{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T07:00:42Z","timestamp":1792652442105,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013365","name":"West China Hospital, Sichuan University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013365","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013365","name":"West China Hospital, Sichuan University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013365","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004829","name":"Department of Science and Technology of Sichuan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004829","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Affective Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T23:26:04Z","timestamp":1599002764000},"page":"970-976","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":90,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Comorbid depressive and anxiety symptoms and frailty among older adults: Findings from the West China health and aging trend study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"277","author":[{"given":"Wanyu","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaolei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jirong","family":"Yue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisha","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiliang","family":"Zuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuli","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Birong","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ning","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1159\/000488480","article-title":"Anxiety symptoms in older adults with depression are associated with suicidality","volume":"45","author":"Bakkane Bendixen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr. Cogn. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2013.12.004","article-title":"HPA axis and aging in depression: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"41","author":"Belvederi Murri","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2373","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.12014","article-title":"Frailty is Associated with Anxiety in Community-Dwelling Elderly Adults","volume":"60","author":"Bernal-L\u00f3pez","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2013.11.011","article-title":"Depression, subthreshold depression and comorbid anxiety symptoms in older Europeans: results from the EURODEP concerted action","volume":"155","author":"Braam","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2016.06.005","article-title":"The depressed frail phenotype: the clinical manifestation of increased biological aging","volume":"24","author":"Brown","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2010.35","article-title":"High occurrence of mood and anxiety disorders among older adults: the national comorbidity survey replication","volume":"67","author":"Byers","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)62167-9","article-title":"Frailty in elderly people","volume":"381","author":"Clegg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2012.04054.x","article-title":"Prevalence of frailty in community-dwelling older persons: a systematic review","volume":"60","author":"Collard","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(01)00497-8","article-title":"Estimating energy expenditure from the Minnesota leisure time physical activity and tecumseh occupational activity questionnaires - a doubly labeled water validation","volume":"55","author":"Conway","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.1366","article-title":"Comorbid anxiety disorder in late life depression: association with memory decline over four years","volume":"20","author":"DeLuca","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2018.05.029","article-title":"Comorbid depressive and anxiety symptoms and the risk of type 2 diabetes: findings from the lifelines cohort study","volume":"238","author":"Desch\u00eanes","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0000000000000763","article-title":"The association of comorbid depression and anxiety symptoms with disability onset in older adults","volume":"82","author":"Dong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2009.09.033","article-title":"A Meta-Analysis of Cytokines in Major Depression","volume":"67","author":"Dowlati","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1573","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2013.01.002","article-title":"Differential association of somatic and cognitive symptoms of depression and anxiety with inflammation: findings from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA)","volume":"38","author":"Duivis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"M146","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/56.3.M146","article-title":"Frailty in Older Adults: evidence for a Phenotype","volume":"56","author":"Fried","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Gerontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2016.12.021","article-title":"Sex differences in frailty: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"89","author":"Gordon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Exp. Gerontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-018-0891-3","article-title":"Psychological distress in elderly people is associated with diet, wellbeing, health status, social support and physical functioning- a HUNT3 study","volume":"18","author":"Gronning","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1466","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291716003548","article-title":"Sit, step, sweat: longitudinal associations between physical activity patterns, anxiety and depression","volume":"47","author":"Hiles","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2011.11.006","article-title":"Salivary cortisol and frailty syndrome in elderly residents of long-stay institutions: a cross-sectional study","volume":"54","author":"Holanda","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Gerontol. Geriatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.1669","article-title":"The relationship between generalized anxiety disorder, depression and mortality in old age","volume":"22","author":"Holwerda","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e3181907c1b","article-title":"Associations of depression with c-reactive protein, il-1, and il-6: a meta-analysis","volume":"71","author":"Howren","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2011.04.006","article-title":"Frailty in older women","volume":"69","author":"Hubbard","year":"2011","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.4306\/pi.2017.14.3.240","article-title":"Impact of Anxiety and Depression on Physical Health Condition and Disability in an Elderly Korean Population","volume":"14","author":"Kang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychiatry Investig."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0024","first-page":"37","article-title":"Chinese elderly and the GDS short form: a preliminary study","volume":"14","author":"Lee","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Aging Ment. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1002\/1099-1166(200009)15:9<824::AID-GPS207>3.0.CO;2-C","article-title":"Validation and comparison of three brief depression scales in an elderly Chinese population","volume":"15","author":"Lim","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000001006","article-title":"Association of hypertension with depression and generalized anxiety symptoms in a large population-based sample of older adults","volume":"34","author":"Maatouk","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Hypertens."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-019-1434-2","article-title":"Interventions to prevent, delay or reverse frailty in older people: a journey towards clinical guidelines","volume":"17","author":"Marcucci","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2019.104001","article-title":"Effects of dance intervention on frailty among older adults","volume":"88","author":"Meng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch Gerontol. Geriatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2013.03.022","article-title":"Frailty Consensus: a Call to Action","volume":"14","author":"Morley","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Dir. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610211002110","article-title":"Frailty, depression, and anxiety in later life","volume":"24","author":"N\u00ed Mhaol\u00e1in","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. Psychogeriatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1037\/hea0000707","article-title":"Comparing anxiety and depression to obesity and smoking as predictors of major medical illnesses and somatic symptoms","volume":"38","author":"Niles","year":"2019","journal-title":"Health Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2010.03.003","article-title":"Clinical anxiety, cortisol and interleukin-6: evidence for specificity in emotion\u2013biology relationships","volume":"24","author":"O\u2019Donovan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03324754","article-title":"Men: good health and high mortality. Sex differences in health and aging","volume":"20","author":"Oksuzyan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Aging Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2047","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291711000444","article-title":"Co-occurrence of anxiety and depression amongst older adults in low- and middle-income countries: findings from the 10\/66 study","volume":"41","author":"Prina","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.050051","article-title":"A global clinical measure of fitness and frailty in elderly people","volume":"173","author":"Rockwood","year":"2005","journal-title":"Can. Med. Assoc. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"M366","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/56.6.M366","article-title":"Screening for Undernutrition in Geriatric Practice: developing the Short-Form Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA-SF)","volume":"56","author":"Rubenstein","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Gerontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glp097","article-title":"Higher inflammatory marker levels in older persons: associations with 5-year change in muscle mass and muscle strength","volume":"64A","author":"Schaap","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Gerontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8101554","article-title":"Prevalence of Psychological Frailty in Japan: NCGG-SGS as a Japanese National Cohort Study","volume":"8","author":"Shimada","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2016.08.006","article-title":"Inflammation and frailty in the elderly: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"31","author":"Soysal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2017.03.005","article-title":"Relationship between depression and frailty in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"36","author":"Soysal","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.10.1092","article-title":"A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7","volume":"166","author":"Spitzer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2014.04.013","article-title":"The effect of dance on depressive symptoms in nursing home residents","volume":"15","author":"Vankova","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Dir. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/63.2.190","article-title":"Higher Levels and Blunted Diurnal Variation of Cortisol in Frail Older Women","volume":"63","author":"Varadhan","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. Ser. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e3181d2f0c8","article-title":"Salivary cortisol levels in persons with and without different anxiety disorders","volume":"72","author":"Vreeburg","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0046","first-page":"229","article-title":"Development and validation of the China Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire in the elderly","volume":"33","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pract. Geriatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glx098","article-title":"Prevalence and correlates of frailty among community-dwelling chinese older adults: the china health and retirement longitudinal study","volume":"73","author":"Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Gerontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-020-1346-z","article-title":"Association between number of teeth, denture use and frailty: findings from the west China health and aging trend study","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Health Aging"}],"container-title":["Journal of Affective Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165032720326768?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165032720326768?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,28]],"date-time":"2025-09-28T01:49:56Z","timestamp":1759024196000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0165032720326768"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["S0165032720326768"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-0327"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-0327","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Comorbid depressive and anxiety symptoms and frailty among older adults: Findings from the West China health and aging trend study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Affective Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.070","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}