{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T02:17:52Z","timestamp":1788315472169,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002920","name":"Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002920","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Affective Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,28]],"date-time":"2020-12-28T11:52:16Z","timestamp":1609156336000},"page":"594-601","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Probable anxiety and components of psychological resilience amid COVID-19: A population-based study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"282","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1402-2318","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wai Kai","family":"Hou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0607-1016","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Horace","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsz Wai","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huinan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7890-2069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Menachem","family":"Ben-Ezra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin","family":"Goodwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatia Mei-chun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e21","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2020.158","article-title":"Investigating the relationship between COVID-19-related and distress and ICD-11 adjustment disorder: two cross-sectional studies","volume":"7","author":"Ben-Ezra","year":"2020","journal-title":"BJPsych Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.06.026","article-title":"The association of being in quarantine and related COVID-19 recommended and non-recommended behaviors with psychological distress in Chinese population","volume":"275","author":"Ben-Ezra","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.59.1.20","article-title":"Loss, trauma, and human resilience: have we underestimated the human capacity to thrive after extremely aversive events?","volume":"59","author":"Bonanno","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am. Psychol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-6133.27.5.659","article-title":"Psychological resilience and dysfunction among hospitalized survivors of the SARS epidemic in Hong Kong: a latent class approach","volume":"27","author":"Bonanno","year":"2008","journal-title":"Health Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102111","article-title":"A cross-sectional study on mental health among health care workers during the outbreak of Corona Virus Disease 2019","volume":"51","author":"Cai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Asian J. Psychiatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.112934","article-title":"The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China","volume":"287","author":"Cao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0005","unstructured":"Census and Statistics Department. 2020. Hong Kong in figures. https:\/\/www.statistics.gov.hk\/pub\/B10100062020AN20B0100.pdf (accessed 22 August 2020)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0006","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2020. Stress and coping. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/coronavirus\/2019-ncov\/daily-life-coping\/managing-stress-anxiety.html (accessed 22 August 2020)."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.298.14.1685","article-title":"Psychological stress and disease","volume":"298","author":"Cohen","year":"2007","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0008","first-page":"46","article-title":"Assessment of resilience in the aftermath of trauma","volume":"67","author":"Connor","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1002\/da.10113","article-title":"Development of a new resilience scale: the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC)","volume":"18","author":"Connor","year":"2003","journal-title":"Depress. Anxiety"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E279","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(20)30090-6","article-title":"Impact assessment of non-pharmaceutical interventions against COVID-19 and influenza in Hong Kong: an observational study","volume":"5","author":"Cowling","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1006\/pmed.1999.0528","article-title":"Posttraumatic stress and change in lifestyle among the Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake victims","volume":"29","author":"Fukuda","year":"1999","journal-title":"Prev. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2018.05.008","article-title":"Trajectories of resilience and dysfunction following potential trauma: a review and statistical evaluation","volume":"63","author":"Galatzer-Levy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.11132","article-title":"COVID-19 pandemic, unemployment, and civil unrest: underlying deep racial and socioeconomic divides","volume":"324","author":"Galea","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2020.1562","article-title":"The mental health consequences of COVID-19 and physical distancing","volume":"180","author":"Galea","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Intern. Med."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2007.03.013","article-title":"Participation rates in epidemiologic studies","volume":"17","author":"Galea","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0016","article-title":"COVID-19: risk perception and coping strategies","author":"Gerhold","year":"2020","journal-title":"PsyArXiv Preprints"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.05.040","article-title":"Mental health consequences during the initial stage of the 2020 Coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) in Spain","volume":"87","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Sanguino","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e100385","DOI":"10.1136\/gpsych-2020-100385","article-title":"Quarantine, distress and interpersonal relationships during COVID-19","volume":"33","author":"Goodwin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gen. Psychiatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0075","article-title":"Psychological and behavioural responses to COVID-19: a China\u2013Britain comparison","author":"Goodwin","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Epidemiol. Community Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.2019.251","article-title":"Psychological distress after the Great East Japan Earthquake: two multilevel 6-year prospective analyses","volume":"216","author":"Goodwin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"m1211","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m1211","article-title":"Managing mental health challenges faced by healthcare workers during covid-19 pandemic","volume":"368","author":"Greenberg","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0020","article-title":"Functional fear predicts public health compliance in the COVID-19 pandemic","author":"Harper","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Ment. Health Addict."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0021","series-title":"The Oxford Handbook of Stress, Health, and Coping","first-page":"127","article-title":"Conservation of resources theory: Its implication for stress, health, and resilience","author":"Hobfoll","year":"2010"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"P547","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(20)30168-1","article-title":"Multidisciplinary research priorities for the COVID-19 pandemic: a call for action for mental health science","volume":"7","author":"Holmes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.07.005","article-title":"Threat to democracy: physical and mental health impact of democracy movement in Hong Kong","volume":"186","author":"Hou","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1037\/a0020809","article-title":"Resource loss, resource gain, and psychological resilience and dysfunction following cancer diagnosis: a growth mixture modeling approach","volume":"29","author":"Hou","year":"2010","journal-title":"Health Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0026","series-title":"Mental Health of Refugee and Conflict-Affected Populations","first-page":"111","article-title":"Drive to thrive: a theory of resilience following loss,","author":"Hou","year":"2018"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"020315","DOI":"10.7189\/jogh.10.020315","article-title":"Regularizing daily routines for mental health during and after the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"10","author":"Hou","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Glob. Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1037\/pas0000692","article-title":"Measuring everyday processes and mechanisms of stress resilience: development and initial validation of the Sustainability of Living Inventory (SOLI)","volume":"31","author":"Hou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychol. Assess."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0070","article-title":"Mental health and behavioral adjustment during the Covid-19 pandemic: Evidence from two population-representative cohorts","author":"Hou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Translational Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.11.165","article-title":"Everyday life experiences and mental health among conflict-affected forced migrants: a meta-analysis","volume":"264","author":"Hou","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2014.11.039","article-title":"A meta-analysis of the trait resilience and mental health","volume":"76","author":"Hu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pers. Individ. Dif."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1037\/pspp0000095","article-title":"The multidimensional nature of resilience to spousal loss","volume":"112","author":"Infurna","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Pers. Soc. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1038\/s41562-017-0200-8","article-title":"The resilience framework as a strategy to combat stress-related disorders","volume":"1","author":"Kalisch","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Hum. Behav."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.12159","article-title":"Trauma, depression, and resilience of earthquake\/tsunami\/nuclear disaster survivors of Hirono, Fukushima, Japan","volume":"68","author":"Kukihara","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2607.200500","article-title":"Community responses during early phase of COVID-19 epidemic","volume":"26","author":"Kwok","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hong Kong. Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2019-213693","article-title":"Socioeconomic gradient of mental health amid the anti-extradition bill protests in Hong Kong: the mediating role of daily routine disruptions","volume":"74","author":"Lai","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Epidemiol. Community Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2326","DOI":"10.1002\/jcop.22418","article-title":"How does chronic multimorbidity affect daily routines? An experience sampling study of community\u2010dwelling adults in Hong Kong","volume":"48","author":"Lai","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Community Psychol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.3976","article-title":"Factors associated with mental health outcomes among health care workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019","volume":"3","author":"Lai","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0036","series-title":"Stress, Appraisal, and Coping","author":"Lazarus","year":"1984"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1713","DOI":"10.1086\/429923","article-title":"Longitudinal assessment of community psychobehavioral responses during and after the 2003 outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong","volume":"40","author":"Leung","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8888","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17238888","article-title":"Social capital, income loss, and psychobehavioral responses amid COVID-19: a population-based analysis","volume":"17","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2011.02.003","article-title":"Depression after exposure to stressful events: lessons learned from the severe acute respiratory syndrome epidemic","volume":"53","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Compr. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8624.00164","article-title":"The construct of resilience: a critical evaluation and guidelines for future work","volume":"71","author":"Luthar","year":"2000","journal-title":"Child Dev."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.56.3.227","article-title":"Ordinary magic: resilience processes in development","volume":"56","author":"Masten","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0041","series-title":"Ordinary Magic: Resilience in Development","author":"Masten","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0042","unstructured":"Mayo Clinic, 2020. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) - Symptoms and causes. https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/diseases-conditions\/coronavirus\/symptoms-causes\/syc-20479963. (accessed 22 August 2020)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2018.12.005","article-title":"Predictors of lower-than-expected posttraumatic symptom severity in war veterans: the influence of personality, self-reported trait resilience, and psychological flexibility","volume":"113","author":"Meyer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Behav. Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-015-1072-x","article-title":"Normative data and psychometric properties of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and the abbreviated version (CD-RISC2) among the general population in Hong Kong","volume":"25","author":"Ni","year":"2015","journal-title":"Qual. Life Res."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.12772","article-title":"Longitudinal characteristics of resilience among adolescents: a high school student cohort study to assess the psychological impact of the Great East Japan Earthquake","volume":"72","author":"Okuyama","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1080\/08941920.2017.1377794","article-title":"Disruption of routine behaviors following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill","volume":"31","author":"Parks","year":"2018","journal-title":"Soc. Nat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.11.005","article-title":"Screening for anxiety disorders with the GAD-7 and GAD-2: a systematic review and diagnostic metaanalysis","volume":"39","author":"Plummer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gen. Hosp. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0050","unstructured":"Public Health England, 2020. Guidance for the public on the mental health and wellbeing aspects of coronavirus (Covid-19). https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/covid-19-guidance-for-the-public-on-mental-health-and-wellbeing\/guidance-for-the-public-on-the-mental-health-and-wellbeing-aspects-of-coronavirus-covid-19 (accessed 22 August 2020)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0051","unstructured":"R Core Team, 2016. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria Retrieved from https:\/\/www.R-project.org\/."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1007\/s10591-015-9346-6","article-title":"The role of online communication in the lives of military spouses","volume":"37","author":"Rea","year":"2015","journal-title":"Contemp. Fam. Ther."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1017\/dmp.2020.109","article-title":"COVID-19 community stabilization and sustainability framework: an integration of the Maslow hierarchy of needs and social determinants of health","volume":"14","author":"Ryan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Disaster. Med. Public Health Prep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0054","series-title":"Handbook of Adult Resilience","first-page":"112","article-title":"The resilient personality","author":"Skodol","year":"2010"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.10.1092","article-title":"A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7","volume":"166","author":"Spitzer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.05.009","article-title":"Prevalence and correlates of PTSD and depressive symptoms one month after the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic in a sample of home-quarantined Chinese university students","volume":"274","author":"Tang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-13-47","article-title":"Influence of personal and environmental factors on mental health in a sample of Austrian survivors of World War II with regard to PTSD: is it resilience","volume":"13","author":"Tran","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2051-5545.2009.tb00219.x","article-title":"What is \u201cfunctional impairment\u201d? Disentangling disability from clinical significance","volume":"8","author":"\u00dcst\u00fcn","year":"2009","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2007.01.006","article-title":"An abbreviated version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), the CD-RISC2: Psychometric properties and applications in psychopharmacological trials","volume":"152","author":"Vaishnavi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.2486\/indhealth.45.181","article-title":"Associations of depressive symptoms with regular leisure activity and family social support among Japanese workers","volume":"45","author":"Wada","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ind. Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17051729","article-title":"Immediate psychological responses and associated factors during the initial stage of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic among the general population in China","volume":"17","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0062","series-title":"Global Economic Prospects","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0063","unstructured":"World Health Organization, 2020. Mental health and psychosocial considerations during the Covid-19 outbreak (WHO reference number: WHO\/2019-nCoV\/MentalHealth\/2020.1). https:\/\/www.who.int\/docs\/default-source\/coronaviruse\/mental-health-considerations.pdf (accessed 22 August 2020)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0064","article-title":"The effects of social support on sleep quality of medical staff treating patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in January and February 2020 in China","volume":"26","author":"Xiao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Monit."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0065","article-title":"Exploring the associations between resilience, dispositional hope, preventive behaviours, subjective well-being, and psychological health among adults during early stage of COVID-19","author":"Yildirim","year":"2020","journal-title":"PsyArXiv Preprints"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3024","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17093024","article-title":"A preliminary evaluation of the public risk perception related to the COVID-19 health emergency in Italy","volume":"17","author":"Zanin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1080\/15427609.2010.504431","article-title":"Resilience: promoting well-being through recovery, sustainability, and growth","volume":"7","author":"Zautra","year":"2010","journal-title":"Res. Hum. Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127_bib0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.112958","article-title":"Unprecedented disruption of lives and work: health, distress and life satisfaction of working adults in China one month into the COVID-19 outbreak","volume":"288","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."}],"container-title":["Journal of Affective Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165032720332171?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165032720332171?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,28]],"date-time":"2025-09-28T01:56:25Z","timestamp":1759024585000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0165032720332171"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"references-count":73,"alternative-id":["S0165032720332171"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-0327"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-0327","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Probable anxiety and components of psychological resilience amid COVID-19: A population-based study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Affective Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.127","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}