{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T09:33:23Z","timestamp":1791192803712,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,1]],"date-time":"2015-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1446336000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011102","name":"Seventh Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["201714"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201714"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011102","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011102","name":"Seventh Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FP7\/2007\u20132013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FP7\/2007\u20132013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011102","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001602","name":"Science Foundation Ireland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["02\/CE\/B124"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["02\/CE\/B124"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001602","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001602","name":"Science Foundation Ireland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["07\/CE\/B1368"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["07\/CE\/B1368"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001602","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001602","name":"Science Foundation Ireland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFI\/12\/RC\/2273"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFI\/12\/RC\/2273"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001602","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000874","name":"Brain and Behavior Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20771"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20771"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000874","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010414","name":"Health Research Board","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HRA_POR\/2011\/23"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HRA_POR\/2011\/23"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010414","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010414","name":"Health Research Board","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HRA_POR\/2012\/32"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HRA_POR\/2012\/32"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010414","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009670","name":"National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009670","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Affective Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,29]],"date-time":"2015-07-29T22:24:01Z","timestamp":1438208641000},"page":"306-311","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":110,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Serum BDNF as a peripheral biomarker of treatment-resistant depression and the rapid antidepressant response: A comparison of ketamine and ECT"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"186","author":[{"given":"A.P.","family":"Allen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Naughton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Dowling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Walsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Ismail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Shorten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Scott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.M.","family":"McLoughlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.F.","family":"Cryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.G.","family":"Dinan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Clarke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2009.08.038","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of repeated-dose intravenous ketamine for treatment-resistant depression","volume":"67","author":"aan het Rot","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(99)00230-9","article-title":"Antidepressant effects of ketamine in depressed patients","volume":"47","author":"Berman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biolog. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2006.04.010","article-title":"Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) increases serum Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) in drug resistant depressed patients","volume":"16","author":"Bocchio-Chiavetto","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.3109\/15622975.2014.892633","article-title":"BDNF blood levels after electroconvulsive therapy in patients with mood disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Brunoni","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145708009309","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical studies on major depression and BDNF levels: implications for the role of neuroplasticity in depression","volume":"11","author":"Brunoni","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib6","first-page":"1","article-title":"Focus on ECT seizure quality: serum BDNF as a peripheral biomarker in depressed patients","volume":"265","author":"Bumb","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2014.08.023","article-title":"Comparison of ketamine vs. ECT in major depressive disorder: need for ECT standard dosing and duration parameters","volume":"225","author":"Campion","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(01)01083-6","article-title":"Increased hippocampal BDNF immunoreactivity in subjects treated with antidepressant medication","volume":"50","author":"Chen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2013.04.008","article-title":"VEGF and depression: a comprehensive assessment of clinical data","volume":"47","author":"Clark-Raymond","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1997.01830190015002","article-title":"A molecular and cellular theory of depression","volume":"54","author":"Duman","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145712000545","article-title":"Concomitant BDNF and sleep slow wave changes indicate ketamine-induced plasticity in major depressive disorder","volume":"16","author":"Duncan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.02.032","article-title":"Serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is not associated with response to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT): a pilot study in drug resistant depressed patients","volume":"453","author":"Fernandes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1001547","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001547","article-title":"Burden of depressive disorders by country, sex, age, and year: findings from the global burden of disease study 2010","volume":"10","author":"Ferrari","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1997.tb09926.x","article-title":"Electroconvulsive therapy vs. paroxetine in treatment-resistant depression \u2014 a randomized study","volume":"96","author":"Folkerts","year":"1997","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2013.12.008","article-title":"Rapid antidepressant effects of repeated doses of ketamine compared with electroconvulsive therapy in hospitalized patients with major depressive disorder","volume":"215","author":"Ghasemi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145713001119","article-title":"Plasma brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and response to ketamine in treatment-resistant depression","volume":"17","author":"Haile","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbrainres.2004.12.020","article-title":"Neurotrophin levels in postmortem brains of suicide victims and the effects of antemortem diagnosis and psychotropic drugs","volume":"136","author":"Karege","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib20","first-page":"104","article-title":"Patient selection and remission rates with the current practice of electroconvulsive therapy in Germany","volume":"11","author":"Kornhuber","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. ECT"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ijnp\/pyu033","article-title":"BDNF release is required for the behavioral actions of ketamine","volume":"18","author":"Lepack","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2005.05.009","article-title":"Neurotrophins in murine viscera: a dynamic pattern from birth to adulthood","volume":"23","author":"Lommatzsch","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int. J. Dev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2011.04.013","article-title":"Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) serum concentration during electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in treatment resistant depressed patients","volume":"35","author":"Minelli","year":"2011","journal-title":"Prog. Neuro-Psychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2010.98","article-title":"Serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in major depressive disorder: state-trait issues, clinical features and pharmacological treatment","volume":"16","author":"Molendijk","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2013.105","article-title":"Serum BDNF concentrations as peripheral manifestations of depression: evidence from a systematic review and meta-analyses on 179 associations (N=9484)","volume":"19","author":"Molendijk","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2013.11.014","article-title":"A review of ketamine in affective disorders: current evidence of clinical efficacy, limitations of use and pre-clinical evidence on proposed mechanisms of action","volume":"156","author":"Naughton","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cccn.2004.10.002","article-title":"Neurotrophins in clinical diagnostics: pathophysiology and laboratory investigation","volume":"352","author":"Nockher","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1885","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145713000448","article-title":"microRNAs as novel antidepressant targets: converging effects of ketamine and electroconvulsive shock therapy in the rat hippocampus","volume":"16","author":"O\u2019Connor","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2014.07.046","article-title":"Faster, better, stronger: towards new antidepressant therapeutic strategies","volume":"753","author":"O\u2019Leary","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3908(98)00141-5","article-title":"Transport of brain-derived neurotrophic factor across the blood\u2013brain barrier","volume":"37","author":"Pan","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145709991015","article-title":"Decreased BDNF levels in CSF of drug-naive first-episode psychotic subjects: correlation with plasma BDNF and psychopathology","volume":"13","author":"Pillai","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.11.044","article-title":"BDNF as a biomarker for successful treatment of mood disorders: A systematic & quantitative meta-analysis","volume":"174","author":"Polyakova","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.153.8.985","article-title":"Resistance to antidepressant medications and short-term clinical response to ECT","volume":"153","author":"Prudic","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(90)90098-P","article-title":"Medication resistance and clinical response to electroconvulsive therapy","volume":"31","author":"Prudic","year":"1990","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2015.04.009","article-title":"Electroconvulsive therapy improves clinical manifestations of treatment-resistant depression without changing serum BDNF levels","volume":"227","author":"Rapinesi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.285.10.1299","article-title":"Continuation pharmacotherapy in the prevention of relapse following electroconvulsive therapy: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"285","author":"Sackeim","year":"2001","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1097\/00004714-199004000-00004","article-title":"The impact of medication resistance and continuation pharmacotherapy on relapse following response to electroconvulsive therapy in major depression","volume":"10","author":"Sackeim","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.06.018","article-title":"Electroconvulsive therapy and aerobic exercise training increased BDNF and ameliorated depressive symptoms in patients suffering from treatment-resistant major depressive disorder","volume":"57","author":"Salehi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.05.005","article-title":"Serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor, depression, and antidepressant medications: meta-analyses and implications","volume":"64","author":"Sen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib40","first-page":"22","article-title":"The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10","volume":"59","author":"Sheehan","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-014-0527-z","article-title":"Proceed with caution: Off-label ketamine treatment for major depressive disorder","volume":"16","author":"Sisti","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr. Psychiatry Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1097\/YCT.0b013e3181571ad0","article-title":"Electroconvulsive therapy, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and possible neurorestorative benefit of the clinical application of electroconvulsive therapy","volume":"24","author":"Taylor","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. ECT"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.2217\/bmm.10.111","article-title":"Circulating levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor: correlation with mood, cognition and motor function","volume":"4","author":"Teixeira","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biomark. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.163.1.28","article-title":"Evaluation of outcomes with citalopram for depression using measurement-based care in STAR*D: implications for clinical practice","volume":"163","author":"Trivedi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)12705-5","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of electroconvulsive therapy in depressive disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"361","author":"UK ECT Review Group","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.63.8.856","article-title":"A randomized trial of an n-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist in treatment-resistant major depression","volume":"63","author":"Zarate","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["Journal of Affective Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165032715301300?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165032715301300?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,26]],"date-time":"2022-06-26T03:53:44Z","timestamp":1656215624000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0165032715301300"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"references-count":44,"alternative-id":["S0165032715301300"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-0327"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-0327","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Serum BDNF as a peripheral biomarker of treatment-resistant depression and the rapid antidepressant response: A comparison of ketamine and ECT","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Affective Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}