{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T04:34:27Z","timestamp":1784608467114,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,1]],"date-time":"2019-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572566400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,1]],"date-time":"2019-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572566400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MH47588"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MH47588"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MH62169"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MH62169"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Affective Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.08.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,3]],"date-time":"2019-08-03T10:04:50Z","timestamp":1564826690000},"page":"109-114","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The 24-year course of major depression in patients with borderline personality disorder and personality-disordered comparison subjects"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"258","author":[{"given":"Mary C.","family":"Zanarini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanne","family":"H\u00f6rz-Sagstetter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina M.","family":"Temes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frances R.","family":"Frankenburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine E.","family":"Hein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. Bradford","family":"Reich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Garrett M.","family":"Fitzmaurice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.08.005_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v69n0404","article-title":"Prevalence, correlates, disability, and comorbidity of DSM-IV borderline personality disorder: results from the wave 2 national epidemiologic survey on alcohol and related conditions","volume":"69","author":"Grant","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.08.005_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18029","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2018.29","article-title":"Borderline personality disorder","volume":"4","author":"Gunderson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.08.005_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2008.01.026","article-title":"New episodes and new onsets of major depression in borderline and other personality disorders","volume":"111","author":"Gunderson","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.08.005_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.13m08972","article-title":"Interactions of borderline personality disorder and mood disorders over ten years","volume":"75","author":"Gunderson","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.08.005_bib0005","series-title":"Two Factor Index of Social Position","author":"Hollingshead","year":"1957"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.08.005_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2015.02.002","article-title":"Quality and severity of depression in borderline personality disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"37","author":"K\u00f6hling","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.08.005_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0447.2000.102004256.x","article-title":"The collaborative longitudinal personality disorders study: baseline axis I\/II and II\/II diagnostic co-occurrence","volume":"102","author":"McGlashan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.08.005_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.156.7.1000","article-title":". Recurrence after recovery from major depressive disorder during 15 years of observational follow-up","volume":"156","author":"Mueller","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.08.005_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1992.01820080032005","article-title":"The structured clinical interview for DSM-III-R (SCID). I: history, rationale, and description","volume":"49","author":"Spitzer","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.08.005_bib0010","first-page":"6","article-title":"Pharmacological interventions for borderline personality disorder","author":"Stoffers","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.08.005_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1053\/comp.2001.24556","article-title":"Attainment and maintenance of reliability of axis I and II disorders over the course of a longitudinal study","volume":"42","author":"Zanarini","year":"2001","journal-title":"Compr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.08.005_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-440X(87)90012-5","article-title":"The diagnostic interview for personality disorders: interrater and test-retest reliability","volume":"28","author":"Zanarini","year":"1987","journal-title":"Compr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.08.005_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1733","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.155.12.1733","article-title":"Axis I comorbidity of borderline personality disorder","volume":"155","author":"Zanarini","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.08.005_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2108","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.161.11.2108","article-title":"Axis i comorbidity in patients with borderline personality disorder: 6-year follow-up and prediction of time to remission","volume":"161","author":"Zanarini","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.08.005_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.160.2.274","article-title":"The longitudinal course of borderline psychopathology: 6-year prospective follow-up of the phenomenology of borderline personality disorder","volume":"160","author":"Zanarini","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.08.005_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.201400055","article-title":"Treatment rates for patients with borderline personality disorder and other personality disorders: a 16-year study","volume":"66","author":"Zanarini","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychiatr. Serv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.08.005_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2011.11101550","article-title":"Attainment and stability of sustained symptomatic remission and recovery among patients with borderline personality disorder and axis II comparison subjects: a 16-year prospective follow-up study","volume":"169","author":"Zanarini","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.08.005_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2015.15081045","article-title":"Fluidity of the subsyndromal phenomenology of borderline personality disorder over 16 years of prospective follow-up","volume":"173","author":"Zanarini","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.08.005_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1521\/pedi.16.3.270.22538","article-title":"Inter-rater and test-retest reliability of the revised diagnostic interview for borderlines","volume":"16","author":"Zanarini","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Pers. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.08.005_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1521\/pedi.1989.3.1.10","article-title":"The revised diagnostic interview for Borderlines: discriminating BPD from other axis II disorders","volume":"3","author":"Zanarini","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Pers. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.08.005_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-440X(99)90123-2","article-title":"Axis I diagnostic comorbidity and borderline personality disorder","volume":"40","author":"Zimmerman","year":"1999","journal-title":"Compr. Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["Journal of Affective Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165032719304811?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165032719304811?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T20:18:15Z","timestamp":1777493895000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0165032719304811"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"references-count":21,"alternative-id":["S0165032719304811"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2019.08.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-0327"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-0327","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The 24-year course of major depression in patients with borderline personality disorder and personality-disordered comparison subjects","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Affective Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2019.08.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}