monotherapy trials of anticonvulsants, lithium, and second-generation antipsychotics","volume":"47","author":"Selle","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pharmacopsychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2009.10.007","article-title":"Effectiveness of the extended release formulation of quetiapine as monotherapy for the treatment of acute bipolar depression","volume":"121","author":"Suppes","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1097\/01.jcp.0000248603.76231.b7","article-title":"Efficacy of quetiapine monotherapy in bipolar I and II depression: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study (the BOLDER II study)","volume":"26","author":"Thase","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1097\/jcp.0b013e3181618eb4","article-title":"Aripiprazole monotherapy in non-psychotic bipolar I depression","volume":"28","author":"Thase","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.112.108357","article-title":"Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of olanzapine in patients with bipolar I depression","volume":"201","author":"Tohen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib32","first-page":"1079","article-title":"Efficacy of olanzapine and olanzapine-fluoxetine combination in the treatment of bipolar I depression","volume":"60","author":"Tohen","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-013-0431-y","article-title":"Options for pharmacological treatment of refractory bipolar depression","volume":"16","author":"Tondo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Psychiatry Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2009.01514.x","article-title":"Mania associated with antidepressant-treatment: comprehensive meta-analytic review","volume":"121","author":"Tondo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1673","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145713000023","article-title":"Overview of antidepressant treatment of bipolar depression","volume":"16","author":"V\u00e1zquez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib36","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO), 2012. Global Burden of Disease: Depression. \u3008http:\/\/www.who.int\/healthinfo\/statistics\/en\/\u3009 and \u3008http:\/\/www.who.int\/mediacentre\/factsheets\/fs369\/en\/\u3009 (accessed 15.01.15)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/bdi.12025","article-title":"Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) and International Society for Bipolar Disorders (ISBD) collaborative update of CANMAT guidelines for the management of patients with bipolar disorder","volume":"15","author":"Yatham","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.08m04995gre","article-title":"Double-blind, placebo-controlled study (EMBOLDEN I) of quietapine and lithium monotherapy in adults in the acute phase of bipolar depression","volume":"71","author":"Young","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib39","first-page":"3609","article-title":"Adjunctive herbal medicine with carbamazepine for bipolar disorders: double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study","volume":"41","author":"Zhang","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2009.158","article-title":"Heterogeneity of DSM-IV major depressive disorder as a consequence of subthreshold bipolarity","volume":"66","author":"Zimmermann","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["Journal of Affective Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S016503271500316X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S016503271500316X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,22]],"date-time":"2018-09-22T04:37:32Z","timestamp":1537591052000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S016503271500316X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["S016503271500316X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-0327"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-0327","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Efficacy and tolerability of treatments for bipolar depression","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Affective Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}