{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T12:30:34Z","timestamp":1784809834310,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,1]],"date-time":"2016-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1462060800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","jad-journal.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.com.au","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Affective Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,4]],"date-time":"2016-02-04T07:31:32Z","timestamp":1454571092000},"page":"57-62","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Impaired glucose metabolism moderates the course of illness in bipolar disorder"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"195","author":[{"given":"Rodrigo B.","family":"Mansur","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucas B.","family":"Rizzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camila M.","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elson","family":"Asevedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graccielle R.","family":"Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariane N.","family":"Noto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariana","family":"Pedrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maiara","family":"Zeni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quirino","family":"Cordeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roger S.","family":"McIntyre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Brietzke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S14","DOI":"10.2337\/dc14-S014","article-title":"Standards of medical care in diabetes--2014","volume":"37","author":"Association","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2010.225","article-title":"Insulin resistance and Alzheimer-like reductions in regional cerebral glucose metabolism for cognitively normal adults with prediabetes or early type 2 diabetes","volume":"68","author":"Baker","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2011.08.037","article-title":"Episode cycles with increasing recurrences in first-episode bipolar-I disorder patients","volume":"136","author":"Baldessarini","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2014.13121577","article-title":"Longitudinal trajectories and associated baseline predictors in youths with bipolar spectrum disorders","volume":"171","author":"Birmaher","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1586\/ern.10.185","article-title":"Insulin dysfunction and allostatic load in bipolar disorder","volume":"11","author":"Brietzke","year":"2011","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Neurother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2009.00730.x","article-title":"Can body mass index help predict outcome in patients with bipolar disorder?","volume":"11","author":"Calkin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.3109\/07853890.2012.687835","article-title":"The relationship between bipolar disorder and type 2 diabetes: more than just co-morbid disorders","volume":"45","author":"Calkin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.114.152850","article-title":"Insulin resistance and outcome in bipolar disorder","volume":"206","author":"Calkin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20204","article-title":"Effects of antipsychotics, antidepressants and mood stabilizers on risk for physical diseases in people with schizophrenia, depression and bipolar disorder","volume":"14","author":"Correll","year":"2015","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2013.1394","article-title":"Comorbidities and mortality in bipolar disorder: a Swedish national cohort study","volume":"70","author":"Crump","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1111\/bdi.12200","article-title":"Association of obesity and treated hypertension and diabetes with cognitive ability in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia","volume":"16","author":"Depp","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.114.152249","article-title":"Comorbid medical illness in bipolar disorder","volume":"205","author":"Forty","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1111\/bdi.12035","article-title":"Obesity and the three-year longitudinal course of bipolar disorder","volume":"15","author":"Goldstein","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1590\/1516-4446-2011-0768","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk factors in outpatients with bipolar disorder: a report from the Brazilian Research Network in Bipolar Disorder","volume":"35","author":"Gomes","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2013.11.007","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes mellitus: a potentially modifiable risk factor for neurochemical brain changes in bipolar disorders","volume":"77","author":"Hajek","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2910","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2014.148","article-title":"Insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, and brain structure in bipolar disorders","volume":"39","author":"Hajek","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2010.08.001","article-title":"2-Year course of bipolar disorder type I patients in outpatient care: factors associated with remission and functional recovery","volume":"21","author":"Haro","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(15)00115-7","article-title":"Pathophysiological mechanisms of increased cardiometabolic risk in people with schizophrenia and other severe mental illnesses","volume":"2","author":"Henderson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1518","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.09m05585ora","article-title":"A cohort study of the prevalence and impact of comorbid medical conditions in pediatric bipolar disorder","volume":"71","author":"Jerrell","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2007.10.005","article-title":"Allostatic load in bipolar disorder: implications for pathophysiology and treatment","volume":"32","author":"Kapczinski","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2010.00823.x","article-title":"Medical comorbidity in bipolar disorder: relationship between illnesses of the endocrine\/metabolic system and treatment outcome","volume":"12","author":"Kemp","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12101","article-title":"General medical burden in bipolar disorder: findings from the LiTMUS comparative effectiveness trial","volume":"129","author":"Kemp","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.172.1.23","article-title":"Recurrence in affective disorder. I. Case register study","volume":"172","author":"Kessing","year":"1998","journal-title":"Br J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3463","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1500877112","article-title":"Insulin resistance in brain alters dopamine turnover and causes behavioral disorders","volume":"112","author":"Kleinridders","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0141420","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0141420","article-title":"A network approach to bipolar symptomatology in patients with different course types","volume":"10","author":"Koenders","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3109\/15622975.2015.1046917","article-title":"Abdominal obesity is associated with impaired cognitive function in euthymic bipolar individuals","author":"Lackner","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2015.02.003","article-title":"Peripheral and central glucose utilizations modulated by mitochondrial DNA 10398A in bipolar disorder","volume":"55","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S16","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12337","article-title":"Control of brain development and homeostasis by local and systemic insulin signalling","volume":"16","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867412460593","article-title":"Cumulative morbidity and prognostic staging of illness in the Systematic Treatment Enhancement Program for Bipolar Disorder (STEP-BD)","volume":"46","author":"Magalhaes","year":"2012","journal-title":"Aust. N. Z. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2014.12.017","article-title":"Is there a \u201cmetabolic-mood syndrome\u201d? A review of the relationship between obesity and mood disorders","volume":"52","author":"Mansur","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(03)00177-X","article-title":"Mood disorders and allostatic load","volume":"54","author":"McEwen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-008-0012-7","article-title":"Bipolar disorder and suicide: research synthesis and clinical translation","volume":"10","author":"McIntyre","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr. Psychiatry Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1080\/10401230701653377","article-title":"Should depressive syndromes be reclassified as \u201cMetabolic Syndrome Type II\u201d?","volume":"19","author":"McIntyre","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2015.03.034","article-title":"Increased cardiometabolic dysfunction in first-degree relatives of patients with psychotic disorders","volume":"165","author":"Mothi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.08.052","article-title":"General medical conditions in 347 bipolar disorder patients: clinical correlates of metabolic and autoimmune-allergic diseases","volume":"170","author":"Perugi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v64n0610","article-title":"Morbidity in 258 bipolar outpatients followed for 1 year with daily prospective ratings on the NIMH life chart method","volume":"64","author":"Post","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.08m04994yel","article-title":"Early-onset bipolar disorder and treatment delay are risk factors for poor outcome in adulthood","volume":"71","author":"Post","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2011.01830.x","article-title":"One-year psychosocial functioning in patients in the early vs. late stage of bipolar disorder","volume":"125","author":"Rosa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-9-12","article-title":"Evidence for somatic gene conversion and deletion in bipolar disorder, Crohn\u2019s disease, coronary artery disease, hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis, type-1 diabetes, and type-2 diabetes","volume":"9","author":"Ross","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1985.tb10510.x","article-title":"The longitudinal course of recurrent affective illness: life chart data from research patients at the NIMH","volume":"317","author":"Roy-Byrne","year":"1985","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr. Scand. Suppl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1177\/070674370304800705","article-title":"Clinical features of bipolar disorder with and without comorbid diabetes mellitus","volume":"48","author":"Ruzickova","year":"2003","journal-title":"Can. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/S0018-506X(02)00035-1","article-title":"Allostasis: a neural behavioral perspective","volume":"43","author":"Schulkin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Horm. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2011.06.004","article-title":"Allostasis: a model of predictive regulation","volume":"106","author":"Sterling","year":"2012","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1111\/bdi.12243","article-title":"Medical burden in bipolar disorder: findings from the Clinical and Health Outcomes Initiative in Comparative Effectiveness for Bipolar Disorder study (Bipolar CHOICE)","volume":"17","author":"Sylvia","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.08m04580","article-title":"Baseline characteristics and outcomes in patients with first episode or multiple episodes of acute mania","volume":"71","author":"Tohen","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2007.00498.x","article-title":"Cognitive impairment in later life in patients with early-onset bipolar disorder","volume":"9","author":"Tsai","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291712001523","article-title":"Typology of clinical course in bipolar disorder based on 18-month naturalistic follow-up","volume":"43","author":"Uher","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.14r09635","article-title":"Prevalence and predictors of type 2 diabetes mellitus in people with bipolar disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"Vancampfort","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-10-150","article-title":"Increased risk of affective disorders in type 2 diabetes is minimized by sulfonylurea and metformin combination: a population-based cohort study","volume":"10","author":"Wahlqvist","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-64-1-190","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid insulin levels increase during intravenous insulin infusions in man","volume":"64","author":"Wallum","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1037\/abn0000014","article-title":"Kindling of life stress in bipolar disorder: comparison of sensitization and autonomy models","volume":"124","author":"Weiss","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Abnorm. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2015.0613","article-title":"Association of insulin resistance with cerebral glucose uptake in late middle-aged adults at risk for Alzheimer Disease","volume":"72","author":"Willette","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2011.02.004","article-title":"The effect of overweight\/obesity on cognitive function in euthymic individuals with bipolar disorder","volume":"27","author":"Yim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002_bib54","first-page":"47","article-title":"Prediction of relapse in recurrent affective disorder","volume":"16","author":"Zis","year":"1980","journal-title":"Psychopharmacol. Bull."}],"container-title":["Journal of Affective Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165032715312994?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165032715312994?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,15]],"date-time":"2018-09-15T19:01:30Z","timestamp":1537038090000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0165032715312994"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"references-count":54,"alternative-id":["S0165032715312994"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-0327"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-0327","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Impaired glucose metabolism moderates the course of illness in bipolar disorder","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Affective Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2016.02.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}